A ToBRFV similar to a European isolate in a Mexican greenhouse, its presence in seeds and its inactivation for virus integrated management.

Abstract Tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV) has acquired a general interest after being reported in at least twenty-three countries, causing concerns in the tomato global agro-industry. Therefore, different aspects of integrated management (disease identification, sources of infection, and sanitation procedures) are of paramount importance. Here we report the identification and molecular characterization of a ToBRFV isolate, its genome sequence, and the second one, isolated in Mexico, similar to isolates from the Netherlands and the Middle East. After infection of plants with this viral isolate, we detected its presence in seed coats and derived seedlings at a very low frequency. Furthermore, we could isolate virus-like particles (VLPs) from greenhouse water obtained from wells albeit these particles were not so infective as a crude extract from an infected plant. We also tested the chemical and thermal inactivation of ToBRFV as monitored on Nicotiana rustica detached leaf bioassays.