Post Caesarean Scar Endometriosis: An Uncommon Surgical Complication- Experience of a Radiologist at INMAS, Mitford

Endometriosis is the presence of functioning endometrial tissue outside the uterus. It is observed in 10-15% of all women of reproductive age. Caesarean section scar is the most common site for abdominal wall endometriosis. In this study, clinical symptoms and sonographic appearance of caesarean scar endometriosis are highlighted. Ten patients with caesarean scar endometriosis were sonologically detected in INMAS, Mitford over a period of 1 year, from July, 2022 to June, 2023. FNAC was used along with ultrasonography to support the diagnosis. The mean age of the patients was 29.4 years (range 24-40). Cyclical pain was the most common presenting symptom (80%). The mean asymptomatic period was 21.6 months (range 8-48). Mean duration of symptoms was 32.8 months (range 6-172). The most common sonographic appearance was a solid, hypoechoic mass with irregular and spiculated margin. Clinical history always leads to the diagnosis of scar endometriosis. This case study emphasizes the importance of high-resolution ultrasonography to support the clinical diagnosis.