Efficient Degradation of Ketoprofen by MnO 2 -Modified Biochar via Heterogeneous Catalytic Ozonation

Efficient Degradation of Ketoprofen by MnO 2 -Modified Biochar via Heterogeneous Catalytic Ozonation | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Efficient Degradation of Ketoprofen by MnO 2 -Modified Biochar via Heterogeneous Catalytic Ozonation Zhilun Liu, Lei Zhao, Tingting Dou, Xu He, Shuang Lu, Jun Ma, and 2 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8984818/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract In recent years, biochar catalysts have shown high efficacy in catalytic ozonation for water treatment, as they promote O 3 transformation to degrade organic pollutants. However, current challenges persist in catalytic ozonation systems: variations in pyrolysis conditions and precursors can compromise long-term operational stability, while complex aqueous environments often result in suboptimal degradation efficiency. This study prepared modified biochar with different pyrolysis temperatures and MnO 2 loading ratios via oxygen-limited pyrolysis and co-precipitation, among which MBC900(1:20) exhibited the highest catalytic activity, achieving 88% degradation of ketoprofen (KTP) — 34% higher than the sum of ozonation alone and adsorption alone. Characterization revealed that the modified biochar possessed a rougher surface, increased specific surface area (SSA) with a shift toward micro/mesopores, amorphous MnO 2 (mainly Mn 4+ ), and additional Mn–O bonding. Catalytic performance was enhanced with higher O 3 dosage, catalyst loading, and temperature, but decreased with higher initial KTP concentration, while pH and H 2 PO 4 – concentration showed an initial increase followed by a decline in degradation efficiency. Mechanistic studies identified • OH as the dominant oxidant, leading to a mineralization rate of 44%—17% higher than O 3 alone—with degradation occurring via hydroxyl radicals ( • OH) attack on the carboxyl group and benzene ring. This work offers an economical and eco-friendly approach for water pollution remediation. Modified-biochar Catalytic ozonation Ketoprofen Hydroxyl radical mechanism Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Supplementary Files SupplementaryMaterial.docx Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8984818","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":621621871,"identity":"a2ae3c3e-1659-4e27-aceb-09e4850e12a1","order_by":0,"name":"Zhilun Liu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Harbin Institute of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Zhilun","middleName":"","lastName":"Liu","suffix":""},{"id":621621872,"identity":"2c4043ce-884d-4cba-9b47-6688c79071ba","order_by":1,"name":"Lei 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Ozonation","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Modified-biochar, Catalytic ozonation, Ketoprofen, Hydroxyl radical, mechanism","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8984818/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8984818/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eIn recent years, biochar catalysts have shown high efficacy in catalytic ozonation for water treatment, as they promote O\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e transformation to degrade organic pollutants. However, current challenges persist in catalytic ozonation systems: variations in pyrolysis conditions and precursors can compromise long-term operational stability, while complex aqueous environments often result in suboptimal degradation efficiency. This study prepared modified biochar with different pyrolysis temperatures and MnO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e loading ratios via oxygen-limited pyrolysis and co-precipitation, among which MBC900(1:20) exhibited the highest catalytic activity, achieving 88% degradation of ketoprofen (KTP) \u0026mdash; 34% higher than the sum of ozonation alone and adsorption alone. Characterization revealed that the modified biochar possessed a rougher surface, increased specific surface area (SSA) with a shift toward micro/mesopores, amorphous MnO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e (mainly Mn\u003csup\u003e4+\u003c/sup\u003e), and additional Mn\u0026ndash;O bonding. Catalytic performance was enhanced with higher O\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e dosage, catalyst loading, and temperature, but decreased with higher initial KTP concentration, while pH and H\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003ePO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003c/sup\u003e concentration showed an initial increase followed by a decline in degradation efficiency. Mechanistic studies identified \u003csup\u003e\u0026bull;\u003c/sup\u003eOH as the dominant oxidant, leading to a mineralization rate of 44%\u0026mdash;17% higher than O\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e alone\u0026mdash;with degradation occurring via hydroxyl radicals (\u003csup\u003e\u0026bull;\u003c/sup\u003eOH) attack on the carboxyl group and benzene ring. 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