Cardiometabolic Effects of Cinnamomum burmannii, Physalis angulata, and Eleutherine bulbosa Combined Extracts in Hypercholesterolemic–Diabetic–Hypertensive Rats

Cardiometabolic Effects of Cinnamomum burmannii, Physalis angulata, and Eleutherine bulbosa Combined Extracts in Hypercholesterolemic–Diabetic–Hypertensive Rats | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Cardiometabolic Effects of Cinnamomum burmannii, Physalis angulata, and Eleutherine bulbosa Combined Extracts in Hypercholesterolemic–Diabetic–Hypertensive Rats Fauzan Azima, Novizar Novizar, Yusrawati Yusrawati, Daimon Syukri, and 5 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-9537257/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension are major global health concerns and key components of metabolic syndrome, driven by oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction. The complex pathophysiology of these conditions has driven increasing interest in multi-target natural therapeutics. Although individual medicinal plants exhibit therapeutic potential, the efficacy of multi-herbal combinations targeting multiple pathological pathways remains underexplored. This study evaluated the protective effects of a combined ethanol extract of Cinnamomum burmannii, Physalis angulata, and Eleutherine bulbosa (CPEE) in a rat model of hypercholesterolemia-diabetes-hypertension (HDH). Fifty-six male Wistar rats were divided into eight groups (n = 7). Hypercholesterolemia was induced using HFD, diabetes via alloxan (120 mg/kg, i.p.), and hypertension through L-NAME (20 mg/kg, i.p.). HDH rat model was established through sequential induction. Following model induction, rats were orally treated with CPEE (90 mg/kg) for 3 weeks. Metabolic parameters assessed included fasting blood glucose (FBG), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, lipid profile, body and organ weights, and histopathology of the pancreas, kidney, and liver. CPEE demonstrated antioxidant activity (IC₅₀ = 82.49 ± 0.14 ppm) and significantly improved metabolic parameters, including reductions in FBG, blood pressure, and lipid profile levels compared to baseline and post-induction values. These effects attenuated body weight loss and partially normalized organ weights. Histopathological examination showed that CPEE treatment ameliorated pancreatic islet degeneration, renal structural damage, and hepatic vacuolar degeneration with inflammatory infiltration, although tissue architecture was not fully restored. In conclusion, CPEE demonstrates protective effects through multi-target mechanism, suggesting its potential as a complementary therapeutic agent for metabolic syndrome. C. burmannii P. angulata E. bulbosa Rat model Metabolic syndrome Histopathology Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-9537257","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":633825146,"identity":"34771146-b061-4a02-9029-5fddbd697484","order_by":0,"name":"Fauzan 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The complex pathophysiology of these conditions has driven increasing interest in multi-target natural therapeutics. Although individual medicinal plants exhibit therapeutic potential, the efficacy of multi-herbal combinations targeting multiple pathological pathways remains underexplored. This study evaluated the protective effects of a combined ethanol extract of Cinnamomum burmannii, Physalis angulata, and Eleutherine bulbosa (CPEE) in a rat model of hypercholesterolemia-diabetes-hypertension (HDH). Fifty-six male Wistar rats were divided into eight groups (n = 7). Hypercholesterolemia was induced using HFD, diabetes via alloxan (120 mg/kg, i.p.), and hypertension through L-NAME (20 mg/kg, i.p.). HDH rat model was established through sequential induction. Following model induction, rats were orally treated with CPEE (90 mg/kg) for 3 weeks. Metabolic parameters assessed included fasting blood glucose (FBG), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, lipid profile, body and organ weights, and histopathology of the pancreas, kidney, and liver. CPEE demonstrated antioxidant activity (IC₅₀ = 82.49 ± 0.14 ppm) and significantly improved metabolic parameters, including reductions in FBG, blood pressure, and lipid profile levels compared to baseline and post-induction values. These effects attenuated body weight loss and partially normalized organ weights. Histopathological examination showed that CPEE treatment ameliorated pancreatic islet degeneration, renal structural damage, and hepatic vacuolar degeneration with inflammatory infiltration, although tissue architecture was not fully restored. 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