Optimization of sand-casting process parameters on the hardness of locally-made corn-mill grinding plates

Optimization of sand-casting process parameters on the hardness of locally-made corn-mill grinding plates | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Optimization of sand-casting process parameters on the hardness of locally-made corn-mill grinding plates Awongo Seidu Dauda, Godwin Adablah, ANTHONY AKURUGO ALUBOKIN, and 1 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7753158/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Sand casting process parameters such as moisture content (%), sand particle size (mm), pouring time (sec) and pouring temperature (℃) were investigated to determine their influence on the hardness of the locally made corn mill grinding plates made from high chrome cast iron. The process parameters were varied from 2.0% − 8.3% for the moisture content, 0.15 mm − 10 mm for sand particle size, 1350 ℃ − 1450 ℃ for pouring temperature, and 8 sec − 10 sec for pouring time. Also, two level four factor ( \(\:{2}^{4}\) ) full factorial design was used in the investigation and the experiment was replicate twice to yield a total of thirty-two (32) as-cast samples. In the investigation, it was found that, manufacturing process parameters like the pouring temperature (℃), pouring time (sec), moisture content (%), and sand particles size (mm) are the most significant factors contributing to the hardness of the locally made corn mill grinding plates. It was also established from the experiment that, decreasing the pouring temperature (℃), pouring time (sec), moisture content (%), and sand particle size (mm) resulted in an increase in hardness. Furthermore, the optimized value for manufacturing the locally made corn mill grinding plates was find to be 8.0 sec for the pouring time, 1350 ℃ for the pouring temperature, 2.0% for the moisture content and 0.150 mm for the sand particle size producing a hardness value of 47.0 HRC. The study also revealed that, there are interactions in all the sand-casting process parameters selected for the experiment except pouring temperature and pouring time. Sand casting Corn mill plates 24 Factorial design Hardness Full Text Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7753158","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":525955914,"identity":"1bf3b4da-1daf-4878-8a07-a6602264c506","order_by":0,"name":"Awongo Seidu 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Hardness","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7753158/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7753158/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eSand casting process parameters such as moisture content (%), sand particle size (mm), pouring time (sec) and pouring temperature (℃) were investigated to determine their influence on the hardness of the locally made corn mill grinding plates made from high chrome cast iron. The process parameters were varied from 2.0% \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;8.3% for the moisture content, 0.15 mm \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;10 mm for sand particle size, 1350 ℃ \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;1450 ℃ for pouring temperature, and 8 sec \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;10 sec for pouring time. Also, two level four factor ( \u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(\\:{2}^{4}\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e) full factorial design was used in the investigation and the experiment was replicate twice to yield a total of thirty-two (32) as-cast samples. In the investigation, it was found that, manufacturing process parameters like the pouring temperature (℃), pouring time (sec), moisture content (%), and sand particles size (mm) are the most significant factors contributing to the hardness of the locally made corn mill grinding plates. It was also established from the experiment that, decreasing the pouring temperature (℃), pouring time (sec), moisture content (%), and sand particle size (mm) resulted in an increase in hardness. Furthermore, the optimized value for manufacturing the locally made corn mill grinding plates was find to be 8.0 sec for the pouring time, 1350 ℃ for the pouring temperature, 2.0% for the moisture content and 0.150 mm for the sand particle size producing a hardness value of 47.0 HRC. 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