T2-FUCR: A Type 2 Fuzzy Unequal Cluster-Based Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

T2-FUCR: A Type 2 Fuzzy Unequal Cluster-Based Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article T2-FUCR: A Type 2 Fuzzy Unequal Cluster-Based Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks N Geetha This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7796052/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Internet of Things (IoT) have achieved popularity because of its intuitive nature and human beings are moving towards technology world full of automation and smart environment. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are utilized in the design of IoT for monitoring the environment, gathering the data and forwarding to the base station for further analysis. In this scenario, it is necessary to have intelligent routing to improve the Quality of Service (QoS) at the cost of optimization of energy utilization and throughput. Type 2 fuzzy systems are predominantly used in the fields of intelligent control and automation. The proposed T2-FUCR: A Type 2 Fuzzy Unequal Cluster-Based Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks employs fuzzy decision theory using Interval Type-2 fuzzy sets, to cleverly exploit the uncertainty modeled by the network to arrive at the ultimate optimal route for routing the data in WSN. T2-FUCR uses Residual energy, Node Degree, Distance to the Sink Node and Geometric Centrality as input parameter to fuzzy system and select nodes with high cluster head selection probability as cluster heads (CHs). Routing protocol chooses optimized routing minimizing the energy consumption and improves the network lifetime. From the experiments conducted, the proposed model provides better performance with respect to energy utilization, packet delivery ratio and network lifetime. Routing Type 2 Fuzzy Energy unequal cluster Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7796052","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":534789234,"identity":"cb8fbfa6-3f9e-4386-9305-b47529d06745","order_by":0,"name":"N 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Networks","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Routing, Type 2 Fuzzy, Energy, unequal cluster","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7796052/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7796052/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eInternet of Things (IoT) have achieved popularity because of its intuitive nature and human beings are moving towards technology world full of automation and smart environment. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are utilized in the design of IoT for monitoring the environment, gathering the data and forwarding to the base station for further analysis. In this scenario, it is necessary to have intelligent routing to improve the Quality of Service (QoS) at the cost of optimization of energy utilization and throughput. Type 2 fuzzy systems are predominantly used in the fields of intelligent control and automation. The proposed T2-FUCR: A Type 2 Fuzzy Unequal Cluster-Based Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks employs fuzzy decision theory using Interval Type-2 fuzzy sets, to cleverly exploit the uncertainty modeled by the network to arrive at the ultimate optimal route for routing the data in WSN. T2-FUCR uses Residual energy, Node Degree, Distance to the Sink Node and Geometric Centrality as input parameter to fuzzy system and select nodes with high cluster head selection probability as cluster heads (CHs). Routing protocol chooses optimized routing minimizing the energy consumption and improves the network lifetime. From the experiments conducted, the proposed model provides better performance with respect to energy utilization, packet delivery ratio and network lifetime.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"T2-FUCR: A Type 2 Fuzzy Unequal Cluster-Based Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-10-28 16:32:28","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7796052/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"bfce9ee8-2803-4920-9670-a1606b190251","owner":[],"postedDate":"October 28th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-12-16T11:09:05+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-10-28 16:32:28","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-7796052","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-7796052","identity":"rs-7796052","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}