Efficient Removal of Amoxicillin, Ciprofloxacin, and Tetracycline from Aqueous Solution Utilizing Cu-doped Bi2O3 Material

Efficient Removal of Amoxicillin, Ciprofloxacin, and Tetracycline from Aqueous Solution Utilizing Cu-doped Bi2O3 Material | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Efficient Removal of Amoxicillin, Ciprofloxacin, and Tetracycline from Aqueous Solution Utilizing Cu-doped Bi2O3 Material Fatkhiyatus Saadah, Heri Sutanto, hadiyanto hadiyanto, Ilham Alkian This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3716023/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract This study investigates the effectiveness of the Cu-doped Bi 2 O 3 method for removing antibiotics. Cu at varying concentrations of 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8% was used to synthesize Bi 2 O 3 material successfully. The optimal results were obtained by adding 4% Cu to the Bi 2 O 3 matrix. Cu-doped Bi 2 O 3 was characterized by an energy band gap of 2.32 eV, a crystal size of 37.04 nm, and α- Bi 2 O 3 and Rouaite phases. Material containing Cu-doped Bi 2 O 3 was used to degrade antibiotics such as amoxicillin (AMX), ciprofloxacin (CIP), and tetracycline (TC). The various removal techniques investigated include adsorption, photolysis, and photocatalysis. The photocatalytic procedure yielded the highest results in terms of degradation efficiency. The removal efficiency of each antibiotic using the photocatalytic method varies, with AMX at 52.06%, CIP at 61.72%, and TC at 69.44%. Cu-doped Bi 2 O 3 degraded TC-type antibiotics more rapidly, with a reaction rate constant of 0.0065 minutes − 1 , according to the results of the reaction rate constants. The high removal efficiency and rapid reaction rate indicate that Cu-doped Bi 2 O 3 is an effective antibiotic removal agent, especially for tetracycline-type antibiotics. Removal Technology Bi 2 O 3 Cu doping Antibiotics Photocatalysis Full Text Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-3716023","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":265528318,"identity":"0e551123-551c-4682-ad39-4df0bd2deb08","order_by":0,"name":"Fatkhiyatus Saadah","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAABBElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBAC9gYGZmYGAyiPt8EGSDI2HsCnhecAM0QLD0RLGkhLAxFaGOBaDoNF8WthP3/YuKDgsLy9RPrjD293nLdb234YaEuNTTROLTzJzMkzDA4b9kjkmEnOPXM7eduZRKCWY2m5DTi02DMkMx/mMTjMCNTCxszbdjvZ7ABQC2PDYZxaePgfg7XY9wAd9pm37Vyy2fmHBLRIAB0G1JLYI5FgIM3bdsDO7AYhWyQeGxvzGKQn95x5A/RLW3KC2Q2gLQl4/MLDn/hYmuePtW17OyjE2uzszc6nP3zwocYGpxYoaIazEsEqE/ArB4E6OMuesOJRMApGwSgYaQAA7plgM7PU+ekAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4049-8275","institution":"Diponegoro University School of Postgraduate Studies: Universitas Diponegoro Sekolah Pascasarjana","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Fatkhiyatus","middleName":"","lastName":"Saadah","suffix":""},{"id":265528319,"identity":"4580026c-432d-486f-8e75-d29a4a65b053","order_by":1,"name":"Heri Sutanto","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7119-9633","institution":"Diponegoro University Faculty of Science and Mathematics: Universitas Diponegoro Fakultas Sains dan Matematika","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Heri","middleName":"","lastName":"Sutanto","suffix":""},{"id":265528320,"identity":"9358eda1-07a8-4e00-94c3-f28d2b301b88","order_by":2,"name":"hadiyanto hadiyanto","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Diponegoro University Faculty of Engineering: Universitas Diponegoro Fakultas Teknik","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"hadiyanto","middleName":"","lastName":"hadiyanto","suffix":""},{"id":265528321,"identity":"d3a5c9e0-51b1-4458-8342-0c961d766e02","order_by":3,"name":"Ilham Alkian","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Diponegoro University School of Postgraduate Studies: Universitas Diponegoro Sekolah Pascasarjana","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ilham","middleName":"","lastName":"Alkian","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2023-12-06 16:26:04","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3716023/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3716023/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":54411897,"identity":"3d9d8aaf-9717-4d84-9208-b1cdd14eb18c","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-04-10 05:47:30","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":838991,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"REVJurnalFatkhiyatusSEfficientRemoval.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3716023/v1_covered_a2efc563-9054-40be-8371-1e75c484b544.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"","formattedTitle":"Efficient Removal of Amoxicillin, Ciprofloxacin, and Tetracycline from Aqueous Solution Utilizing Cu-doped Bi2O3 Material","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Removal Technology, Bi 2 O 3 , Cu doping, Antibiotics, Photocatalysis","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3716023/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3716023/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eThis study investigates the effectiveness of the Cu-doped Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e method for removing antibiotics. Cu at varying concentrations of 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8% was used to synthesize Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e material successfully. The optimal results were obtained by adding 4% Cu to the Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e matrix. Cu-doped Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e was characterized by an energy band gap of 2.32 eV, a crystal size of 37.04 nm, and α- Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e and Rouaite phases. Material containing Cu-doped Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e was used to degrade antibiotics such as amoxicillin (AMX), ciprofloxacin (CIP), and tetracycline (TC). The various removal techniques investigated include adsorption, photolysis, and photocatalysis. The photocatalytic procedure yielded the highest results in terms of degradation efficiency. The removal efficiency of each antibiotic using the photocatalytic method varies, with AMX at 52.06%, CIP at 61.72%, and TC at 69.44%. Cu-doped Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e degraded TC-type antibiotics more rapidly, with a reaction rate constant of 0.0065 minutes\u003csup\u003e− 1\u003c/sup\u003e, according to the results of the reaction rate constants. The high removal efficiency and rapid reaction rate indicate that Cu-doped Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e is an effective antibiotic removal agent, especially for tetracycline-type antibiotics.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Efficient Removal of Amoxicillin, Ciprofloxacin, and Tetracycline from Aqueous Solution Utilizing Cu-doped Bi2O3 Material","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2024-01-08 06:40:13","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3716023/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"dedbaf4e-cb82-4206-9c21-77ca8ac34db3","owner":[],"postedDate":"January 8th, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2024-04-10T05:39:21+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2024-01-08 06:40:13","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-3716023","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-3716023","identity":"rs-3716023","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"qtupq5eGEP_6zYnWcrvyt","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}