Design, Analysis and Comparison of Hybrid and Non-Pneumatic Tires

Design, Analysis and Comparison of Hybrid and Non-Pneumatic Tires | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Design, Analysis and Comparison of Hybrid and Non-Pneumatic Tires Shamsher Ali, Syed Aliyar Shah, Moiz Ahmad, Syed Muhammad Zain, and 1 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4418526/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 19 Dec, 2025 Read the published version in ACI Avances en Ciencias e Ingenierías → Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Tires are the only medium that moves a vehicle back and forth while also providing directional stability. This paper provides a comparative study that delves into the contrast between Non-Pneumatic Tires (NPT) and Hybrid Tires, analyzing their respective merits and demerits. Non- pneumatic tires (NPT) emerged as an alternative to traditional tube tires, aiming to mitigate issues such as tube bursts, maintenance, air pressure, and susceptibility to external factors. However, NPTs exhibit drawbacks including limited shock absorption, reduced ride comfort, and elevated costs. In response, Hybrid Tires emerge as a promising solution, offering a balance between the strengths of pneumatic and non-pneumatic designs while addressing the shortcomings of NPTs. By integrating pneumatic elements, Hybrid Tires enhance shock absorption, reduce weight, and improve ride comfort without compromising overall strength. This paper advocates for the superiority of Hybrid Tires over NPTs, presenting them as a viable alternative poised to advance the realm of tire technology toward greater efficiency, safety, and sustainability. Physical sciences/Engineering/Aerospace engineering Physical sciences/Engineering/Mechanical engineering Physical sciences/Materials science/Structural materials Physical sciences/Materials science/Theory and computation Non-Pneumatic Tire Hybrid Tire Spokes Finite Element Analysis Stress Forces Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 19 Dec, 2025 Read the published version in ACI Avances en Ciencias e Ingenierías → Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4418526","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":309383536,"identity":"c9b5b8fc-f0da-4c13-bff5-e5a6ead34ef5","order_by":0,"name":"Shamsher Ali","email":"data:image/png;base64,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","orcid":"","institution":"National University of Sciences and Technology","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Shamsher","middleName":"","lastName":"Ali","suffix":""},{"id":309383537,"identity":"83e6f2b1-f6f9-4b88-93f3-77e3afe02347","order_by":1,"name":"Syed Aliyar Shah","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"National University of Sciences and Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Syed","middleName":"Aliyar","lastName":"Shah","suffix":""},{"id":309383538,"identity":"8a65017b-c377-4df4-b65d-3742f96b1e8b","order_by":2,"name":"Moiz Ahmad","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"National University of Sciences and Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Moiz","middleName":"","lastName":"Ahmad","suffix":""},{"id":309383539,"identity":"3030e4d2-473e-4007-9aec-f5f4565a1930","order_by":3,"name":"Syed Muhammad Zain","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"National University of Sciences and Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Syed","middleName":"Muhammad","lastName":"Zain","suffix":""},{"id":309383540,"identity":"fdb2f4e2-5b70-44de-9e2b-a0be243c76cb","order_by":4,"name":"Ahsan Rehman Khan","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"National University of Sciences and Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ahsan","middleName":"Rehman","lastName":"Khan","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-05-14 10:36:26","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4418526/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4418526/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.18272/aci.3909","type":"published","date":"2025-12-20T00:00:00+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":99894674,"identity":"0dd06680-5f75-4f38-a5a9-61e839c0837b","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-01-09 14:29:30","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1026200,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"DesignAnalysisComparisionofHybridandNonPneumaticTire.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4418526/v1_covered_06f5de23-3a7e-4f59-81dc-0d75bc260284.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Design, Analysis and Comparison of Hybrid and Non-Pneumatic Tires","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Non-Pneumatic Tire, Hybrid Tire, Spokes, Finite Element Analysis, Stress, Forces","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4418526/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4418526/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eTires are the only medium that moves a vehicle back and forth while also providing directional stability. 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