In vitro antioxidant and anticancer potentials of sulfated polysaccharides from Chnoospora implexa J. Agardh: A Sustainable Approach

Abstract The synthesis, characterization, and biological efficacy of sulfated polysaccharides namely fucoidan from the thallus of Chnoospora implexa J Agardh which is extracted with 0.1 M HCl and processed by DEAE cellulose to yield portions of fucoidan with molar mass of 20, 30, and 25 kDa, serially. The yields of fucoidan in F1, F2, and F3 are 18.3%, 27.7%, and 15.1%, respectively. F2 has the greatest sulphate concentration (23.7%), followed by F3 (12.1%) and F1 (7.8%). Following this, the fractions in vitro antioxidant activity was determined by employing the superoxide radical-scavenging test and hydroxyl radical-scavenging assay at different doses in g/m. The analysis demonstrated outstanding antioxidant activity for all the three fractions, with the F2 fucoidan showing the highest antioxidant activity. Further analysis of anticancer activity of F2 fucoidan was conducted on human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells using the MTT assay, LDH assay, Phase-contrast fluorescence microscopic analysis, DAPI staining assay and cell cycle analysis. Western Blot analysis, Caspase enzyme activity test and DNA fragmentation assay were used to investigate the apoptosis. From the findings of the analysis, the F2 fraction had an outstanding anticancer effect on MCF-7 cells, with an IC50 value of 500 g/mL.