Wild Mushroom (Daedalea sp) as Biosource for Silver Nanoparticles: From Synthesis to Enhance antimicrobial, Biomedical & Environmental Applications

The current study presents novel, green, and mycosynthesized silver nanoparticles (NPs) for various biomedical and environmental applications, using the biosource Daedalea sp . In the study, AgNO3 was converted into stable elemental silver (Ag0) at a nanometric scale using a aqueous extract of Daedalea sp mushroom. The NPs were extremely pure and stable, with an average size of 24.3 nm and an irregular morphology. A wide range of biomedical applications, such as bactericidal, fungicidal, leishmaniasis, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and biocompatibility studies, made use of the characterized nanoparticles. Our research revealed that MDR bacterial strains and spore-forming fungal strains were both highly responsive to Daedalea sp mediated AgNPs. All of the tested UTI bacterial isolates were resistant to non-coated antibiotics, but by adding 1% of the synthesized AgNPs, the antibiotics' bactericidal potential was greatly increased. The NPs also demonstrated dose-dependent cytotoxic activity against Leishmania Tropica, with significant LC50 values for promastigote and amastigote parasites of 248 and 251 g/mL, respectively. Additionally, significant inhibition of -amylase, -glucosidase, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and butrylcholineterase (BChE) were noted, suggesting possible disease and anti-diabetic effects. Additionally, the particles' remarkable biocompatibility with human red blood cells was discovered. The photocatalytic activity of mycosynthesized AgNPs resulted in 98.2% degradation of indigo carmine dye in 140 minutes. Daedalea sp AgNPs can be used as novel candidates for a variety of biomedical and environmental applications due to their eco-friendly synthesis, biosafe nature, and excellent physicochemical properties.