Construction of a model for adolescent physical and mental health promotion based on the multiple mediating effects of general self-efficacy and sleep duration

We created a model of adolescent physical and mental health promotion to explore the integration pathway of physical activity, mental health, and sleep time promotion among adolescents. The research hypotheses were tested using questionnaires, descriptive statistics, and validated factor analysis. The mean age of the respondents was 14.94 ± 1.76 years, the physical activity level was 2.49 [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.46, 2.53), the general self-efficacy score was 2.60 (95% CI: 2.57, 2.64), the sleep duration was 436.52 min/day (95% CI: 432.89, 440.15), and the total mean mental health score was 1.72 ( 95% CI: 432.89, 440.15) (model fitness index: χ2/df = 1.295, comparative fit index = 0.999, Tucker–Lewis index = 0.997, root mean square error of approximation = 0.014, standardized root mean square residual = 0.007). The sleep duration accounted for 46.85% of the mediating effect. The adolescents included in the study had moderately low physical activity levels, severe sleep duration deficits, and high rates of overall mental health abnormalities. Therefore, the constructed model of adolescent physical and mental health promotion was confirmed to be dependable; general self-efficacy and sleep duration are the adolescent physical activities that play multiple mediating effects in mental health promotion.