Endometrioma Excision in a Patient with VACTERL Syndrome and a Rudimentary Uterine Horn: a Case Report

Vertebral anomalies, anal atresia, cardiac malformations, tracheoesophageal fistula, renal anomalies, and limb defects (VACTERL) syndrome is a rare congenital condition characterized by multiple organ systems, including the vertebrae, anus, cardiac system, trachea, esophagus, renal system, and limbs.Mullerian duct anomalies are infrequently observed in VACTERL syndrome, with only a few cases reported in the literature.We present a rare case of a 20-year-old female with VACTERL syndrome, presenting with a right adnexal mass diagnosed as an endometrioma.The mass measured 83x64x38 mm and exhibited typical features of endometrioma, including a hypoechoic 'ground glass' appearance.MRI also revealed a right noncommunicating rudimentary uterine horn.A laparotomy was performed for the excision of the endometrioma and the removal of the rudimentary uterine horn.The patient had an uneventful postoperative recovery, with discharge on postoperative day three.Follow-up visits showed satisfactory healing and resolution of symptoms.This case highlights the challenges in managing gynecological conditions in individuals with VACTERL syndrome and underscores the need for tailored surgical approaches to address coexisting congenital anomalies.