The effect of post-annealing on the performance of the Cu2 ZnSnS4 solar cells

The effect of post-annealing on the performance of the Cu2 ZnSnS4 solar cells | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article The effect of post-annealing on the performance of the Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 solar cells Mungunshagai Gansukh, Filipe Martinho, Moises Espindola, Sara Engberg, and 2 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4502538/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 27 Aug, 2024 Read the published version in Scientific Reports → Version 1 posted 11 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 (CZTS) solar cells commonly undergo post-annealing treatments to enhance their performance. Yet, multiple concurrent effects, including Cu-Zn disorder, Na diffusion from the back contact, CZTS grain boundary passivation, and elemental inter-diffusion at the CdS/CZTS interface, can occur simultaneously during post-annealing, making it challenging to isolate their specific influence on device performance. To address this complexity, we have utilized fully Cu-Zn-disordered CZTS absorbers to eliminate the influence of Cu-Zn disorder in this work. Post-annealing experiments conducted at 120 to 300 0 C under nitrogen and air atmospheres aim to decouple and assess the impact of different annealing conditions on CZTS solar cell performance. Our findings suggest that the optimal post-annealing might be a combined effect of two distinct processes: CZTS absorber surface passivation occurring at 3250 C and CdS crystallization at 225 0 C. Hence, the improvement in device performance could result from multiple concurrent mechanisms occurring at different temperatures. Earth and environmental sciences/Space physics/Solar physics Physical sciences/Energy science and technology/Renewable energy/Solar energy/Photovoltaics/Solar cells Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Supplementary Files SupplementaryFile.pdf Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 27 Aug, 2024 Read the published version in Scientific Reports → Version 1 posted Reviews received at journal 30 Jul, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 22 Jul, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 22 Jul, 2024 Reviews received at journal 29 Jun, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 07 Jun, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 05 Jun, 2024 Reviewers invited by journal 05 Jun, 2024 Editor assigned by journal 31 May, 2024 Editor invited by journal 31 May, 2024 Submission checks completed at journal 30 May, 2024 First submitted to journal 30 May, 2024 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4502538","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":311937319,"identity":"d6521b1f-94bf-4432-ab24-992bea3077fe","order_by":0,"name":"Mungunshagai Gansukh","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Mongolian University of Science and Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Mungunshagai","middleName":"","lastName":"Gansukh","suffix":""},{"id":311937320,"identity":"65c42054-8207-48a1-a7ee-f0d4e57bcdd9","order_by":1,"name":"Filipe Martinho","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Technical University of 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