The Differential Outcomes Procedure for improving the recognition of dynamic facial expressions of emotion in people with autism spectrum disorders and first-degree relatives

The Differential Outcomes Procedure for improving the recognition of dynamic facial expressions of emotion in people with autism spectrum disorders and first-degree relatives | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article The Differential Outcomes Procedure for improving the recognition of dynamic facial expressions of emotion in people with autism spectrum disorders and first-degree relatives Ángel García-Pérez, Antonio González-Rodríguez, Marta Godoy-Giménez, and 3 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4862428/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 23 Dec, 2024 Read the published version in Psychological Research → Version 1 posted 9 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Previous research highlights impairments in the recognition of facial expression of emotion in individuals diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Relatives of people with ASD may exhibit similar, albeit subtler, impairments, referred to as the Broad Autism Phenotype (BAP). Recently, the Differential outcomes procedure (DOP) has been shown to enhance this ability in young adults using dynamic stimuli, with fewer intensity levels required to identify fear and surprise. The present study aimed to extend these findings to adult diagnosed with ASD (ASD group), and relatives of people diagnosed with ASD (BAP group). A Bayesian Generalized Linear Model was employed for statistical inference. The results indicated that the ASD DOP group performed worse than the BAP DOP group in fear trials. The social dimension of autism negatively impacted performance in some conditions, while positive relationships were found between the repetitive behavior dimension and performance for the ASD group. The opposite pattern was observed in the BAP group. These results suggest the importance of considering different dimensions of autism when conducting research on its relationship with other variables. Finally, participants in both ASD and BAP groups required less intensity to identify certain emotions when the DOP was applied, highlighting its potential utility for improving dynamic facial emotion recognition. Differential outcomes procedure Bayesian Linear Model Autism Broad Autism Phenotype Recognition of facial expressions of emotion Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Supplementary Files OnlineResource1.pdf Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 23 Dec, 2024 Read the published version in Psychological Research → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 10 Nov, 2024 Reviews received at journal 09 Nov, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 30 Oct, 2024 Reviews received at journal 05 Sep, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 19 Aug, 2024 Reviewers invited by journal 14 Aug, 2024 Editor assigned by journal 14 Aug, 2024 Submission checks completed at journal 06 Aug, 2024 First submitted to journal 05 Aug, 2024 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4862428","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":347427518,"identity":"7fa24102-8b5f-4237-a517-e3bcff2e3966","order_by":0,"name":"Ángel García-Pérez","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Almería","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ángel","middleName":"","lastName":"García-Pérez","suffix":""},{"id":347427519,"identity":"a6c343d5-2a3e-48cc-bbba-ef94827eabf3","order_by":1,"name":"Antonio González-Rodríguez","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Almería","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Antonio","middleName":"","lastName":"González-Rodríguez","suffix":""},{"id":347427520,"identity":"c75b893d-5d50-47a6-9b15-419a69bfb56e","order_by":2,"name":"Marta Godoy-Giménez","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Almería","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Marta","middleName":"","lastName":"Godoy-Giménez","suffix":""},{"id":347427521,"identity":"3ce23b79-a1ea-4f33-8770-5d275473b22d","order_by":3,"name":"Pablo Sayans-Jiménez","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Almería","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Pablo","middleName":"","lastName":"Sayans-Jiménez","suffix":""},{"id":347427522,"identity":"b646a218-eaa8-48a6-a49b-0e778180a11d","order_by":4,"name":"Fernando Cañadas","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Almería","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Fernando","middleName":"","lastName":"Cañadas","suffix":""},{"id":347427523,"identity":"0b7054cf-ef9f-4bfc-9949-b70f5fdd5c83","order_by":5,"name":"Ángeles F. 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