Prospective analysis of pre and postoperative laboratory parameters associated with thrombosis in patients with ovarian cancer

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We aimed to investigate laboratory parameters associated with thrombosis including deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary thromboembolism in patients treated for ovarian cancer. Methods We collected pre and post operative blood samples from 133 patients undergoing surgery for ovarian cancer at National Cancer Center, Korea between December 2021 and August 2022. The measured parameters were white blood cell (WBC) count, hemoglobin, platelets, monocytes, serum glucose, CA125, D-dimer, fibrinogen, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), fibrinogen degradation products (FDP), antithrombin III, protein C, protein S, plasminogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), homocysteine, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), thrombopoietin (TPO), soluble P-selectin and granulocyte stimulating factor (G-CSF). Body mass index (BMI) of patients were collected. Differences between patients who developed thrombosis and those without were compared with Wilcoxon rank-sum test and we analyzed the continuous variables using logistic regression. Results Twenty-one (15.8%) patients developed thrombosis ranging from 6 to 146 days (median 15 days) after surgery. FIGO stage, age and BMI were not significantly different among the two groups. Pre operative values of homocysteine (p = 0.033) and IL-6 (p = 0.043) were significantly increased and post operative aPTT (p = 0.022) was prolonged and plasminogen (p = 0.041) was decreased in patients with thrombosis. Conclusions Pre operative homocysteine, IL-6 and post operative aPTT, plasminogen were associated with thrombosis in ovarian cancer patients. Ovarian cancer Thrombosis Pulmonary thromboembolism Laboratory parameters Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Background Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a major cause of morbidity in cancer patients and ovarian cancer is associated with one of the highest incidence rates of VTE [ 1 ]. Patients with ovarian cancer have several disease and treatment related features that are recognized as risk factors. The tumor arises within the pelvis and patients undergo abdominopelvic surgery as a part of the definitive treatment of the disease [ 2 ]. D-dimer levels are often elevated in ovarian cancer patients [ 3 ] and overexpression of tissue factors associated with elevated D-dimer levels is believed to be a factor promoting a hypercoagulable stage in ovarian cancer [ 4 ]. Much of the data on various risk factors are confounded by studies that comprise heterogenous patient populations of multiple cancer types with varying disease and treatment associated factors. In this study, we therefore aimed to chart the patients who have undergone surgery for ovarian cancer and evaluate pre and post operative biomarkers that may predict the development of VTE throughout the course of their treatment. Materials and methods We collected preoperative (morning routine sample on the day of surgery) and postoperative (morning sample done on one day after the surgery) blood samples from 133 patients undergoing surgery for ovarian cancer at National Cancer Center, Korea between December 2021 and August 2022. The measured parameters were white blood cell (WBC;/uL), hemoglobin (g/dL), platelets (/uL), monocytes (%), serum glucose (mg/dL), CA125 (U/mL), D-dimer (ug/mL), fibrinogen (mg/dL), prothrombin time (PT; seconds), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT; seconds), fibrinogen degradation products (FDP; ug/mL), antithrombin III (%), protein C activity (%), protein S activity (%), plasminogen (%), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1; ng/mL)), homocysteine (umol/L), N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP; pg/mL), interleukin 6 (IL-6; pg/mL), thrombopoietin (TPO; pg/mL), soluble P-selectin (ng/mL) and granulocyte stimulating factor (G-CSF; pg/mL). Body mass index (BMI; kg/m 2 ) of patients were collected. Diagnosis of thrombosis was confirmed with computed tomography, angiography and 3D venography. Clinical parameters of patients with and without thrombosis were compared using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test and Fisher's exact test, and laboratory parameters were analyzed using logistic regression. This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the National Cancer Center in Korea (IRB No. NCC2021-0059). Results Twenty-one (15.8%) patients developed thrombosis. FIGO (the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) stage III was most common (54.1%) and high grade serous carcinoma was the most common histology type (74.4%) (Table.1). Patients’ age ranged from 24 to 83 years with median age of 57. FIGO stage (p = 0.124), histology type (p = 0.861), BMI (p-0.377) and age (p = 0.961) were not significantly different among the two groups. Although FIGO stage was analyzed to be statistically insignificant, 20 patients (95.2%) among 21 patients with thrombosis were in stage III-IV. Among the 21 patients, 5 patients developed VTE in splenic vein and 4 of them had splenectomy during the surgery. Pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) was detected in 4 patients. VTE developed after 6 to 146 days after surgery with median of 15 days. The site and postoperative date of each case are listed in Table.2. Three patients had experienced lymphedema prior to confirmation of thrombosis on imaging studies. Preoperative values of homocysteine (p = 0.033) and IL-6 (p = 0.043) were significantly increased in univariable logistic regression analysis (Table 3). In postoperative setting, aPTT (p = 0.022) was significantly prolonged and plasminogen (p = 0.041) was decreased in patients with thrombosis (Table.4). IL-6 was not evaluable in postoperative setting since it was increased beyond quantifiable range in all patients after surgery. Discussion In this study, we selected the test items from our previous research (paper under review) based on more than three thousand patients in our institute. We included biomarkers associated with coagulation such as PT, aPTT, D-dimer, FDP, fibrinogen, plasminogen, PAI-1 and natural anticoagulants such as ATIII, protein C and protein S activity. Soluble P-selectin [ 5 ], homocysteine [ 6 ], NT-proBNP [ 7 ] were biomarkers previously published to be related to venous thromboembolism. IL-6, G-CSF and TPO were studied in mouse models to be associated with thrombosis in ovarian cancer [ 8 ]. In this study preoperative homocysteine was significantly increased in patients with thrombosis. Epidemiologic studies have shown that elevated plasma levels of homocysteine are independently associated with cardiovascular diseases, including venous thromboembolism and atherosclerotic arterial diseases such as myocardial infarction and stoke [ 9 ]. Homocysteine is a structural intermediate generated during the synthesis of cysteine from methionine and mechanistic studies have shown that homocysteine can exert a variety of effects to promote thrombosis including increased expression of adhesion molecules, cytokines, tissue factor and coagulation factor, inhibition of fibrinolysis, disruption of nitric oxide metabolism and increased platelet reactivity [ 6 ]. However, mouse studies have revealed that hyperhomocysteinemia, in itself, is not sufficient to promote thrombosis [ 10 ]. Rather, other factors associated with abnormal homocysteine metabolism may be responsible for the propensity to thrombosis. Several studies have shown that leukocytosis and thrombocytosis were frequently observed in patients with tumors and it is due to the increased level of IL-6 expressed in the tumor. Our study revealed that the patients with thrombosis had higher level of preoperative IL-6 level. However, WBC and platelets were not significantly increased in the thrombosis group. In our study, postoperative aPTT was significantly prolonged in thrombosis group. Prolonged aPTT and normal PT means that the defect lies within the intrinsic coagulation pathway and prolonged aPTT in the setting of thrombosis may reflect the presence of a lupus anticoagulant [ 11 ]. Although anticoagulants were administered to all patients after the surgery, patients who developed thrombosis showed significantly prolonged postoperative aPTT whereas preoperative aPTT level had not shown the difference. Therefore, presence of anticoagulant can be ruled out. Another hypothesis can be that prolonged aPTT which represents bleeding, may have caused rebound hypercoagulable state and caused thrombosis. Postoperative plasminogen was decreased in thrombosis group. Plasmin is an important enzyme present in blood that degrades many blood plasma proteins including fibrin clots and is released as a zymogen called plasminogen [ 12 ]. Plasminogen is necessary for removal of any clots which may start to form thrombosis. There are a few studies evaluating the fibrinolytic system in cancer-associated thrombosis. One study found that patients with DVT had prolonged clot lysis time compared to healthy controls [ 13 ], and a case-control study found that higher levels of active PAI-1 were observed in VTE patients compared with controls [ 14 ]. Our study showed no difference in PAI-1 but decreased plasminogen level in thrombosis group. Although the study is done on a limited number of patients, this study consists of a single type of cancer and samples from a consistent time point during the treatment. It is important to find novel biomarkers for thrombosis, considering that patients had still developed thrombosis despite preventive measures including oral anticoagulants and elastic stockings were applied. Declarations Ethical Approval This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the National Cancer Center in Korea (IRB No. NCC2021-0059). Competing interests All authors declare no competing interests. Authors’ contributions Concept and design: HE Shim, Analysis and interpretation of data: DE Lee, Critical writing or revising the intellectual content: YJ Lee, JH Kim, MC Lim, SY Park, MH Kwak, Final approval of the version to be published: SY Kong Funding This study was funded by the National Cancer Center, Korea (Grant No.2111020), and the National Research Foundation of Korea (Grant No.2020R1A2C2010566). Availability of data and materials Data will be provided based on its usage. References Khorana AA, Kuderer NM, Culakova E, Lyman GH, Francis CW. Development and validation of a predictive model for chemotherapy-associated thrombosis. Blood. 2008;111:4902–7. Metcalf RL, Fry DJ, Swindell R, McGurk A, Clamp AR, Jayson GC, et al. Thrombosis in ovarian cancer: a case control study. Br J Cancer. 2014;110:1118–24. Satoh T, Oki A, Uno K, Sakurai M, Ochi H, Okada S, et al. High incidence of silent venous thromboembolism before treatment in ovarian cancer. Br J Cancer. 2007;97:1053–7. Uno K, Homma S, Satoh T, Nakanishi K, Abe D, Matsumoto K, et al. Tissue factor expression as a possible determinant of thromboembolism in ovarian cancer. Br J Cancer. 2007;96:290–5. Ay C, Simanek R, Vormittag R, Dunkler D, Alguel G, Koder S, et al. High plasma levels of soluble P-selectin are predictive of venous thromboembolism in cancer patients: results from the Vienna Cancer and Thrombosis Study (CATS). Blood. 2008;112:2703–8. Undas A, Brozek J, Szczeklik A. Homocysteine and thrombosis: from basic science to clinical evidence. Thromb Haemost. 2005;94:907–15. Signorelli SS, Valerio F, Davide C, Oliveri Conti G, Maria F, Ignazio M, et al. Evaluating the Potential of Routine Blood Tests to Identify the Risk of Deep Vein Thrombosis: A 1-Year Monocenter Cohort Study. Angiology. 2017;68:592–7. Hisada Y, Mackman N. Cancer-associated pathways and biomarkers of venous thrombosis. Blood. 2017;130:1499–506. Homocysteine Studies C. Homocysteine and risk of ischemic heart disease and stroke: a meta-analysis. JAMA. 2002;288:2015–22. Dayal S, Wilson KM, Leo L, Arning E, Bottiglieri T, Lentz SR. Enhanced susceptibility to arterial thrombosis in a murine model of hyperhomocysteinemia. Blood. 2006;108:2237–43. Deitcher SR, Carman TL, Kottke-Marchant K. Simultaneous deep venous thrombosis and acquired factor VIII inhibitor. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2002;8:375–9. Miyata T, Iwanaga S, Sakata Y, Aoki N. Plasminogen Tochigi: inactive plasmin resulting from replacement of alanine-600 by threonine in the active site. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982;79:6132–6. Lisman T, de Groot PG, Meijers JC, Rosendaal FR. Reduced plasma fibrinolytic potential is a risk factor for venous thrombosis. Blood. 2005;105:1102–5. Bollen L, Peetermans M, Peeters M, Van Steen K, Hoylaerts MF, Declerck PJ, et al. Active PAI-1 as marker for venous thromboembolism: case-control study using a comprehensive panel of PAI-1 and TAFI assays. Thromb Res. 2014;134:1097–102. Tables Table.1 Patient characteristics Total Thrombosis P-value No Yes N=133 N=112 N=21 Diagnosis - ovarian cancer 125 (93.98%) 106 (94.64%) 19 (90.48%) Endometrial cancer 1 (0.75%) 1 (0.89%) 0 (0%) Fallopian tubal cancer 1 (0.75%) 0 (0%) 1 (4.76%) Primary peritoneal carcinoma 6 (4.51%) 5 (4.46%) 1 (4.76%) FIGO stage I 13 (9.77%) 12 (10.71%) 1 (4.76%) II 12 (9.02%) 12 (10.71%) 0 (0%) III 72 (54.14%) 58 (51.79%) 14 (66.67%) IV 36 (27.07%) 30 (26.79%) 6 (28.57%) FIGO stage 0.124 I-II 25 (18.8%) 24 (21.43%) 1 (4.76%) III-IV 108 (81.2%) 88 (78.57%) 20 (95.24%) Histology - HGSC 99 (74.44%) 83 (74.11%) 16 (76.19%) Clear cell CA 12 (9.02%) 10 (8.93%) 2 (9.52%) Endometrioid CA 9 (6.77%) 8 (7.14%) 1 (4.76%) Mucinous CA 5 (3.76%) 4 (3.57%) 1 (4.76%) Carcinosarcoma 4 (3.01%) 3 (2.68%) 1 (0%) LGSC 3 (2.26%) 3 (2.68%) 0 (0%) Granulosa cell tumor 1 (0.75%) 1 (0.89%) 0 (0%) Histology 0.861 HGSC 94 (70.68%) 80 (71.43%) 14 (66.67%) others 39 (29.32%) 32 (28.57%) 7 (33.33%) Age 57 (24-83) 57 (26-83) 59 (24-71) 0.9606 BMI 23.01 (16.44-35.29) 22.91 (16.44-32.47) 23.92 (18.22-35.29) 0.3776 Abbreviations: FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics), HGSC (High grade serous carcinoma), CA (carcinoma), LGSC (Low grade serous carcinoma), BMI (Body mass index) Table.2 Site and postoperative date of developed thrombosis No. Post OP days Site of thrombosis Note 1 6 Splenic vein 2 6 Pulmonary thromboembolism 3 7 Splenic vein Splenectomy 4 7 Pulmonary thromboembolism 5 7 Splenic vein Splenectomy 6 8 Splenic vein Splenectomy 7 8 Splenic vein Splenectomy 8 9 Lt renal vein 9 10 Lower extremities (iliac veins and lower IVC) 10 15 Gonadal vein, internal iliac vein 11 26 Lt int. iliac vein 12 31 Lower extremities (common femoral veins) D16 Lymphedema 13 49 Lower extremities (lt popliteal vein) 14 72 Inferior vena cava D18 Lymphocele 15 74 Bilateral internal iliac and common iliac v. D48 Lymphedema 16 77 Superior Mesenteric Vein (SMV) 17 82 Pulmonary thromboembolism, lt renal vein 18 86 Lower extremities (rt. Int. iliac v.) 19 88 Lower extremities (Lt int. iliac a. and bilateral ovarian v.) D29 Lymphedema 20 110 Cerebral infarction due to unspecified occlusion or stenosis 21 146 Pulmonary thromboembolism Table.3 Preoperative laboratory parameters associated with thrombosis Units Thrombosis Univariable No Yes OR 95% CI P-value N=112 mean (range) N=21 mean (range) P-value Lower Upper Glucose mg/dL 101 (78, 237) 94 (81, 162) 0.0419 0.977 0.946 1.009 0.1589 WBC x103/uL 5.77 (2.34, 12.5) 5.76 (2.55, 9.77) 0.8604 0.927 0.709 1.212 0.5795 Hb g/dL 11.9 (8.2, 15.3) 11.9 (9.7, 13.7) 0.7342 1.055 0.751 1.480 0.7591 PLT x103/uL 252.5 (88, 651) 282 (138, 535) 0.5352 1.001 0.997 1.006 0.5870 Monocyte % 7.2 (0.6, 17) 7.8 (4, 9.8) 0.5535 1.014 0.842 1.223 0.8803 CA125 U/mL 132 (5.9, 25100) 201 (15, 9473) 0.0846 1.000 1.000 1.000 0.7653 D-dimer ug/mL 1.06 (20.0) 2.08 (0.28, >20.0) 0.2872 1.079 0.989 1.177 0.0873 PT sec 13.8 (12, 20.8) 13.9 (12.7, 16.1) 0.6585 1.077 0.652 1.778 0.7719 aPTT sec 44.35 (31.9, 77.8) 46.5 (34.3, 71) 0.2337 1.034 0.976 1.096 0.2562 Fibrinogen mg/dL 360.5 (198, 760) 367 (212, 528) 0.8483 1.000 0.995 1.004 0.8379 FDP ug/mL 3.65 (<2.5, 53.7) 5.45 (<2.5, 57.8) 0.2194 1.032 0.994 1.071 0.0968 ATIII % 86 (35, 110) 87 (68, 108) 0.8670 1.002 0.961 1.044 0.9377 ProteinC activity % 103 (71, 186) 101 (53, 143) 0.3720 0.986 0.961 1.012 0.2879 ProteinS activity % 80 (33, 147) 81 (46, 144) 0.2936 1.013 0.991 1.035 0.2581 Plasminogen % 96 (59, 142) 89.5 (61, 129) 0.1600 0.975 0.944 1.007 0.1314 PAI-1 ng/mL 32.65 (7.9, >97.0) 27.7 (9.7, >96.0) 0.3430 0.993 0.967 1.020 0.6068 Homocysteine umol/L 6.36 (1, 15.62) 7.82 (3.6, 14.71) 0.0673 1.197 1.014 1.412 0.0334 NT-proBNP pg/mL 53.8 (10.0) 6.46 (0.78, >10.0) 0.0885 1.158 1.004 1.336 0.0434 TPO pg/mL 105.2 (<31.3, 690.16) 100.29 (<31.0, 293.48) 0.8483 0.998 0.993 1.003 0.3883 soluble_P-selectin ng/mL 55.14 (18.19, 116.75) 56.59 (15.62, 92.34) 0.4351 0.988 0.965 1.011 0.2939 G-CSF pg/mL 16.05 (4.33, 46.54) 18.4 (6.63, 96.98) 0.1908 1.039 0.999 1.081 0.0567 Abbreviations: WBC (white blood cell), Hb (hemoglobin), PLT (platelet), PT (prothrombin time), aPTT (activated partial thromboplastin time), FDP (fibrinogen degradation products), ATIII (Antithrombin III), PAI-1 (plasminogen activator inhibitor), IL-6 (interleukin 6), TPO (thrombopoietin), G-CSF (Granulocyte colony stimulating factor) Table.4 Postoperative laboratory parameters associated with thrombosis Thrombosis Univariable No Yes OR 95% CI P-value Unit N=112 mean (range) N=21 mean (range) P-value Lower Upper Glucose mg/dL 146 (89, 313) 151 (81, 286) 0.8276 1.002 0.992 1.011 0.7207 WBC x103/uL 9.28 (3.13, 28.2) 9.19 (6.29, 14.9) 0.5850 1.020 0.897 1.161 0.7607 Hb g/dL 10.6 (6.6, 14.4) 11.7 (7.9, 13.3) 0.2800 1.148 0.837 1.575 0.3919 PLT x103/uL 236 (93, 471) 253 (132, 568) 0.6906 1.002 0.997 1.008 0.3454 Monocyte % 6.7 (2.5, 16.7) 6.3 (3.1, 10.2) 0.5478 0.930 0.769 1.124 0.4527 D-dimer ug/mL 2.83 (20.0) 3.24 (1.02, 10.05) 0.2806 1.082 0.912 1.285 0.3663 PT sec 14.4 (12, 19.1) 14.2 (12.6, 18.5) 0.5893 1.209 0.859 1.701 0.2764 aPTT sec 45.8 (29.4, 71.5) 50 (36.5, 65.9) 0.0218 1.082 1.018 1.150 0.0117 Fibrinogen mg/dL 398 (122, 776) 406 (220, 768) 0.9500 1.001 0.997 1.004 0.7114 FDP ug/mL 9.35 (<2.5, 90.7) 11 (4.2, 38.8) 0.1804 1.023 0.982 1.065 0.2716 ATIII % 68 (32, 95) 68 (38, 88) 0.5426 0.982 0.947 1.018 0.3257 ProteinC % 85.5 (46, 131) 80 (47, 113) 0.2271 0.981 0.957 1.007 0.1519 ProteinS % 47 (18, 88) 53 (13, 86) 0.9300 0.998 0.973 1.023 0.8670 Plasminogen % 78.5 (41, 120) 69 (40, 105) 0.0411 0.968 0.940 0.998 0.0367 PAI-1 ng/mL 49.1 (13.6, >98.0) 58.4 (15.2, >97.0) 0.5019 1.007 0.991 1.024 0.3965 Homocysteine umol/L 3.58 (1, 13.63) 4.06 (1, 9.01) 0.3170 1.083 0.901 1.301 0.3943 NT-proBNP pg/mL 123.45 (10.0 (4.8, >10.0) >10.0 (>10.0, >10.0) 0.2422 N/A TPO pg/mL 212.4 (40.8, 2000) 212 (65.5, 452) 0.8204 0.999 0.997 1.001 0.3590 soluble_P-selectin ng/mL 51.9 (22, 125.3) 58.1 (15.6, 103.8) 0.3507 1.008 0.986 1.030 0.4736 G-CSF pg/mL 115 (12.8, >300.0) 132.1 (17.7, >300.0) 0.3780 1.002 0.997 1.006 0.4629 Abbreviations: WBC (white blood cell), Hb (hemoglobin), PLT (platelet), PT (prothrombin time), aPTT (activated partial thromboplastin time), FDP (fibrinogen degradation products), ATIII (Antithrombin III), PAI-1 (plasminogen activator inhibitor), IL-6 (interleukin 6), TPO (thrombopoietin), G-CSF (Granulocyte colony stimulating factor), N/A (not applicable) Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-2888253","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":198534979,"identity":"9f8a95b6-1796-4267-aecc-9d89ffca82ee","order_by":0,"name":"Hyoeun Shim","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"National Cancer Center","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Hyoeun","middleName":"","lastName":"Shim","suffix":""},{"id":198534980,"identity":"028faf16-28d0-4c04-8436-52cb5337ff83","order_by":1,"name":"Ji Hyun Kim","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"National Cancer 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Center","correspondingAuthor":true,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Sun-Young","middleName":"","lastName":"Kong","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2023-05-03 06:29:24","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-2888253/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2888253/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11239-023-02944-1","type":"published","date":"2024-01-28T20:03:08+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":36924712,"identity":"1281a4ad-dd75-4ab9-8fad-c8d4dc336228","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2023-05-12 03:08:50","extension":"jpeg","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":106574,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003ePreoperative laboratory parameters associated with 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20:03:14","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":374601,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-2888253/v1/e3efca75-0ff6-419e-b266-172d61e9602a.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Prospective analysis of pre and postoperative laboratory parameters associated with thrombosis in patients with ovarian cancer","fulltext":[{"header":"Background","content":"\u003cp\u003eVenous thromboembolism (VTE) is a major cause of morbidity in cancer patients and ovarian cancer is associated with one of the highest incidence rates of VTE [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e]. Patients with ovarian cancer have several disease and treatment related features that are recognized as risk factors. The tumor arises within the pelvis and patients undergo abdominopelvic surgery as a part of the definitive treatment of the disease [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e]. D-dimer levels are often elevated in ovarian cancer patients [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e] and overexpression of tissue factors associated with elevated D-dimer levels is believed to be a factor promoting a hypercoagulable stage in ovarian cancer [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMuch of the data on various risk factors are confounded by studies that comprise heterogenous patient populations of multiple cancer types with varying disease and treatment associated factors. In this study, we therefore aimed to chart the patients who have undergone surgery for ovarian cancer and evaluate pre and post operative biomarkers that may predict the development of VTE throughout the course of their treatment.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Materials and methods","content":"\u003cp\u003eWe collected preoperative (morning routine sample on the day of surgery) and postoperative (morning sample done on one day after the surgery) blood samples from 133 patients undergoing surgery for ovarian cancer at National Cancer Center, Korea between December 2021 and August 2022. The measured parameters were white blood cell (WBC;/uL), hemoglobin (g/dL), platelets (/uL), monocytes (%), serum glucose (mg/dL), CA125 (U/mL), D-dimer (ug/mL), fibrinogen (mg/dL), prothrombin time (PT; seconds), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT; seconds), fibrinogen degradation products (FDP; ug/mL), antithrombin III (%), protein C activity (%), protein S activity (%), plasminogen (%), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1; ng/mL)), homocysteine (umol/L), N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP; pg/mL), interleukin 6 (IL-6; pg/mL), thrombopoietin (TPO; pg/mL), soluble P-selectin (ng/mL) and granulocyte stimulating factor (G-CSF; pg/mL). Body mass index (BMI; kg/m\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e) of patients were collected. Diagnosis of thrombosis was confirmed with computed tomography, angiography and 3D venography. Clinical parameters of patients with and without thrombosis were compared using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test and Fisher's exact test, and laboratory parameters were analyzed using logistic regression. This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the National Cancer Center in Korea (IRB No. NCC2021-0059).\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Results","content":"\u003cp\u003eTwenty-one (15.8%) patients developed thrombosis. FIGO (the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) stage III was most common (54.1%) and high grade serous carcinoma was the most common histology type (74.4%) (Table.1). Patients\u0026rsquo; age ranged from 24 to 83 years with median age of 57. FIGO stage (p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.124), histology type (p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.861), BMI (p-0.377) and age (p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.961) were not significantly different among the two groups. Although FIGO stage was analyzed to be statistically insignificant, 20 patients (95.2%) among 21 patients with thrombosis were in stage III-IV.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAmong the 21 patients, 5 patients developed VTE in splenic vein and 4 of them had splenectomy during the surgery. Pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) was detected in 4 patients. VTE developed after 6 to 146 days after surgery with median of 15 days. The site and postoperative date of each case are listed in Table.2. Three patients had experienced lymphedema prior to confirmation of thrombosis on imaging studies.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreoperative values of homocysteine (p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.033) and IL-6 (p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.043) were significantly increased in univariable logistic regression analysis (Table\u0026nbsp;3). In postoperative setting, aPTT (p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.022) was significantly prolonged and plasminogen (p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.041) was decreased in patients with thrombosis (Table.4). IL-6 was not evaluable in postoperative setting since it was increased beyond quantifiable range in all patients after surgery.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003eIn this study, we selected the test items from our previous research (paper under review) based on more than three thousand patients in our institute. We included biomarkers associated with coagulation such as PT, aPTT, D-dimer, FDP, fibrinogen, plasminogen, PAI-1 and natural anticoagulants such as ATIII, protein C and protein S activity. Soluble P-selectin [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e], homocysteine [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e], NT-proBNP [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e] were biomarkers previously published to be related to venous thromboembolism. IL-6, G-CSF and TPO were studied in mouse models to be associated with thrombosis in ovarian cancer [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e8\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn this study preoperative homocysteine was significantly increased in patients with thrombosis. Epidemiologic studies have shown that elevated plasma levels of homocysteine are independently associated with cardiovascular diseases, including venous thromboembolism and atherosclerotic arterial diseases such as myocardial infarction and stoke [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e9\u003c/span\u003e]. Homocysteine is a structural intermediate generated during the synthesis of cysteine from methionine and mechanistic studies have shown that homocysteine can exert a variety of effects to promote thrombosis including increased expression of adhesion molecules, cytokines, tissue factor and coagulation factor, inhibition of fibrinolysis, disruption of nitric oxide metabolism and increased platelet reactivity [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e]. However, mouse studies have revealed that hyperhomocysteinemia, in itself, is not sufficient to promote thrombosis [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e]. Rather, other factors associated with abnormal homocysteine metabolism may be responsible for the propensity to thrombosis.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSeveral studies have shown that leukocytosis and thrombocytosis were frequently observed in patients with tumors and it is due to the increased level of IL-6 expressed in the tumor. Our study revealed that the patients with thrombosis had higher level of preoperative IL-6 level. However, WBC and platelets were not significantly increased in the thrombosis group.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn our study, postoperative aPTT was significantly prolonged in thrombosis group. Prolonged aPTT and normal PT means that the defect lies within the intrinsic coagulation pathway and prolonged aPTT in the setting of thrombosis may reflect the presence of a lupus anticoagulant [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e11\u003c/span\u003e]. Although anticoagulants were administered to all patients after the surgery, patients who developed thrombosis showed significantly prolonged postoperative aPTT whereas preoperative aPTT level had not shown the difference. Therefore, presence of anticoagulant can be ruled out. Another hypothesis can be that prolonged aPTT which represents bleeding, may have caused rebound hypercoagulable state and caused thrombosis.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePostoperative plasminogen was decreased in thrombosis group. Plasmin is an important enzyme present in blood that degrades many blood plasma proteins including fibrin clots and is released as a zymogen called plasminogen [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR12\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e12\u003c/span\u003e]. Plasminogen is necessary for removal of any clots which may start to form thrombosis. There are a few studies evaluating the fibrinolytic system in cancer-associated thrombosis. One study found that patients with DVT had prolonged clot lysis time compared to healthy controls [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e13\u003c/span\u003e], and a case-control study found that higher levels of active PAI-1 were observed in VTE patients compared with controls [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e14\u003c/span\u003e]. Our study showed no difference in PAI-1 but decreased plasminogen level in thrombosis group.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlthough the study is done on a limited number of patients, this study consists of a single type of cancer and samples from a consistent time point during the treatment. It is important to find novel biomarkers for thrombosis, considering that patients had still developed thrombosis despite preventive measures including oral anticoagulants and elastic stockings were applied.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003eEthical Approval\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the National Cancer Center in Korea (IRB No.\u0026nbsp;NCC2021-0059).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCompeting interests\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll authors declare no competing interests.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAuthors’ contributions\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConcept and design: HE Shim, Analysis and interpretation of data: DE Lee, Critical writing or revising the intellectual content: YJ Lee, JH Kim, MC Lim, SY Park, MH Kwak, Final approval of the version to be published: SY Kong\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFunding \u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis study was funded by the National Cancer Center, Korea (Grant No.2111020), and the\u0026nbsp;National Research Foundation of Korea (Grant No.2020R1A2C2010566).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAvailability of data and materials\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eData will be provided based on its usage.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eKhorana AA, Kuderer NM, Culakova E, Lyman GH, Francis CW. Development and validation of a predictive model for chemotherapy-associated thrombosis. Blood. 2008;111:4902\u0026ndash;7.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMetcalf RL, Fry DJ, Swindell R, McGurk A, Clamp AR, Jayson GC, et al. Thrombosis in ovarian cancer: a case control study. Br J Cancer. 2014;110:1118\u0026ndash;24.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSatoh T, Oki A, Uno K, Sakurai M, Ochi H, Okada S, et al. High incidence of silent venous thromboembolism before treatment in ovarian cancer. Br J Cancer. 2007;97:1053\u0026ndash;7.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eUno K, Homma S, Satoh T, Nakanishi K, Abe D, Matsumoto K, et al. Tissue factor expression as a possible determinant of thromboembolism in ovarian cancer. Br J Cancer. 2007;96:290\u0026ndash;5.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAy C, Simanek R, Vormittag R, Dunkler D, Alguel G, Koder S, et al. High plasma levels of soluble P-selectin are predictive of venous thromboembolism in cancer patients: results from the Vienna Cancer and Thrombosis Study (CATS). Blood. 2008;112:2703\u0026ndash;8.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eUndas A, Brozek J, Szczeklik A. Homocysteine and thrombosis: from basic science to clinical evidence. Thromb Haemost. 2005;94:907\u0026ndash;15.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSignorelli SS, Valerio F, Davide C, Oliveri Conti G, Maria F, Ignazio M, et al. Evaluating the Potential of Routine Blood Tests to Identify the Risk of Deep Vein Thrombosis: A 1-Year Monocenter Cohort Study. Angiology. 2017;68:592\u0026ndash;7.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eHisada Y, Mackman N. Cancer-associated pathways and biomarkers of venous thrombosis. Blood. 2017;130:1499\u0026ndash;506.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eHomocysteine Studies C. Homocysteine and risk of ischemic heart disease and stroke: a meta-analysis. JAMA. 2002;288:2015\u0026ndash;22.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eDayal S, Wilson KM, Leo L, Arning E, Bottiglieri T, Lentz SR. Enhanced susceptibility to arterial thrombosis in a murine model of hyperhomocysteinemia. Blood. 2006;108:2237\u0026ndash;43.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eDeitcher SR, Carman TL, Kottke-Marchant K. Simultaneous deep venous thrombosis and acquired factor VIII inhibitor. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2002;8:375\u0026ndash;9.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMiyata T, Iwanaga S, Sakata Y, Aoki N. Plasminogen Tochigi: inactive plasmin resulting from replacement of alanine-600 by threonine in the active site. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982;79:6132\u0026ndash;6.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eLisman T, de Groot PG, Meijers JC, Rosendaal FR. Reduced plasma fibrinolytic potential is a risk factor for venous thrombosis. Blood. 2005;105:1102\u0026ndash;5.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBollen L, Peetermans M, Peeters M, Van Steen K, Hoylaerts MF, Declerck PJ, et al. Active PAI-1 as marker for venous thromboembolism: case-control study using a comprehensive panel of PAI-1 and TAFI assays. Thromb Res. 2014;134:1097\u0026ndash;102.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ol\u003e"},{"header":"Tables","content":"\u003cp\u003eTable.1 Patient characteristics\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"636\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.18867924528302%\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.39622641509434%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTotal\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"40.25157232704402%\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThrombosis\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.163522012578616%\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eP-value\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"50%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNo\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"50%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eYes\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"31.367292225201073%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN=133\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"34.316353887399465%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN=112\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"34.316353887399465%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN=21\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.18867924528302%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDiagnosis\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.39622641509434%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.163522012578616%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.18867924528302%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eovarian cancer\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.39622641509434%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e125 (93.98%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e106 (94.64%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19 (90.48%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.163522012578616%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.18867924528302%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEndometrial cancer\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.39622641509434%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (0.75%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (0.89%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.163522012578616%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.18867924528302%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFallopian tubal cancer\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.39622641509434%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (0.75%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (4.76%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.163522012578616%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.18867924528302%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePrimary peritoneal carcinoma\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.39622641509434%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6 (4.51%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5 (4.46%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (4.76%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.163522012578616%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.18867924528302%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFIGO stage\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.39622641509434%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.163522012578616%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.18867924528302%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eI\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.39622641509434%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13 (9.77%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12 (10.71%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (4.76%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.163522012578616%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.18867924528302%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eII\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.39622641509434%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12 (9.02%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12 (10.71%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.163522012578616%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.18867924528302%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIII\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.39622641509434%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e72 (54.14%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e58 (51.79%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14 (66.67%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.163522012578616%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.18867924528302%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIV\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.39622641509434%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e36 (27.07%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30 (26.79%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6 (28.57%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.163522012578616%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.18867924528302%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFIGO stage\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.39622641509434%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.163522012578616%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.124\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.18867924528302%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eI-II\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.39622641509434%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25 (18.8%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24 (21.43%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (4.76%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.163522012578616%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.18867924528302%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIII-IV\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.39622641509434%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e108 (81.2%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e88 (78.57%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20 (95.24%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.163522012578616%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.18867924528302%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHistology\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.39622641509434%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.163522012578616%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.18867924528302%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHGSC\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.39622641509434%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99 (74.44%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e83 (74.11%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16 (76.19%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.163522012578616%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.18867924528302%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eClear cell CA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.39622641509434%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12 (9.02%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10 (8.93%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (9.52%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.163522012578616%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.18867924528302%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEndometrioid CA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.39622641509434%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9 (6.77%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8 (7.14%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (4.76%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.163522012578616%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.18867924528302%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMucinous CA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.39622641509434%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5 (3.76%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4 (3.57%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (4.76%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.163522012578616%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.18867924528302%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCarcinosarcoma\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.39622641509434%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4 (3.01%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (2.68%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (0%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.163522012578616%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.18867924528302%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLGSC\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.39622641509434%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (2.26%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (2.68%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.163522012578616%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.18867924528302%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGranulosa cell tumor\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.39622641509434%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (0.75%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (0.89%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.163522012578616%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.18867924528302%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHistology\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.39622641509434%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.163522012578616%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.861\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.18867924528302%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHGSC\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.39622641509434%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e94 (70.68%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e80 (71.43%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14 (66.67%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.163522012578616%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.18867924528302%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eothers\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.39622641509434%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e39 (29.32%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32 (28.57%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7 (33.33%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.163522012578616%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.18867924528302%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAge\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.39622641509434%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e57 (24-83)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e57 (26-83)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e59 (24-71)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.163522012578616%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.9606\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.18867924528302%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBMI\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.39622641509434%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23.01 (16.44-35.29)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22.91 (16.44-32.47)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.12578616352201%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23.92 (18.22-35.29)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.163522012578616%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.3776\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAbbreviations: FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics), HGSC (High grade serous carcinoma), CA (carcinoma), LGSC (Low grade serous carcinoma), BMI (Body mass index)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTable.2 Site and postoperative date of developed thrombosis\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"625\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.52%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.36%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePost OP days\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"57.28%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSite of thrombosis\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"19.84%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNote\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.52%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.36%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"57.28%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSplenic vein\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"19.84%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.52%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.36%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"57.28%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePulmonary thromboembolism\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"19.84%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.52%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.36%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"57.28%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSplenic vein\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"19.84%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSplenectomy\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.52%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.36%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"57.28%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePulmonary thromboembolism\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"19.84%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.52%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.36%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"57.28%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSplenic vein\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"19.84%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSplenectomy\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.52%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.36%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"57.28%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSplenic vein\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"19.84%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSplenectomy\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.52%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.36%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"57.28%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSplenic vein\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"19.84%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSplenectomy\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.52%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.36%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"57.28%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLt renal vein\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"19.84%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.52%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.36%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"57.28%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLower extremities (iliac veins and lower IVC)\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"19.84%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.52%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.36%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"57.28%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGonadal vein, internal iliac vein\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"19.84%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.52%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.36%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"57.28%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLt int. iliac vein\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"19.84%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.52%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.36%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"57.28%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLower extremities (common femoral veins)\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"19.84%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eD16 Lymphedema\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.52%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.36%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e49\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"57.28%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLower extremities (lt popliteal vein)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"19.84%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.52%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.36%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e72\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"57.28%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eInferior vena cava\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"19.84%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eD18 Lymphocele\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.52%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.36%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e74\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"57.28%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBilateral internal iliac and common iliac v.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"19.84%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eD48 Lymphedema\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.52%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.36%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e77\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"57.28%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSuperior Mesenteric Vein (SMV)\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"19.84%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.52%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.36%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e82\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"57.28%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePulmonary thromboembolism, lt renal vein\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"19.84%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.52%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.36%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e86\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"57.28%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLower extremities (rt. Int. iliac v.)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"19.84%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.52%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.36%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e88\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"57.28%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLower extremities (Lt int. iliac a. and bilateral ovarian v.)\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"19.84%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eD29 Lymphedema\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.507987220447284%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.335463258785943%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e110\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"77.15654952076677%\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCerebral infarction due to unspecified occlusion or stenosis\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.52%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.36%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e146\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"57.28%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePulmonary thromboembolism\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"19.84%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTable.3 Preoperative laboratory parameters associated with thrombosis\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"904\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.359116022099448%\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.38121546961326%\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUnits\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"33.48066298342541%\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThrombosis\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.955801104972376%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"31.823204419889503%\" colspan=\"4\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUnivariable\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"22.205438066465256%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNo\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.41389728096677%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eYes\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.876132930513595%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.06344410876133%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOR\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"21.45015105740181%\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e95% CI\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.990936555891238%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eP-value\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"28.488372093023255%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN=112 mean (range)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.03875968992248%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN=21 mean (range)\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.953488372093023%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eP-value\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.565891472868216%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLower\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.953488372093023%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUpper\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.376106194690266%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGlucose\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.393805309734514%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003emg/dL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.261061946902654%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e101 (78, 237)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.146017699115045%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e94 (81, 162)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.964601769911504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.0419\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.6371681415929205%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.977\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.743362831858407%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.946\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.964601769911504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.009\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.513274336283185%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.1589\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.376106194690266%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWBC\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.393805309734514%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ex103/uL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.261061946902654%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.77 (2.34, 12.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.146017699115045%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.76 (2.55, 9.77)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.964601769911504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.8604\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.6371681415929205%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.927\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.743362831858407%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.709\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.964601769911504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.212\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.513274336283185%\"\u003e\n 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width=\"17.146017699115045%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.45 (\u0026lt;2.5, 57.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.964601769911504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.2194\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.6371681415929205%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.032\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.743362831858407%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.994\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.964601769911504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.071\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.513274336283185%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0968\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.376106194690266%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eATIII\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.393805309734514%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.261061946902654%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e86 (35, 110)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.146017699115045%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e87 (68, 108)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.964601769911504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.8670\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.6371681415929205%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.002\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.743362831858407%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.961\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.964601769911504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.044\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.513274336283185%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.9377\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.376106194690266%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProteinC activity\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.393805309734514%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.261061946902654%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e103 (71, 186)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.146017699115045%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e101 (53, 143)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.964601769911504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.3720\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.6371681415929205%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.986\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.743362831858407%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.961\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.964601769911504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.012\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.513274336283185%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.2879\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.376106194690266%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProteinS activity\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.393805309734514%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.261061946902654%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e80 (33, 147)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.146017699115045%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e81 (46, 144)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.964601769911504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.2936\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.6371681415929205%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.013\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.743362831858407%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.991\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.964601769911504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.035\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.513274336283185%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.2581\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.376106194690266%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePlasminogen\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.393805309734514%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.261061946902654%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e96 (59, 142)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.146017699115045%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e89.5 (61, 129)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.964601769911504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.1600\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.6371681415929205%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.975\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.743362831858407%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.944\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.964601769911504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.007\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.513274336283185%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.1314\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.376106194690266%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePAI-1\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.393805309734514%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eng/mL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.261061946902654%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32.65 (7.9, \u0026gt;97.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.146017699115045%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27.7 (9.7, \u0026gt;96.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.964601769911504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.3430\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.6371681415929205%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.993\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.743362831858407%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.967\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.964601769911504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.020\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.513274336283185%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.6068\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.376106194690266%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHomocysteine\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.393805309734514%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eumol/L\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.261061946902654%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.36 (1, 15.62)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.146017699115045%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.82 (3.6, 14.71)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.964601769911504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0673\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.6371681415929205%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.197\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.743362831858407%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.014\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.964601769911504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.412\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.513274336283185%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.0334\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.376106194690266%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNT-proBNP\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.393805309734514%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003epg/mL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.261061946902654%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e53.8 (\u0026lt;5.0, 883.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.146017699115045%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e33.9 (10.7, 166.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.964601769911504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.6502\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.6371681415929205%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.998\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.743362831858407%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.991\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.964601769911504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.004\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.513274336283185%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.4824\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.376106194690266%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIL-6\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.393805309734514%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003epg/mL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.261061946902654%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.68 (0.58, \u0026gt;10.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.146017699115045%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.46 (0.78, \u0026gt;10.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.964601769911504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0885\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.6371681415929205%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.158\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.743362831858407%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.004\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.964601769911504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.336\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.513274336283185%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.0434\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.376106194690266%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTPO\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.393805309734514%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003epg/mL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.261061946902654%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e105.2 (\u0026lt;31.3, 690.16)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.146017699115045%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e100.29 (\u0026lt;31.0, 293.48)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.964601769911504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.8483\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.6371681415929205%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.998\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.743362831858407%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.993\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.964601769911504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.003\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.513274336283185%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.3883\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.376106194690266%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003esoluble_P-selectin\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.393805309734514%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eng/mL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.261061946902654%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e55.14 (18.19, 116.75)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.146017699115045%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e56.59 (15.62, 92.34)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.964601769911504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.4351\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.6371681415929205%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.988\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.743362831858407%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.965\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.964601769911504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.011\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.513274336283185%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.2939\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.376106194690266%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eG-CSF\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.393805309734514%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003epg/mL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.261061946902654%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16.05 (4.33, 46.54)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.146017699115045%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18.4 (6.63, 96.98)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.964601769911504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.1908\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.6371681415929205%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.039\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.743362831858407%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.999\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.964601769911504%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.081\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.513274336283185%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0567\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAbbreviations: WBC (white blood cell), Hb (hemoglobin), PLT (platelet), PT (prothrombin time), aPTT (activated partial thromboplastin time), FDP (fibrinogen degradation products), ATIII (Antithrombin III), PAI-1 (plasminogen activator inhibitor), IL-6 (interleukin 6), TPO (thrombopoietin), G-CSF (Granulocyte colony stimulating factor)\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTable.4 Postoperative laboratory parameters associated with thrombosis\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"888\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.864864864864865%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.657657657657658%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"35.02252252252252%\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThrombosis\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.108108108108109%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"24.324324324324323%\" colspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUnivariable\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.022522522522523%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.864864864864865%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.657657657657658%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.792792792792792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNo\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.22972972972973%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eYes\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.108108108108109%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.207207207207207%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOR\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.117117117117118%\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e95% CI\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.022522522522523%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eP-value\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.959183673469386%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.251700680272108%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUnit\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"21.496598639455783%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN=112 mean (range)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.816326530612244%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN=21 mean (range)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.795918367346939%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eP-value\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.204081632653061%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLower\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.476190476190476%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUpper\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.864864864864865%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGlucose\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.657657657657658%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003emg/dL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.792792792792792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e146 (89, 313)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.22972972972973%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e151 (81, 286)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.108108108108109%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.8276\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.207207207207207%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.002\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.445945945945946%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.992\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.67117117117117%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.011\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.022522522522523%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.7207\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.864864864864865%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWBC\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.657657657657658%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ex103/uL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.792792792792792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.28 (3.13, 28.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.22972972972973%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.19 (6.29, 14.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.108108108108109%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.5850\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.207207207207207%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.020\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.445945945945946%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.897\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.67117117117117%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.161\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.022522522522523%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.7607\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.864864864864865%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHb\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.657657657657658%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eg/dL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.792792792792792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.6 (6.6, 14.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.22972972972973%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.7 (7.9, 13.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.108108108108109%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.2800\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.207207207207207%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.148\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.445945945945946%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.837\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.67117117117117%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.575\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.022522522522523%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.3919\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.864864864864865%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePLT\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.657657657657658%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ex103/uL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.792792792792792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e236 (93, 471)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.22972972972973%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e253 (132, 568)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.108108108108109%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.6906\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.207207207207207%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.002\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.445945945945946%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.997\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.67117117117117%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.008\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.022522522522523%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.3454\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.864864864864865%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMonocyte\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.657657657657658%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.792792792792792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.7 (2.5, 16.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.22972972972973%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.3 (3.1, 10.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.108108108108109%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.5478\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.207207207207207%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.930\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.445945945945946%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.769\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.67117117117117%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.124\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.022522522522523%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.4527\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.864864864864865%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eD-dimer\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.657657657657658%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eug/mL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.792792792792792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.83 (\u0026lt;2.7, \u0026gt;20.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.22972972972973%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.24 (1.02, 10.05)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.108108108108109%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.2806\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.207207207207207%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.082\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.445945945945946%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.912\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.67117117117117%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.285\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.022522522522523%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.3663\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.864864864864865%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePT\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.657657657657658%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003esec\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.792792792792792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14.4 (12, 19.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.22972972972973%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14.2 (12.6, 18.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.108108108108109%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.5893\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.207207207207207%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.209\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.445945945945946%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.859\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.67117117117117%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.701\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.022522522522523%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.2764\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.864864864864865%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eaPTT\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.657657657657658%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003esec\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.792792792792792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e45.8 (29.4, 71.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.22972972972973%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e50 (36.5, 65.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.108108108108109%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.0218\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.207207207207207%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.082\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.445945945945946%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.018\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.67117117117117%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.150\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.022522522522523%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.0117\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.864864864864865%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFibrinogen\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.657657657657658%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003emg/dL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.792792792792792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e398 (122, 776)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.22972972972973%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e406 (220, 768)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.108108108108109%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.9500\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.207207207207207%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.001\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.445945945945946%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.997\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.67117117117117%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.004\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.022522522522523%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.7114\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.864864864864865%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFDP\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.657657657657658%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eug/mL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.792792792792792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.35 (\u0026lt;2.5, 90.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.22972972972973%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11 (4.2, 38.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.108108108108109%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.1804\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.207207207207207%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.023\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.445945945945946%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.982\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.67117117117117%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.065\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.022522522522523%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.2716\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.864864864864865%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eATIII\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.657657657657658%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.792792792792792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e68 (32, 95)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.22972972972973%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e68 (38, 88)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.108108108108109%\"\u003e\n 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width=\"7.657657657657658%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eng/mL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.792792792792792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e51.9 (22, 125.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.22972972972973%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e58.1 (15.6, 103.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.108108108108109%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.3507\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.207207207207207%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.008\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.445945945945946%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.986\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.67117117117117%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.030\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.022522522522523%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.4736\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.864864864864865%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eG-CSF\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.657657657657658%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003epg/mL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.792792792792792%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e115 (12.8, \u0026gt;300.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.22972972972973%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e132.1 (17.7, \u0026gt;300.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.108108108108109%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.3780\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.207207207207207%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.002\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.445945945945946%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.997\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.67117117117117%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.006\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.022522522522523%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.4629\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAbbreviations: WBC (white blood cell), Hb (hemoglobin), PLT (platelet), PT (prothrombin time), aPTT (activated partial thromboplastin time), FDP (fibrinogen degradation products), ATIII (Antithrombin III), PAI-1 (plasminogen activator inhibitor), IL-6 (interleukin 6), TPO (thrombopoietin), G-CSF (Granulocyte colony stimulating factor), N/A (not applicable)\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Ovarian cancer, Thrombosis, Pulmonary thromboembolism, Laboratory parameters","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-2888253/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2888253/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBackground\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePatients with ovarian cancer have a high risk of developing thrombosis. We aimed to investigate laboratory parameters associated with thrombosis including deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary thromboembolism in patients treated for ovarian cancer.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMethods\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWe collected pre and post operative blood samples from 133 patients undergoing surgery for ovarian cancer at National Cancer Center, Korea between December 2021 and August 2022. The measured parameters were white blood cell (WBC) count, hemoglobin, platelets, monocytes, serum glucose, CA125, D-dimer, fibrinogen, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), fibrinogen degradation products (FDP), antithrombin III, protein C, protein S, plasminogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), homocysteine, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), thrombopoietin (TPO), soluble P-selectin and granulocyte stimulating factor (G-CSF). Body mass index (BMI) of patients were collected. Differences between patients who developed thrombosis and those without were compared with Wilcoxon rank-sum test and we analyzed the continuous variables using logistic regression.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eResults\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTwenty-one (15.8%) patients developed thrombosis ranging from 6 to 146 days (median 15 days) after surgery. FIGO stage, age and BMI were not significantly different among the two groups. Pre operative values of homocysteine (p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.033) and IL-6 (p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.043) were significantly increased and post operative aPTT (p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.022) was prolonged and plasminogen (p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.041) was decreased in patients with thrombosis.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eConclusions\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePre operative homocysteine, IL-6 and post operative aPTT, plasminogen were associated with thrombosis in ovarian cancer patients.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Prospective analysis of pre and postoperative laboratory parameters associated with thrombosis in patients with ovarian cancer","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2023-05-11 22:15:20","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-2888253/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"a2883473-04ac-4730-a821-130dab04a6ac","owner":[],"postedDate":"May 11th, 2023","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2024-03-24T20:03:08+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-2888253","link":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11239-023-02944-1","journal":{"identity":"journal-of-thrombosis-and-thrombolysis","isVorOnly":false,"title":"Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis"},"publishedOn":"2024-01-28 20:03:08","publishedOnDateReadable":"January 28th, 2024"},"versionCreatedAt":"2023-05-11 22:15:20","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1007/s11239-023-02944-1","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11239-023-02944-1","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-2888253","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-2888253","identity":"rs-2888253","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"wLkW0s4AflPzk-lpfg-fK","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}