Novel ENG metamaterial for Gain enhancement of an off-set fed CPW Concentric circle shaped patch antenna

Abstract This paper presents a multiband coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed concentric circle shaped patch antenna for WLAN, LTE-A, 5G Wi-Fi, and X-band applications, which is loaded with metamaterial unit cell. The proposed patch antenna employs arc shaped patch and concentric circle shaped patch achieves ultra-wideband operation. The proposed two layer antenna configuration consists of metamaterial super-substrate. The measured reflection co-efficient (S11) demonstrated three wideband operation ranging from 3.06GHz − 4.72GHz (B.W of 42%), 4.94GHz-6.19GHz (B.W of 22%) and 6.50 GHz − 10.56 GHz (B.W of 47.5%). The metamaterial structure is obtained through the arrangement of the proposed unit cell in 5 × 5 order. The proposed metamaterial structure properties were examined for wave propagation through the material in two major axes directions (x and y-axis). For both axis, the metamaterial exhibits near Zero refractive index for wide range of frequency. The addition of this super-substrate provides significant gain enhancement by 181% when the maximum gain reaches 6.2 dBi at X-band frequency. Since the proposed antenna is more efficient, it might be used for X-band operations such as satellite communication, military, and medical monitoring.