Removal of Aluminum (Iii) From Synthetic Acid Mine Drainage Through Adsorption Using Loose and 3d- Printed Philippine Natural Zeolite

Removal of Aluminum (Iii) From Synthetic Acid Mine Drainage Through Adsorption Using Loose and 3d- Printed Philippine Natural Zeolite | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Removal of Aluminum (Iii) From Synthetic Acid Mine Drainage Through Adsorption Using Loose and 3d- Printed Philippine Natural Zeolite Rowlan Joseph Guia, Liza Bautista-Patacsil, Myra Borines, Monet Concepcion Detras, and 1 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7257865/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Zeolite is proven to be an effective material for applications in adsorption, such as in heavy metal removal from wastewater. In these types of applications, zeolite has typically been used in a granular form packed in a fixed column bed. This study evaluated the effectiveness of commercial Philippine Natural Zeolite (PNZ) as an adsorbent for Al (III). This study also investigated the feasibility of incorporating zeolite into 3D-printed monoliths for use in the adsorption of Al (III) from synthetically produced acid mine drainage (AMD) solution. A 3D-printed permeable reactive barrier (PRB) was fabricated via direct ink writing (DIW) using an Eazao Bio 3D printer with a nozzle diameter of 1.2 mm, printing speed of 11 mm/s, and extrusion pressure of 0.4 MPa. The maximum removal capacity of the powdered commercial Philippine Natural Zeolite (PNZ) was found to be 85.520% ± 0.057%. The equilibrium time for the adsorption of Al (III) using commercial Philippine Natural Zeolite (PNZ) was at 60 minutes. For the 3D-printed permeable reactive barrier (PRB), the removal capacity of a single permeable reactive barrier (PRB) was approximately 34.231% ± 0.012%. The highest removal capacity was obtained using 3 permeable reactive barrier (PRB), removing 99.150% ± 0.071% of the initial Al (III) concentration. adsorption permeable reactive barrier zeolite aluminum acid mine drainage Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7257865","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":495592308,"identity":"c3536305-6af4-4a42-a7fc-3a173fd614bd","order_by":0,"name":"Rowlan Joseph Guia","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAv0lEQVRIiWNgGAWjYLCCBAYbMC0BZhOpJY1ULQwMh0nQYt5+/JrEg5rzidsZmA/e5mG4k0dQi8yZnDKJhGO3E3c2sCVb8zA8KyaoRYIhJ00ige124oYDPGbSPAyHExsIauF/A9Ty7xxQC/83IrVIpB+TSGw7ALKFjVgtb5gtEvuSjXc2sxlbzjF4RozD0h/e/PHNTnY7e/PDG28q7hDWwsDAYwCmDJjB5AHCGhgY2B9AtEB4RGkZBaNgFIyCEQYA3xk+BzZFIw8AAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"","institution":"University of the Philippines Los Baños","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Rowlan","middleName":"Joseph","lastName":"Guia","suffix":""},{"id":495592310,"identity":"7e11a738-d549-47aa-b98a-214d91996981","order_by":1,"name":"Liza Bautista-Patacsil","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of the Philippines Los Baños","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Liza","middleName":"","lastName":"Bautista-Patacsil","suffix":""},{"id":495592312,"identity":"4320d2fb-ca69-4b39-8ec6-2690a8961e1c","order_by":2,"name":"Myra Borines","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of the Philippines Los Baños","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Myra","middleName":"","lastName":"Borines","suffix":""},{"id":495592314,"identity":"474042db-b651-425f-84a4-04c17325f868","order_by":3,"name":"Monet Concepcion Detras","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of the Philippines Los Baños","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Monet","middleName":"Concepcion","lastName":"Detras","suffix":""},{"id":495592316,"identity":"73c14644-ae77-4b42-bf2f-182dd636a99f","order_by":4,"name":"Ramon Christian Eusebio","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of the Philippines Los Baños","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ramon","middleName":"Christian","lastName":"Eusebio","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-07-31 04:23:16","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7257865/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7257865/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":92597359,"identity":"748d81ab-8264-4b7c-92f8-42628f6f8c69","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-10-01 13:32:12","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":804963,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"GuiaREMOVALOFALUMINUMIIIFROMSYNTHETICACIDMINEDRAINAGETHROUGHADSORPTIONUSINGLOOSEAND3DPRINTEDPHILIPPINENATURALZEOLITE.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7257865/v1_covered_92167351-db8e-4f48-9c12-2edd92a9d841.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003eRemoval of Aluminum (Iii) From Synthetic Acid Mine Drainage Through Adsorption Using Loose and 3d- Printed Philippine Natural Zeolite\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"adsorption, permeable reactive barrier, zeolite, aluminum, acid mine drainage","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7257865/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7257865/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eZeolite is proven to be an effective material for applications in adsorption, such as in heavy metal removal from wastewater. In these types of applications, zeolite has typically been used in a granular form packed in a fixed column bed. This study evaluated the effectiveness of commercial Philippine Natural Zeolite (PNZ) as an adsorbent for Al (III). This study also investigated the feasibility of incorporating zeolite into 3D-printed monoliths for use in the adsorption of Al (III) from synthetically produced acid mine drainage (AMD) solution. A 3D-printed permeable reactive barrier (PRB) was fabricated via direct ink writing (DIW) using an Eazao Bio 3D printer with a nozzle diameter of 1.2 mm, printing speed of 11 mm/s, and extrusion pressure of 0.4 MPa. The maximum removal capacity of the powdered commercial Philippine Natural Zeolite (PNZ) was found to be 85.520% \u0026plusmn; 0.057%. The equilibrium time for the adsorption of Al (III) using commercial Philippine Natural Zeolite (PNZ) was at 60 minutes. For the 3D-printed permeable reactive barrier (PRB), the removal capacity of a single permeable reactive barrier (PRB) was approximately 34.231% \u0026plusmn; 0.012%. 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