Laser 3D-printed periodic porous structures for heat exchangers: a novel characterization approach under fully developed conditions

Laser 3D-printed periodic porous structures for heat exchangers: a novel characterization approach under fully developed conditions | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Laser 3D-printed periodic porous structures for heat exchangers: a novel characterization approach under fully developed conditions Samuele Piandoro, Filippo Azzini, Michele Francioso, Dexiang Zha, and 3 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7516531/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 9 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Triple Periodic Minimal Surfaces (TPMS) have garnered significant attention in recent years because of their potential for enhancing heat transfer performance. Recent advances in additive manufacturing have made it possible to fabricate these complex geometries, derived from implicit equations. However, accurately characterizing the thermal-hydraulic performance of TPMS remains a challenging task.To address this challenge, this paper proposes a novel approach that leverages periodic boundary conditions to simulate fully developed flow and heat transfer within TPMS. By eliminating the influence of inlet and outlet effects, this method enables a focused analysis of the core region of the structure. This approach offers significant advantages, such as reduced computational cost and improved accuracy in predicting pressure drop and heat transfer coefficients.A case study is presented to illustrate the application of the proposed method to the optimization of gyroid-based heat exchangers. The impact of key geometric parameters, including edge dimension and wall thickness, on the thermal-hydraulic performance is investigated. Additionally, the printability of the proposed designs is considered to ensure practical feasibility.By providing a rigorous framework for characterizing TPMS, this work contributes to the advancement of thermal management technologies and enables the development of highly efficient and innovative heat exchange solutions. Triply Periodic Minimal Surface Laser Additive Manufacturing Numerical Characterization Fully Developed Condition Darcy Law Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 22 Dec, 2025 Reviews received at journal 22 Dec, 2025 Reviews received at journal 10 Oct, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 30 Sep, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 19 Sep, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 09 Sep, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 09 Sep, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 08 Sep, 2025 First submitted to journal 02 Sep, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7516531","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":513793936,"identity":"e9e3f0b2-ce43-41b0-88ec-ed38560b2b8d","order_by":0,"name":"Samuele 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