Ultra-High-Brightness and tuneable attosecond-long electron beams with the Laser Wake Field Acceleration

Ultra-High-Brightness and tuneable attosecond-long electron beams with the Laser Wake Field Acceleration | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Ultra-High-Brightness and tuneable attosecond-long electron beams with the Laser Wake Field Acceleration Paolo Tomassini, Federico Avella, Nasr Hafiz, Luca Labate, Vojtech Horný, and 3 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6889281/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Ultra-low emittance and tuneable in length electron beams can be obtained with the Laser Wake Field Acceleration (LWFA) by employing advanced ionization injection techniques, such as the Two-Color and the Resonant Multi-Pulse Ionization injection (ReMPI) schemes. There, a tightly focused, short wavelength (ionization) pulse extracts electrons from a selected inner shells of a dopant, allowing them to be longitudinally compressed and trapped in the wakefield excited by a different (driver) pulse. In this work we demonstrate, by means of analytical results and Particle In Cell simulations, that 340~as long electron beams with 2.3~GeV energy, 6.1~pC charge, 0.15~$\%$ projected energy spread, 60~nm normalised emittance, and projected 6D-Brightness in excess of $3\times 10^{18}A/m^2/0.1\%bw$ can be generated with a ~200TW~Ti:Sa laser system. The beam slice analysis reveals its potentialities for driving a few-spikes attosecond X-ray Free Electron Laser. Furthermore, the ultra-high projected quality, and the extreme shortness of the beams makes them ideal candidates for the generation of attosecond and quasi-monochromatic $\gamma$ photons beams through Thomson/Compton backscattering, or for the injection in subsequent plasma wakefield structures so as to reach TeV energies from staged LWFA. Physical sciences/Physics/Plasma physics/Plasma-based accelerators Physical sciences/Physics/Plasma physics/Laser-produced plasmas Physical sciences/Physics/Particle physics/Experimental particle physics Full Text Additional Declarations There is NO Competing Interest. Supplementary Files Supplementary.pdf Supplementary Material Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6889281","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":472106238,"identity":"8e525b04-e4dc-4827-b222-52d993e61d2c","order_by":0,"name":"Paolo Tomassini","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAABAElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYHACxgNwZgKDhBwDO2MDQT1ALQZwLcYMzCRpAYLEBmYCys3ZDx848IHhj5xu+/HHHx7usEjvZ2ZuYC7cwZDPj0OLZU9awsEZDAbGZmdyzCQSz0jkzmxmbGCeeYbBciYO9xkcyDE4zMNgkLjtQA4bQ2KbRO6Gw4ztv3nbGAwMDuDQcv4NVMv5548/ALWk2x8G2oJXyw2YLTcSDCSAWhIMmAlosZzxDOgXA2NjsxtvzEBaDGeAbTkjYSCJwy/m/MkHH3yokJMzO5/++OPPtjp5/vb2B8y8O2wMcIWYARKJBBgbJHBowKIYpgWnjlEwCkbBKBh5AADGR1c/kb3lrwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Paolo","middleName":"","lastName":"Tomassini","suffix":""},{"id":472106239,"identity":"31a179de-6a2d-4113-b47d-d49d2ec4ad61","order_by":1,"name":"Federico Avella","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Federico","middleName":"","lastName":"Avella","suffix":""},{"id":472106240,"identity":"e836d5fe-f8fe-47cc-9624-1d57c92c8661","order_by":2,"name":"Nasr Hafiz","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Extreme Light Infrastructure - Attosecond Light Pulse Source","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Nasr","middleName":"","lastName":"Hafiz","suffix":""},{"id":472106241,"identity":"7a5b4fe7-ca8b-4e95-ac99-aa7b88d59249","order_by":3,"name":"Luca Labate","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Luca","middleName":"","lastName":"Labate","suffix":""},{"id":472106242,"identity":"a719af9c-4c33-414c-80e1-5a1d98b3cdf1","order_by":4,"name":"Vojtech Horný","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4510-3770","institution":"Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Vojtech","middleName":"","lastName":"Horný","suffix":""},{"id":472106243,"identity":"0b4cfc24-50cb-4756-a83b-4dfbf18a29c9","order_by":5,"name":"Szabolcs Toth","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Szabolcs","middleName":"","lastName":"Toth","suffix":""},{"id":472106244,"identity":"9329c082-bcf6-41c5-bc58-ed8ff4b2fbbc","order_by":6,"name":"Domenico Doria","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8776-5791","institution":"Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Domenico","middleName":"","lastName":"Doria","suffix":""},{"id":472106245,"identity":"c1400c41-0688-42ac-9277-46c0783e671d","order_by":7,"name":"Leonida Gizzi","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Leonida","middleName":"","lastName":"Gizzi","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-06-13 15:06:01","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6889281/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6889281/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":85049960,"identity":"ee963ad4-b48b-48a7-969e-5f60d8eb3dcf","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-06-20 11:18:39","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":2367661,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Article File","description":"","filename":"Main.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6889281/v1_covered_d988a396-31ae-4f05-95f6-305c66a14b75.pdf"},{"id":85037822,"identity":"491bcbfa-053a-4aee-b565-245aef25dc90","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-06-20 08:46:48","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":1020916,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Supplementary Material","description":"","filename":"Supplementary.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6889281/v1/9482d8d9abe5bbe6cf9c9e25.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"There is \u003cb\u003eNO\u003c/b\u003e Competing Interest.","formattedTitle":"Ultra-High-Brightness and tuneable attosecond-long electron beams with the Laser Wake Field Acceleration","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6889281/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6889281/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eUltra-low emittance and tuneable in length electron beams can be obtained with the Laser Wake Field Acceleration (LWFA) by employing advanced ionization injection techniques, such as the Two-Color and the Resonant Multi-Pulse Ionization injection (ReMPI) schemes. There, a tightly focused, short wavelength (ionization) pulse extracts electrons from a selected inner shells of a dopant, allowing them to be longitudinally compressed and trapped in the wakefield excited by a different (driver) pulse. In this work we demonstrate, by means of analytical results and Particle In Cell simulations, that 340~as long electron beams with 2.3~GeV energy, 6.1~pC charge, 0.15~$\\%$ projected energy spread, 60~nm normalised emittance, and projected 6D-Brightness in excess of $3\\times 10^{18}A/m^2/0.1\\%bw$ can be generated with a ~200TW~Ti:Sa laser system. The beam slice analysis reveals its potentialities for driving a few-spikes attosecond X-ray Free Electron Laser. Furthermore, the ultra-high projected quality, and the extreme shortness of the beams makes them ideal candidates for the generation of attosecond and quasi-monochromatic $\\gamma$ photons beams through Thomson/Compton backscattering, or for the injection in subsequent plasma wakefield structures so as to reach TeV energies from staged LWFA.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Ultra-High-Brightness and tuneable attosecond-long electron beams with the Laser Wake Field Acceleration","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-06-20 08:46:42","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6889281/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"9afb3137-8536-4afc-87bb-8d689a9fe82c","owner":[],"postedDate":"June 20th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[{"id":50136503,"name":"Physical sciences/Physics/Plasma physics/Plasma-based accelerators"},{"id":50136504,"name":"Physical sciences/Physics/Plasma physics/Laser-produced plasmas"},{"id":50136505,"name":"Physical sciences/Physics/Particle physics/Experimental particle physics"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-06-20T11:10:26+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-06-20 08:46:42","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-6889281","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-6889281","identity":"rs-6889281","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}