the incidence rate and prognostic factors of heart failure-related adverse events in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction: heart failure is a common comorbidities of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy（HCM）, The mortality and hospitalization rates of heart failure-related in patients with HCM is constantly increasing，However, Prognosis and risk assessment of heart failure-related adverse events（HF-RAEs）in patients with HCM is controversial. Therefore, this study aimed to systematically review and conduct a meta-analysis of the incidence rate and predictors of HF-RAEs in patients with HCM. Methods: PubMed, Embase, Web of science, and Cochrane library were searched to identify studies that compared the incidence rate and predictors of HF-RAEs in patients with HCM. The outcomes of interest included the incidence rate and predictors of HF-RAEs, such as sex, atrial fibrillation, hypertension, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left atrial diameter. Results: fourteen studies comprising 6,903 patients were included. The pooled results showed a higher incidence (11%) of HF-RAEs in patients with HCM. Some clinical and imaging parameters, such as male gender (HR = 1.963, 95% CI (1.354, 2.847)), atrial fibrillation（HR=2.60,95%CI（1.87,3.61））, left atrial diameter (HR = 1.06, 95% CI (1.04, 1.07)) ,and LVEF (HR=0.96,95%CI(0.95,0.97)) could be used as predictors of the occurrence of HF-RAEs in patients with HCM, while hypertension (HR=1.47,95%CI (0.99,2.20) could not. Conclusion: Patients with HCM have a higher incidence of HF-RAEs. Clinical indicators, as well as imaging parameters could predict the risk of HF-RAEs in patients with HCM. These risk factors should be closely monitored to effectively prevent the occurrence of HF-RAEs in HCM.