Description ofKlebsiella spallanzaniisp. nov. and ofKlebsiella pasteuriisp. nov

Klebsiella oxytoca causes opportunistic human infections and post-antibiotic haemorrhagic diarrhoea. This Enterobacteriaceae species is genetically heterogeneous and is currently subdivided into seven phylogroups (Ko1 to Ko4, Ko6 to Ko8). Here we investigated the taxonomic status of phylogroups Ko3 and Ko4. Genomic sequence-based phylogenetic analyses demonstrate that Ko3 and Ko4 formed well-defined sequence clusters related to, but distinct from, Klebsiella michiganensis (Ko1), Klebsiella oxytoca (Ko2), K. huaxiensis (Ko8) and K. grimontii (Ko6). The average nucleotide identity of Ko3 and Ko4 were 90.7% with K. huaxiensis and 95.5% with K. grimontii , respectively. In addition, three strains of K. huaxiensis , a species so far described based on a single strain from a urinary tract infection patient in China, were isolated from cattle and human faeces. Biochemical and MALDI-ToF mass spectrometry analysis allowed differentiating Ko3, Ko4 and Ko8 from the other K. oxytoca species. Based on these results, we propose the names Klebsiella spallanzanii for the Ko3 phylogroup, with SPARK_775_C1 T (CIP 111695 T , DSM 109531 T ) as type strain, and Klebsiella pasteurii for Ko4, with SPARK_836_C1 T (CIP 111696 T , DSM 109530 T ) as type strain. Strains of K. spallanzanii were isolated from human urine, cow faeces and farm surfaces, while strains of K. pasteurii were found in faecal carriage from humans, cows and turtles. Accession numbers The nucleotide sequences generated in this study were deposited in ENA and are available through the INSDC databases under accession numbers MN091365 (SB6411 T = SPARK775C1 T ), MN091366 (SB6412 T = SPARK836C1 T ) and MN104661 to MN104677 (16S rRNA), MN076606 to MN076643 ( gyrA and rpoB ), and MN030558 to MN030567 ( bla OXY ). Complete genomic sequences were submitted to European Nucleotide Archive under the BioProject number PRJEB15325. Abbreviations ANI, average nucleotide identity; HCCA, a-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid; isDDH, in silico DNA-DNA hybridization; SCAI, Simmons citrate agar with inositol; MALDI57 ToF MS: Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry