The Role of Self-efficacy Towards Health-promoting Lifestyle among Patients with Non-communicable Disease: A Systematic Literature Review
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Abstract
Background Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) will be a major cause of death worldwide by 2023. One effective strategy for preventing and managing NCDs is the implementation of health-promoting lifestyle intervention programs. Self-efficacy is a key factor associated with the adoption of health- promoting lifestyle practices. This review aims to examine the role of self-efficacy in fostering health-promoting lifestyles among patients with NCDs. Method A literature search was conducted across three scientific databases — Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science —targeting original articles published in English between 2015 and 2024 that identified health-promoting lifestyle as an outcome. The quality of the eligible articles was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Tools, and the findings were synthesized through content analysis. Results The initial search identified 308 citations. A total of eight studies meeting the criteria of the JBI Critical Appraisal Tools were included, highlighting the direct effects of self-efficacy. Self- efficacy was demonstrated as a positive predictor of health-promoting lifestyle as a whole construct, as well as the physical activity dimension, among patients with NCDs, particularly those with hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and acute stages of cancer. Limitation All included studies were cross-sectional design. Therefore, the evidence quality was relatively low and exhibited a high risk of bias. Furthermore, there was language bias as only English- language publications were selected. Conclusion The findings of this review will guide healthcare providers in enhancing self-efficacy as a crucial positive predictor of health-promoting lifestyles among patients with non-communicable diseases. This approach can be integrated into clinic consultations and intervention programs. Future studies are warranted to evaluate the effectiveness of self-efficacy in improving a health-promoting lifestyle.
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Abstract
Background Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) will be a major cause of death worldwide by 2023. One effective strategy for preventing and managing NCDs is the implementation of health-promoting lifestyle intervention programs. Self-efficacy is a key factor associated with the adoption of health- promoting lifestyle practices. This review aims to examine the role of self-efficacy in fostering health-promoting lifestyles among patients with NCDs.
Method
A literature search was conducted across three scientific databases — Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science —targeting original articles published in English between 2015 and 2024 that identified health-promoting lifestyle as an outcome. The quality of the eligible articles was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Tools, and the findings were synthesized through content analysis.
Results
The initial search identified 308 citations. A total of eight studies meeting the criteria of the JBI Critical Appraisal Tools were included, highlighting the direct effects of self-efficacy. Self- efficacy was demonstrated as a positive predictor of health-promoting lifestyle as a whole construct, as well as the physical activity dimension, among patients with NCDs, particularly those with hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and acute stages of cancer.
Limitation
All included studies were cross-sectional design. Therefore, the evidence quality was relatively low and exhibited a high risk of bias. Furthermore, there was language bias as only English- language publications were selected.
Conclusion
The findings of this review will guide healthcare providers in enhancing self-efficacy as a crucial positive predictor of health-promoting lifestyles among patients with non-communicable diseases. This approach can be integrated into clinic consultations and intervention programs. Future studies are warranted to evaluate the effectiveness of self-efficacy in improving a health-promoting lifestyle.
Competing Interest Statement
The authors have declared no competing interest.
Funding Statement
The author(s) received no specific funding for this work.
Author Declarations
I confirm all relevant ethical guidelines have been followed, and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained.
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The details of the IRB/oversight body that provided approval or exemption for the research described are given below:
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I confirm that all necessary patient/participant consent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived, and that any patient/participant/sample identifiers included were not known to anyone (e.g., hospital staff, patients or participants themselves) outside the research group so cannot be used to identify individuals.
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I understand that all clinical trials and any other prospective interventional studies must be registered with an ICMJE-approved registry, such as ClinicalTrials.gov. I confirm that any such study reported in the manuscript has been registered and the trial registration ID is provided (note: if posting a prospective study registered retrospectively, please provide a statement in the trial ID field explaining why the study was not registered in advance).
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I have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines, such as any relevant EQUATOR Network research reporting checklist(s) and other pertinent material, if applicable.
Yes
Data Availability
All relevant data are within the manuscript and its Supporting Information files.
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