From Skepticism to Support: Understanding Jakarta’s Shift Toward Solar

From Skepticism to Support: Understanding Jakarta’s Shift Toward Solar | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article From Skepticism to Support: Understanding Jakarta’s Shift Toward Solar Vincent Setiawan, Dr. Lisa Sanderink This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7247117/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract This study explores the adoption of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems in Indonesia, specifically under the RPVSS policy framework. It addresses the nation's energy trilemma—balancing energy security, affordability, and environmental sustainability—by identifying the primary factors influencing PV system adoption. High upfront costs and limited access to energy storage solutions continue to hinder affordability. Expert interviews reveal political and technical apprehensions, particularly concerning grid reliability and the intermittent nature of solar power. Environmental sustainability is further challenged by the lack of proper infrastructure for managing solar panel waste. Despite these concerns, public perception is generally favorable regarding the usefulness and user-friendliness of solar PV systems. However, issues surrounding cost and environmental awareness remain prevalent. Based on these findings, the study recommends that policymakers introduce financial incentives, partner with property developers, streamline the adoption process, promote public awareness, and invest in solar waste management facilities. The Technological Acceptance Model (TAM) serves as a valuable lens in this analysis, highlighting the importance of improving affordability, ease of installation, environmental literacy, and technical knowledge to boost adoption rates. While Jakarta serves as the primary case study, the conclusions may be relevant to other urban regions across Indonesia. Overall, the research provides a holistic view of the challenges and opportunities in advancing solar PV adoption and offers strategic policy guidance for a more sustainable energy future. Energy Engineering Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Systems Renewable Energy RPVSS Policy Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) Energy Trilemma (Security Affordability Sustainability) Solar Energy Adoption Public Perception Full Text Additional Declarations The authors declare no competing interests. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7247117","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":492840346,"identity":"72979b88-8e9c-4dba-89ae-baa7a6b30f3c","order_by":0,"name":"Vincent Setiawan","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Twente","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Vincent","middleName":"","lastName":"Setiawan","suffix":""},{"id":492840347,"identity":"3de9e66c-ac26-406f-97e9-41100b4e5a49","order_by":1,"name":"Dr. Lisa Sanderink","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAABAUlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBACA2YIzdgARIwNBjZyIN6BB8RrKUgzBmtJwKeFAa4FRHw4nAhiMODVws7+8OOPmjuy/dKH2x7OMGBOnx92+CHQFjs53QZcDuMxluY59sx4Zl9iu+EGA7bcjbfTDIBako3NDuDUwiDNwHY4ccMZxjbJBwY8uRtnJ4C0HEjchlML++OfP/4dTtwP0SKRbjg7/QMBLQxmErxtQFt4gFo2GBgkyEvnELKFx8yat++w8QyQLTMMEgw3SOcUHEgwwO0X+/7jj2/++HZYtr+H/Zlkz5//8vKz0zd/+FBhJ4dLCxZ7wSoNCKhCAfINpKgeBaNgFIyCkQAAFPhjWRCA9bgAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"","institution":"University of Twente","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"Dr.","firstName":"Lisa","middleName":"","lastName":"Sanderink","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-07-30 00:09:41","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":{"humanSubjects":false,"vertebrateSubjects":false,"conflictsOfInterestStatement":false,"humanSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false,"humanSubjectConsent":false,"humanSubjectClinicalTrial":false,"humanSubjectCaseReport":false,"vertebrateSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false},"doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7247117/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7247117/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":88047758,"identity":"8d3ffd55-6a04-48f4-bc42-a819d6892aa5","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-07-31 18:49:18","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":982952,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"FromSkepticismtoSupportUnderstandingJakartasShiftTowardSolar.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7247117/v1_covered_1d1439d7-c5ba-4da2-bc0c-af723a0e4a0a.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"The authors declare no competing interests.","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFrom Skepticism to Support: Understanding Jakarta’s Shift Toward Solar\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"University of Twente","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Systems Renewable Energy RPVSS Policy Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) Energy Trilemma (Security, Affordability, Sustainability) Solar Energy Adoption Public Perception","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7247117/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7247117/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eThis study explores the adoption of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems in Indonesia, specifically under the RPVSS policy framework. 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