Evaluation of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, intracellular cell adhesion molecule-1 and E-selectin levels in preeclampsia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Abstract BackgroundSoluble adhesive molecules are potential mediators of endothelial dysfunction in preeclampsia. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between pre-eclampsia and maternal circulation vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), Intracellular cell adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) and E-selectin.MethodsVCAM-1, ICAM-1 and E-selectin studies of maternal circulation in preeclampsia and normal pregnant women were reported by systematic literature search in PubMed (Medline), with 21 eligible reports. The standardized mean difference (MD) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated as random effect analysis of association among studies.ResultsPreeclampsia is associated with elevated VCAM-1 [mean difference (MD) = 1.17 ng/ml, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.85-1.50 ng/ml], and E-Selectin (MD = 2.18ng/ml, 95% CI 1.16-3.20ng/ml), but not associated with ICAM-1 (MD= 0.43ng/ml, 95% CI -0.03-0.90ng/ml). In the subgroup analysis of mild and severe preeclampsia, VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and E-selectin all showed increased levels compared with normal pregnancy women.ConclusionThe meta-analyses have shown elevated VCAM-1 and E-selectin levels in the circulation of pregnant women with preeclampsia.