Interaction of vitamin B12 with bromoform, other halogenated methane analogs, and Asparagopsis, on methanogenesis in mixed rumen cultures

Interaction of vitamin B12 with bromoform, other halogenated methane analogs, and Asparagopsis, on methanogenesis in mixed rumen cultures | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Interaction of vitamin B 12 with bromoform, other halogenated methane analogs, and Asparagopsis , on methanogenesis in mixed rumen cultures Emilio Ungerfeld, Nathaly Cancino This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-9327205/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Supplementation of ruminants with the bromoform-containing red alga Asparagopsis or pure bromoform preparations are potent strategies to mitigate enteric methane (CH 4 ) emissions from ruminant livestock. The efficacy of Asparagopsis and bromoform to decrease CH 4 is reduced with high fiber diets, but the mechanisms explaining this interaction with diet composition are unknown. Bromoform and other halogenated CH 4 analogs inhibit CH 4 formation by reacting with cobamides involved in the transfer of a methyl group to coenzyme M in methanogenesis. Given that high forage diets promote vitamin B 12 synthesis in the rumen, it is possible that Asparagopsis and bromoform preparations are less efficacious with high forage diets because there is more vitamin B 12 to react with bromoform. In one rumen serial culture and three batch cultures experiments, we examined the hypothesis that vitamin B 12 can impair the efficacy of bromoform, other halogenated CH 4 analogs, and Asparagopsis at inhibiting methanogenesis. In Experiment 1, vitamin B 12 supplemented to rumen cultures in serial transfers 1 to 4 at 8.86 mg/L or spiked at 422 mg/L in serial transfer 5 markedly reversed the inhibition of methanogenesis and the associated increase in the relative abundance of Methanobrevibacter spp. caused by bromoform supplemented at 0.50 µM. In Experiments 2 and 3, vitamin B 12 at a maximal concentration of 500 and 10 mg/L, respectively, did not impair the inhibition of methanogenesis by bromoform at 5.0 and 0.50 µM, in the same order. In Experiment 4, partial inhibition of methanogenesis by Asparagopsis was partially reversed by vitamin B 12 at 20 mg/L. Overall, the concentrations of added vitamin B 12 required to reverse in vitro the antimethanogenic effects of bromoform, other halogenated CH 4 analogs and Asparagopsis were considerably higher than the reported ruminal concentrations of vitamin B 12 and total cobamides. Therefore, our results suggest that vitamin B 12 and total cobamides are unlikely to explain the lower efficacy of Asparagopsis and bromoform preparations at inhibiting methanogenesis in vivo with high fiber diets. However, published results on the in vivo temporal dynamics of bromoform, dibromomethane, and bromomethane in the rumen of animals supplemented Asparagopsis and bromoform preparations are still needed to fully evaluate this possibility. Animal Science methane rumen bromoform cobalamin cobamides Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Full Text Additional Declarations The authors declare no competing interests. Supplementary Files Supplementarytablesandfigures.docx Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-9327205","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":617826851,"identity":"8a876e87-8d8a-4420-b66d-3cd022dc8776","order_by":0,"name":"Emilio Ungerfeld","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAABCUlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYFACxsYDCTB2BYMFYz8zA8MBIFsGj5YGhJYzDBKMM5shWnjw2XMAzgJp2QDl4tTCL3a44cCDCobE7fyLj304UCEhu/k478EDPxjscGqRnJ0IdNgZhsSdM54lzzhwRsJ422G+hIM9DMk4tRjcBmpJbGNI3HDjjDHzxzaJxG2HeQwO8DAcwKnFHqHl/GeGg/8kEjc38xgc/INHi4E0TMv5HmaGgw0SiRuYeQwO47NF4jbYLxLGG26wGTMcOCZhPAPosMMyBrj9wj87/eHDHxU2shvOH37McKDGRra//4zxxzcVdnK4tMAsA6IEFAcT0ACx7wAxqkbBKBgFo2AkAgCULmG8A4yDcAAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5422-5462","institution":"Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Emilio","middleName":"","lastName":"Ungerfeld","suffix":""},{"id":617827374,"identity":"a4864573-40c9-40ef-80f5-edd10d6c12ea","order_by":1,"name":"Nathaly Cancino","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7130-2124","institution":"Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Nathaly","middleName":"","lastName":"Cancino","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2026-04-05 15:36:48","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":{"humanSubjects":false,"vertebrateSubjects":true,"conflictsOfInterestStatement":false,"humanSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false,"humanSubjectConsent":false,"humanSubjectClinicalTrial":false,"humanSubjectCaseReport":false,"vertebrateSubjectEthicalGuidelines":true},"doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9327205/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9327205/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":106293882,"identity":"1a666d41-90b7-433f-b242-7a0659d83ba5","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-07 08:14:06","extension":"png","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":848041,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eOverall scheme of serial rumen cultures receiving 0 or 8.86 mg/L vitamin B\u003csub\u003e12\u003c/sub\u003e in serial transfers 1 to 4, 0 or 422 mg/L vitamin B\u003csub\u003e12\u003c/sub\u003e in serial transfer 5, or 0 or 0.5 µM bromoform in serial transfer 5 (Experiment 1).\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig.1.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9327205/v1/752ff08ca0f089acaf8cd933.png"},{"id":106293935,"identity":"63d7fb41-15dc-4b3b-beec-c592409c977a","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-07 08:14:20","extension":"png","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":12284302,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eEffects of supplementing ruminal serial cultures with vitamin B\u003csub\u003e12\u003c/sub\u003e at 0 or 8.86 mg/L in serial transfers 1 to 4, vitamin B\u003csub\u003e12\u003c/sub\u003e at 0 or 422 mg/L in serial transfer 5, and bromoform at 0 or 0.5 µM in serial transfer 5, on methane (CH\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e) production in serial transfer 5. Vitamin B\u003csub\u003e12\u003c/sub\u003e at 8.86 mg/L in serial transfers 1 to 4, P = 0.019; Vitamin B\u003csub\u003e12\u003c/sub\u003e at 422 mg/L in serial transfer 5, P = 0.006; Bromoform, P \u0026lt; 0.001; Vitamin B\u003csub\u003e12\u003c/sub\u003e at 8.86 mg/L in serial transfers 1 to 4 × Vitamin B\u003csub\u003e12\u003c/sub\u003e at 422 mg/L in serial transfer 5, P = 0.030; Vitamin B\u003csub\u003e12\u003c/sub\u003e in serial transfers 1 to 4 at 8.86 mg/L × Bromoform, P = 0.068; Vitamin B\u003csub\u003e12\u003c/sub\u003e at 422 mg/L in serial transfer 5 × Bromoform, P \u0026lt; 0.001; triple interaction, P = 0.029; cow (random), P = 0.78; incubation (random), P = 0.51 (Experiment 1).\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Figure2methaneExp1.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9327205/v1/edb9a93fc33710683896e740.png"},{"id":106293884,"identity":"bc55a7b4-9485-4c2c-841c-8ac4b96645c4","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-07 08:14:06","extension":"png","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":10235775,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eEffects of supplementing ruminal serial cultures with vitamin B\u003csub\u003e12\u003c/sub\u003e at 0 or 8.86 mg/L in serial transfers 1 to 4, vitamin B\u003csub\u003e12\u003c/sub\u003e at 0 or 422 mg/L in serial transfer 5, and bromoform at 0 or 0.5 µM in serial transfer 5, on dihydrogen (H\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e) accumulation in serial transfer 5. Vitamin B\u003csub\u003e12\u003c/sub\u003e at 8.86 mg/L in serial transfers 1 to 4, P \u0026lt; 0.001; Vitamin B\u003csub\u003e12\u003c/sub\u003e at 422 mg/L in serial transfer 5, P \u0026lt; 0.001; Bromoform, P \u0026lt; 0.001; all double interactions, P \u0026lt; 0.001; triple interaction, P \u0026lt; 0.001; cow (random), P = 0.57; incubation (random), P = 0.42 (Experiment 1).\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Figure3H2Exp1.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9327205/v1/93f61772e3ec97070c04a564.png"},{"id":106293887,"identity":"2f5d0352-9c0b-4ede-9cb3-25b5663419e8","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-07 08:14:07","extension":"png","order_by":4,"title":"Figure 4","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":10269239,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eEffects of bromoform and vitamin B\u003csub\u003e12\u003c/sub\u003e on methane (CH\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e) production in 48-h rumen batch cultures. Bromoform, P \u0026lt; 0.001; Vitamin B\u003csub\u003e12\u003c/sub\u003e, P = 0.16; Bromoform × Vitamin B\u003csub\u003e12\u003c/sub\u003e, P = 0.93; Cow (random), P = 0.51; Incubation run (random), P = 0.34. Concentration of vitamin B\u003csub\u003e12\u003c/sub\u003e was added unity and log-transformed for the statistical analysis (Experiment 2).\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Figure4methaneExp2.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9327205/v1/5c85e075a6728acf8785396c.png"},{"id":106293886,"identity":"d9d9393e-a690-4610-8ad3-62fa8952a435","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-07 08:14:07","extension":"png","order_by":5,"title":"Figure 5","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":468956,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eEffects of various methane halogenated analogs inhibitors of methanogenesis and vitamin B\u003csub\u003e12\u003c/sub\u003e on methane (CH\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e) production in 48-h rumen batch cultures. Methane halogenated analog, P \u0026lt; 0.001; Vitamin B\u003csub\u003e12\u003c/sub\u003e, P = 0.16; Methane halogenated analog × Vitamin B\u003csub\u003e12\u003c/sub\u003e, P = 0.72; Cow (random), P = 0.48; Incubation run (random), P = 0.35 (Experiment 3).\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Figure5methaneExp3.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9327205/v1/ad2509803034dcc08e61d6d3.png"},{"id":106293888,"identity":"7d1aca3d-1235-4be9-a96c-5e864919738c","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-07 08:14:07","extension":"png","order_by":6,"title":"Figure 6","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":11084000,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eEffects of 0.36% (as fed basis) \u003cem\u003eAsparagopsis taxiformis\u003c/em\u003e and vitamin B\u003csub\u003e12\u003c/sub\u003e at 0, 1.0, 5.0, or 20 mg/L on methane (CH\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e) production of rumen batch cultures. \u003cem\u003eAsparagopsis\u003c/em\u003e, P \u0026lt; 0.001; Vitamin B\u003csub\u003e12\u003c/sub\u003e, P = 0.23; \u003cem\u003eAsparagopsis\u003c/em\u003e × Vitamin B\u003csub\u003e12\u003c/sub\u003e, P = 0.077; Cow (random), P = 0.50; Incubation (random), P = 0.34 (Experiment 4).\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Figure6methaneExp4.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9327205/v1/8f25d9ee70e9d3df1e9929d5.png"},{"id":106293889,"identity":"b015d8b6-76e1-4052-b1ba-c435c297c1af","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-07 08:14:07","extension":"png","order_by":7,"title":"Figure 7","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":10582564,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eEffects of 0.36% (as fed basis) \u003cem\u003eAsparagopsis taxiformis\u003c/em\u003e and vitamin B\u003csub\u003e12\u003c/sub\u003e at 0, 1.0, 5.0, or 20 mg/L on dihydrogen (H\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e) accumulation in rumen batch cultures. \u003cem\u003eAsparagopsis\u003c/em\u003e, P \u0026lt; 0.001; Vitamin B\u003csub\u003e12\u003c/sub\u003e, P = 0.17; \u003cem\u003eAsparagopsis\u003c/em\u003e × Vitamin B\u003csub\u003e12\u003c/sub\u003e, P = 0.23; Cow (random), P = 0.50; Incubation (random), P = 0.34. Results were decimal log-transformed for the statistical analysis (Experiment 4).\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Figure7H2Exp4.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9327205/v1/b3c20b3900603c11b82fff9b.png"},{"id":106293890,"identity":"4ec3d031-a909-4091-ab25-ea10ebafbbb2","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-07 08:14:07","extension":"png","order_by":8,"title":"Figure 8","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":12258645,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eA comparison of vitamin B\u003csub\u003e12\u003c/sub\u003e and total cobamides concentration measured in Experiment 1, the maximal concentrations of vitamin B\u003csub\u003e12\u003c/sub\u003e added in Experiments 2, 3, and 4, and concentrations of vitamin B\u003csub\u003e12\u003c/sub\u003e and total cobamides in rumen fluid, whole rumen contents, and rumen microbes reported in the scientific literature.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Figure8.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9327205/v1/e22a9e1bc2ed0d3f051d6212.png"},{"id":106293885,"identity":"8b6e2fbb-6c39-4ff7-b575-ea8c6587df0e","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-07 08:14:07","extension":"docx","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":1484387,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Supplementarytablesandfigures.docx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9327205/v1/5b740159e993cd7277cde274.docx"}],"financialInterests":"The authors declare no competing interests.","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003eInteraction of vitamin B\u003csub\u003e12\u003c/sub\u003e with bromoform, other halogenated methane analogs, and \u003cem\u003eAsparagopsis\u003c/em\u003e, on methanogenesis in mixed rumen cultures\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":false,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"methane, rumen, bromoform, cobalamin, cobamides","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9327205/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9327205/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eSupplementation of ruminants with the bromoform-containing red alga \u003cem\u003eAsparagopsis\u003c/em\u003e or pure bromoform preparations are potent strategies to mitigate enteric methane (CH\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e) emissions from ruminant livestock. The efficacy of \u003cem\u003eAsparagopsis\u003c/em\u003e and bromoform to decrease CH\u003csub\u003e4 \u003c/sub\u003eis reduced with high fiber diets, but the mechanisms explaining this interaction with diet composition are unknown. Bromoform and other halogenated CH\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e analogs inhibit CH\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e formation by reacting with cobamides involved in the transfer of a methyl group to coenzyme M in methanogenesis. Given that high forage diets promote vitamin B\u003csub\u003e12\u003c/sub\u003e synthesis in the rumen, it is possible that \u003cem\u003eAsparagopsis\u003c/em\u003e and bromoform preparations are less efficacious with high forage diets because there is more vitamin B\u003csub\u003e12\u003c/sub\u003e to react with bromoform. In one rumen serial culture and three batch cultures experiments, we examined the hypothesis that vitamin B\u003csub\u003e12\u003c/sub\u003e can impair the efficacy of bromoform, other halogenated CH\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e analogs, and \u003cem\u003eAsparagopsis\u003c/em\u003e at inhibiting methanogenesis. In Experiment 1, vitamin B\u003csub\u003e12\u003c/sub\u003e supplemented to rumen cultures in serial transfers 1 to 4 at 8.86 mg/L or spiked at 422 mg/L in serial transfer 5 markedly reversed the inhibition of methanogenesis and the associated increase in the relative abundance of \u003cem\u003eMethanobrevibacter\u003c/em\u003e spp. caused by bromoform supplemented at 0.50 µM. In Experiments 2 and 3, vitamin B\u003csub\u003e12\u003c/sub\u003e at a maximal concentration of 500 and 10 mg/L, respectively, did not impair the inhibition of methanogenesis by bromoform at 5.0 and 0.50 µM, in the same order. In Experiment 4, partial inhibition of methanogenesis by \u003cem\u003eAsparagopsis\u003c/em\u003e was partially reversed by vitamin B\u003csub\u003e12\u003c/sub\u003e at 20 mg/L. Overall, the concentrations of added vitamin B\u003csub\u003e12\u003c/sub\u003e required to reverse in vitro the antimethanogenic effects of bromoform, other halogenated CH\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e analogs and \u003cem\u003eAsparagopsis\u003c/em\u003e were considerably higher than the reported ruminal concentrations of vitamin B\u003csub\u003e12\u003c/sub\u003e and total cobamides. Therefore, our results suggest that vitamin B\u003csub\u003e12\u003c/sub\u003e and total cobamides are unlikely to explain the lower efficacy of \u003cem\u003eAsparagopsis\u003c/em\u003e and bromoform preparations at inhibiting methanogenesis \u003cem\u003ein vivo\u003c/em\u003e with high fiber diets. However, published results on the \u003cem\u003ein vivo\u003c/em\u003e temporal dynamics of bromoform, dibromomethane, and bromomethane in the rumen of animals supplemented \u003cem\u003eAsparagopsis\u003c/em\u003e and bromoform preparations are still needed to fully evaluate this possibility.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Interaction of vitamin B12 with bromoform, other halogenated methane analogs, and Asparagopsis, on methanogenesis in mixed rumen cultures","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2026-04-07 08:13:38","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9327205/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"9604a4bf-472a-4032-8e0a-7c93fde2b8f2","owner":[],"postedDate":"April 7th, 2026","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[{"id":65749993,"name":"Animal Science"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-04-07T08:13:38+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2026-04-07 08:13:38","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-9327205","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-9327205","identity":"rs-9327205","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}