Measurement and Analysis of the Effect of Solar Flare Turbulence on Thermal X-ray Flux Propagation

Measurement and Analysis of the Effect of Solar Flare Turbulence on Thermal X-ray Flux Propagation | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Measurement and Analysis of the Effect of Solar Flare Turbulence on Thermal X-ray Flux Propagation Pramod Kumar, R. K. Choudhary This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4827884/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The impact of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) turbulence of the solar flare plasma atmosphere on the thermal X-ray flux propagation in 1−10 keV energy range has been examined. As the MHD turbulence consists density, velocity and magnetic field fluctuations, we specifically examined how the fluctuations in the density field over the inertial sub-range affect the index of refraction of the atmosphere. The fluctuations in the index of refraction lead to variations in the properties of X-ray flux of 1 − 10 keV energy passing through it – a phe nomenon known as optical turbulence. We measured and analysed parameters of optical turbulence and spatial coherence by using the structure and second order mutual coherence functions. The mean values obtained were: index of refraction ≈ 1.309885 × 10 −4 , index of refraction structure constant ≈ 1.70856 × 10 −13 m −2/3 , Kolmogorov power density spectrum ≈ 7.38468 × 10 11 J m −3 , spatial coherence radius ≈ 8.76129 × 10 −12 m, and spatial coherence ≈ 5.75347 17 × 10 −24 m 2. We observed that the spatial coherence parameters decreased as the turbulence strength increased over the inertial sub-range length scale of the turbulence. This indicates that the density fluctuations significantly affect the spatial coherence properties of the thermal X-ray flux passing through it. Our findings exhibit the presence of strong optical turbulence covering the entire loop half-length of the solar flare. The analysis of the results show a compressible, density fluctuations and dispersive nature of the X-ray flux over the inertial sub-range scale in the solar flare turbulence. The density fluctuation is found associated with the non-linear cascade of the turbulent energy, compressible, fast and slow modes of the MHD turbulence. Flares Solar Turbulence MHD Fluctuations Density Turbulence Optical Coherence Spatial Functions Structure/Mutual Coherence Propagation Thermal X-ray Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4827884","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":345357669,"identity":"49d1bf28-af38-4707-b4bd-c9f400934d7f","order_by":0,"name":"Pramod Kumar","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA0klEQVRIiWNgGAWjYJACA8YGBgZ+ECuhgBQtkg0gLQbEWgPSYnAArJsI1ebShx8UfNxxx974/OrEDw8MGOT5xQ7g12LZl2ZgOPPMs8RtN95ulgA6zHDm7AT8WgzOMBgY87YdTjC7cXYDSEuCwW2CWtg/gLTYG884u/kHkVp4wLYwbuDv3UacLZY9PAWGM9sOJ864wbvNIsFAgrBfzHnYtxl8BDqMv//s5ps/Kmzk+aUJOYyBgQ0SGRJglRL4lUO1MD8As/gPEFY9CkbBKBgFIxMAAJzlRhlAm1TvAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"S. 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As the MHD turbulence consists density, velocity and magnetic field fluctuations, we specifically examined how the fluctuations in the density field over the inertial sub-range affect the index of refraction of the atmosphere. The fluctuations in the index of refraction lead to variations in the properties of X-ray flux of 1 − 10 keV energy passing through it – a phe nomenon known as optical turbulence. We measured and analysed parameters of optical turbulence and spatial coherence by using the structure and second order mutual coherence functions. The mean values obtained were: index of refraction ≈ 1.309885 × 10 −4 , index of refraction structure constant ≈ 1.70856 × 10 −13 m −2/3 , Kolmogorov power density spectrum ≈ 7.38468 × 10 11 J m −3 , spatial coherence radius ≈ 8.76129 × 10 −12 m, and spatial coherence ≈ 5.75347 17 × 10 −24 m 2. 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