Perceived safety, effectiveness and acceptability of R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine among pediatric health practitioners and caregivers in Southeast Nigeria: a cross-sectional study

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Although major investments have supported the development and clinical trials of the novel R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine, little attention has been given to how frontline pediatric health practitioners and caregivers perceive this new intervention, especially in high-burden settings. Their confidence and acceptance are critical to successful vaccine rollout. This study therefore explored the perceptions of safety, effectiveness, and acceptability of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine among pediatric health practitioners and caregivers in Southeast Nigeria, with the goal of generating context-specific evidence to guide implementation strategies in malaria-endemic regions. Methods The study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional design using a quantitative approach. 406 pediatric health practitioners and caregivers in Awka, Southeast Nigeria, were recruited for the study by stratified sampling. Data were collected using structured questionnaire that assessed socio-demographic characteristics, awareness of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine, perceived safety, perceived effectiveness, acceptability, and perceived barriers and facilitators to vaccine uptake. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 20. Descriptive statistics summarized key variables, while Chi-square tests examined associations between perceptions and willingness to recommend or accept the vaccine, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Results Awareness of the R21/Matrix-M vaccine was relatively low among pediatric health practitioners (52.7%) and caregivers (38.6%). Most pediatric practitioners perceived the vaccine as safe (83.8%) and effective (86.9%), and 75.7% were willing to recommend it. Caregivers demonstrated moderate perceptions of safety (57.1%) and effectiveness (54.9%), with 53.3% expressing willingness to vaccinate their children. Perceived safety was significantly associated with willingness to recommend the vaccine among practitioners (p < 0.001) and with acceptability among caregivers (p < 0.001). Key facilitators for vaccine acceptance included targeted health education, positive media coverage, and government endorsement, while major barriers encompassed insufficient information, safety concerns, and parental resistance. Conclusions Perceptions of safety and effectiveness are key drivers of advocacy and acceptability of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine. Targeted health education, proactive management of misinformation, and reliable vaccine access are essential to support effective rollout. Policy-driven interventions engaging both healthcare professionals and caregivers can accelerate uptake and strengthen malaria control efforts in Nigeria. R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine vaccine acceptability vaccine perception pediatric health practitioners caregivers 1. Background Malaria is a life-threatening parasitic disease caused by Plasmodium species [ 1 ]. It is transmitted through the bite of infected Anopheles mosquitoes and typically presents with recurrent fever, chills, anemia, and splenomegaly due to cyclic red blood cell destruction [ 1 ]. Five Plasmodium species infect humans, with P. falciparum and P. vivax posing the greatest global threat. P. falciparum is the most lethal and is highly prevalent in Africa, whereas P. vivax predominates in many regions outside sub-Saharan Africa. P. malariae , P. ovale , and P. knowlesi also contribute to human malaria infections [ 2 ]. Despite decades of control efforts, malaria remains a major global health challenge. In 2022, an estimated 249 million cases and 608,000 deaths occurred across 85 countries [ 2 ]. The World Health Organization (WHO) African Region accounted for 94% of all cases and 95% of deaths, with children under five years constituting the majority of fatalities [ 2 ]. Nigeria alone contributed 26.8% of global malaria deaths, followed by the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, and Mozambique [ 2 ]. Conventional control strategies—including insecticide-treated nets, indoor residual spraying, vector control, and artemisinin-based combination therapies—have been essential [ 3 – 4 ], but the growing emergence of insecticide and drug resistance continues to undermine progress [ 5 – 6 ]. These challenges highlight the need for complementary tools such as vaccination, which has historically been pivotal in reducing the burden of infectious diseases including polio, measles, diphtheria, tetanus, rabies, and smallpox [ 7 – 12 ]. Developing a malaria vaccine has long been hindered by the complexity of the parasite’s life cycle and antigenic diversity [ 13 ]. Important progress was achieved with the WHO-recommended RTS,S/AS01 vaccine, which demonstrated 36% efficacy against P. falciparum malaria in phase 3 trials among children aged 5–17 months [ 14 , 15 ]. Implementation in Ghana, Kenya, and Malawi showed high uptake and reductions in severe malaria hospitalizations and all-cause mortality [ 16 , 17 ]. Additional evidence from Burkina Faso and Mali demonstrated that seasonal RTS,S administration, alone or combined with chemoprevention, substantially reduced malaria incidence and related deaths [ 18 ]. Continued progress toward malaria elimination requires new vaccine candidates capable of achieving higher efficacy and broader coverage, in line with the WHO target of at least 75% efficacy by 2030 [ 19 ]. The R21/Matrix-M pre-erythrocytic vaccine, developed at the University of Oxford and manufactured by the Serum Institute of India, represents one such advancement [ 20 ]. Designed to enhance anti-circumsporozoite immune responses, R21/Matrix-M demonstrated 77% efficacy over two years in a phase 2b trial in Burkina Faso [ 20 ] and achieved 67–72% efficacy across diverse transmission settings in phase 3 trials in East and West Africa [ 21 ]. The vaccine was endorsed by the WHO in October 2023 and added to the WHO prequalified list in December 2023 [ 22 ]. Nigeria provisionally approved its use in April 2023 [ 23 ]. However, the successful rollout of malaria vaccines in Nigeria may be challenged by past experiences of low vaccination coverage and public hesitancy, as seen in the country’s prolonged struggle with poliovirus transmission [ 24 ]. Cultural, social, and religious factors have also historically influenced vaccine acceptance and compliance [ 25 ]. Pediatric health practitioners and caregivers are central to vaccine advocacy and uptake, yet little is known about their perceptions of the R21/Matrix-M vaccine in Nigeria. Understanding their views is essential for anticipating potential barriers and designing effective communication strategies. This study therefore explored the perceptions of pediatric health practitioners and caregivers in Awka, Southeast Nigeria, focusing on the perceived safety, effectiveness, and acceptability of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine. Findings from this research will support efforts to integrate the vaccine into national malaria control strategies and improve child health outcomes in Nigeria. 2. Methods 2.1 Study Area The study was conducted in Awka, Southeast, Nigeria. The city is geographically positioned between latitude 6.2°N and longitude 7.1°E, covering an approximate area of 72 square kilometers [ 26 ]. Awka is home to a diverse population, estimated at over 300,000 residents, comprising various ethnic groups, though predominantly Igbo. The city has a mix of urban and semi-urban settlements, with varying socio-economic statuses among its inhabitants. Awka is known for its warm tropical climate, characterized by two distinct seasons: the rainy season (April to October) and the dry season (November to March) [ 27 ]. Awka is particularly relevant to this study due to its high malaria prevalence (87.3%) [ 28 ], which aligns with Nigeria's status as one of the countries with the highest malaria burden globally. 2.2 Study Design The study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional design using a quantitative approach. This approach is well-suited for assessing the perceptions, knowledge, and attitudes of specific populations at a single point in time [ 27 ]. 2.3 Study Population The study population comprised pediatric health practitioners (pediatric doctors, nurses, nurse practitioners, pharmacists, laboratory technicians, and public health practitioners who are involved in providing care and services to pediatric patients) and caregivers in Awka, Southeast, Nigeria. Eligible participants were those aged 18 years and above and who provided informed consent. Individuals who had significant health or cognitive limitations were excluded. 2.4 Sample Size Determination The sample size for the study was determined using the Fisher’s formula for calculating minimum sample size for cross sectional studies $$n=\frac{{Z}^{2}*p(1-p)}{{e}^{2}}$$ Where n – minimum sample size required Z – Z-score corresponding to 95% confidence level (1.96) p – Awareness level of the new malaria vaccine in the region, set at 48.2% [ 29 ], e – Margin of error tolerated (0.05) Hence, To account for non-response, 10% (38 participants) was added to give a final sample size of 422. 2.5 Sampling Technique The study employed a stratified sampling approach to ensure representation of the two key groups: pediatric health practitioners and caregivers. Stratification allowed for proportional inclusion of both groups to capture varied perspectives on the perceived safety, effectiveness, and acceptability of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine: Pediatric health practitioners – including pediatricians, nurses, nurse practitioners, pharmacists, laboratory technicians, and public health practitioners involved in child healthcare. Caregivers – parents, guardians, and primary caregivers of children eligible for the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine. Within each stratum, participants who met the inclusion criteria and were available during the study period were consecutively recruited until the target sample size was achieved. Population estimates were based on previous studies at Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Teaching Hospital (COOUTH), Awka [ 26 , 27 ], reporting 288 health practitioners [ 26 ] and 250 caregivers [ 27 ]. Proportional allocation of the total sample size (422) was applied: Pediatric health practitioners: \(\frac{288}{(288+250)}*422\approx226\) Caregivers: \(\frac{250}{(288+250)}*422\approx196\) Thus, 226 pediatric health practitioners and 196 caregivers were consecutively recruited for participation. 2.6 Instrument for Data Collection Data collection was carried out using a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire was developed based on a review of existing literature and validated scales used in similar studies. The questionnaire was tailored to the specific context of this study, capturing both pediatric health practitioners and caregivers. The questionnaire included the following sections: Section A: Demographic information of respondents This section contained information on the socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents. There were eight items for pediatric health practitioners and nine items for caregivers. Variables included age, gender, marital status, educational level, among others. Section B: Perceived safety of the vaccine This variable refers to beliefs about the safety of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine for children. It was measured quantitatively using a 4-point Likert scale with items such as "I believe the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine is safe for children," ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree). The mean score was determined. Mean score of 2.5 indicated positive perception. Section C: Perceived effectiveness of the vaccine This variable refers to beliefs about the effectiveness of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine in preventing malaria. There were five items in this section. It was measured quantitatively using a 4-point Likert scale with items such as "I believe the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine is effective in preventing malaria," ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree). The mean score was determined. Mean score of 2.5 indicated positive perception. Section D: Acceptability of the vaccine This variable refers to the acceptability of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine. There were five items for pediatric health practitioners and four items for caregivers. It was quantitatively measured using a 4-point Likert scale with items such as "I am willing to recommend the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine to parents" ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree). The mean score was determined. Mean score of 2.5 indicated high acceptability. The mean score for each perception statement was calculated based on the 4-point Likert scale (1 to 4). The formula used for calculating the mean score was: $$MeanScore=\frac{\sum\left(Frequency*Scalevalue\right)}{Totalresponses}$$ Section E: Perceived barriers and facilitators for acceptability of the vaccine These variables refer to the perceived factors that hinder or promote the acceptability and uptake of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine. These were identified using multiple-choice questions in the questionnaire, such as "What factors might prevent you from recommending the vaccine?" and "What barriers do you foresee in recommending or administering this vaccine?" and "What factors would make you more supportive of this vaccine?" 2.7 Validation of Instruments The questionnaire underwent face and content validation. A Professor of Epidemiology and a Public Health Research Consultant reviewed the items to ensure they were clear, relevant, and adequately covered all constructs of interest. 2.8 Procedure for Data Collection Data were collected between September and October 2024, using a structured questionnaire distributed in paper format. Six trained research assistants, who received comprehensive training on the study objectives, ethical considerations, and questionnaire administration, facilitated the process. Participants were recruited from healthcare facilities and community centers in Awka. While the questionnaire was primarily self-administered, research assistants provided guided administration for participants requiring assistance due to literacy challenges or other limitations. Completed questionnaires were collected immediately after completion, with research assistants ensuring thorough checks for completeness and legibility. The principal investigator supervised the process, conducting regular debriefing sessions to address challenges and maintain adherence to the study protocol. This structured approach ensured the collection of reliable and high-quality data for analysis. 2.9 Data Management All collected questionnaires were digitized and stored electronically using the Kobo Toolbox, and original paper copies kept secured and accessible only to the principal investigator. 2.10 Data Analysis Data in electronic format was uploaded into IBM SPSS version 20. The data was checked for completeness, accuracy, and consistency. Missing data was addressed appropriately. Descriptive statistics was used to summarize the demographic characteristics. Descriptive measures such as frequencies and percent were used to summarize the responses for perceived safety, perceived effectiveness, and acceptability of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine. Chi-square test was used to test associations between variables with p-value set at < 0.05 for significant associations. 3. Results Out of the 422 questionnaires distributed (226 for pediatric health practitioners and 196 for caregivers), 406 (96.2%) were returned, with a response rate of 98.2% (222 out of 226) for pediatric health practitioners and 93.9% (184 out of 196) for caregivers. 3.1 Socio-demographic characteristics of respondents The demographic characteristics of pediatric health practitioners as reported in Table 1 revealed that the majority were female 171 (77.0%) and predominantly aged 21–30 years 115 (51.8%). Most were single 166 (74.8%) and held a Bachelor’s degree 124 (55.9%). Nearly all participants identified as Christians 221 (99.5%). Professionally, the largest groups were Nurses 72 (32.4%) and Public Health practitioners 61 (27.5%). Regarding experience, 104 (46.8%) had less than one year of professional practice, and 67 (30.2%) had 1–5 years Table 1 Socio-demography of pediatric health practitioners Variable Frequency Percent (%) Gender Female 171 77 Male 51 23 Total 222 100 Age Group Less than 20 years 42 18.9 21–30 years 115 51.8 31–40 years 47 21.2 41–50 years 18 8.1 Total 222 100 Marital Status Single 166 74.8 Married 55 24.8 Separated 1 0.5 Total 222 100 Highest Educational Attainment National Diploma 68 30.6 Bachelor's Degree 124 55.9 Master's Degree 23 10.4 Doctoral Degree 5 2.3 Postdoctoral Training 2 0.9 Total 222 100 Religion Christianity 221 99.5 Islam 1 0.5 Total 222 100 Role Nurse 72 32.4 Public Health Practitioner 61 27.5 Laboratory Technician 26 11.7 Pharmacist 25 11.3 Nurse Practitioner 22 9.9 Pediatric Doctor 16 7.2 Total 222 100 Years of Experience Less than 1 year 104 46.8 1–5 years 67 30.2 6–10 years 39 17.6 11–15 years 12 5.4 Total 222 100 Values are presented as frequencies and percentages. Percentages were calculated based on the total number of pediatric health practitioners (n = 222) The socio-demographic characteristics of caregivers in Table 2 revealed that most were female 135 (73.4%) and aged 41–50 years 81 (44.0%). The majority were married 168 (91.3%) and had tertiary 86 (46.7%) or secondary 74 (40.2%) education. All caregivers identified as Christians 184 (100%), with most employed in non-healthcare sectors 123 (66.8%). Parents constituted 170 (92.4%) of the caregivers, and 52 (28.3%) had three children, followed by 42 (22.8%) with four children. Table 2 Socio-demography of caregivers Variable Frequency Percent (%) Gender Female 135 73.4 Male 49 26.6 Total 184 100 Age Group Less than 20 years 1 0.5 21–30 years 20 10.9 31–40 years 40 21.7 41–50 years 81 44 51 years and above 42 22.8 Total 184 100 Marital Status Married 168 91.3 Single 9 4.9 Widowed 7 3.8 Total 184 100 Educational Attainment Primary 24 13 Secondary 74 40.2 Tertiary 86 46.7 Total 184 100 Religion Christianity 184 100 Occupation Healthcare sector 15 8.2 Non-healthcare sector 123 66.8 Student 8 4.3 Unemployed 38 20.7 Total 184 100 Relationship with the Child Parent 170 92.4 Guardian 6 3.3 Grandparent 4 2.2 Sibling 4 2.2 Total 184 100 Number of Children 1 30 16.3 2 25 13.6 3 52 28.3 4 42 22.8 5 and above 35 19 Total 184 100 Values are presented as frequencies and percentages. Percentages were calculated based on the total number of pediatric health practitioners (n = 184) 3.2 Awareness of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine From Table 3 , among pediatric health practitioners, 117 (52.7%) were aware of the R21/Matrix-M Malaria Vaccine. In contrast, among caregivers, only 71 (38.6%) were aware of the vaccine. Table 3 Awareness of pediatric health practitioners and caregivers regarding the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine Awareness Statement Pediatric Health Practitioners (n = 222) Caregivers (n = 184) Total (n = 406) Heard of R21/Matrix-M Vaccine 117 (52.7%) 71 (38.6%) 188 (46.3%) Not Heard of R21/Matrix-M Vaccine 105 (47.3%) 113 (61.4%) 218 (53.7%) Values are presented as frequencies and percentages. Percentages were calculated within each respondent group. 3.3 Perceived safety of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine The results in Table 4 revealed that majority (83.8%, 186) agreed or strongly agreed that the vaccine is safe for children, with a mean score of 3.1. Despite this, concerns about potential side effects were prevalent, as 87.4% (194) agreed or strongly agreed with this statement, yielding a lower mean score of 1.9. Confidence in the clinical trials was high, with 78.4% (174) expressing agreement or strong agreement and a mean score of 2.9. Similarly, 80.2% (178) believed the benefits of the vaccine outweigh its risks, with a mean score of 2.9. Trust in safety information provided by health authorities was strong, as 83.4% (185) agreed or strongly agreed, resulting in a mean score of 3.0. Table 4 Perceived safety of pediatric health practitioners regarding the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine Perceived Safety Statement Option Frequency (n = 222) Percent (%) Mean Score I believe the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine is safe for children Strongly agree 51 23.0 3.1 Agree 135 60.8 Disagree 22 9.9 Strongly disagree 4 1.8 Non-response 10 4.5 I am concerned about potential side effects of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine Strongly agree 40 18.0 1.9 Agree 154 69.4 Disagree 17 7.7 Strongly disagree 5 2.3 Non-response 6 2.7 I have confidence in the clinical trials conducted for the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine Strongly agree 11 5.0 2.9 Agree 163 73.4 Disagree 27 12.2 Strongly disagree 5 2.3 Non-response 16 7.2 I believe the benefits of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine outweigh its risks Strongly agree 12 5.4 2.9 Agree 166 74.8 Disagree 23 10.4 Strongly disagree 8 3.6 Non-response 13 5.9 I trust the safety information provided by health authorities regarding the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine Strongly agree 25 11.3 3.0 Agree 160 72.1 Disagree 19 8.6 Strongly disagree 5 2.3 Non-response 13 5.9 Values are presented as frequencies and percentages. Mean scores were calculated using a 4-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree, 4 = strongly agree) according to the formula: Mean Score = (Σ(Frequency × Scale value)) / Total responses. Non-responses were recorded to ensure transparency in interpretation. For interpretation, mean scores 2.5 indicate positive perception regarding the safety of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine. From Table 5 , while 98 caregivers (53.3%) agreed that the vaccine is safe for children, a significant portion, 64 caregivers (34.8%), disagreed, yielding a moderate mean score of 2.6. Similarly, 95 caregivers (51.6%) believed the vaccine's benefits outweigh its risks, although 67 caregivers (36.4%) disagreed, with a mean score of 2.6. Concerns about potential side effects were prevalent, with 103 caregivers (56.0%) expressing worry, reflected in a mean score of 2.4. Confidence in clinical trials for the vaccine was notably low, with only 88 caregivers (47.8%) agreeing and 71 caregivers (38.6%) disagreeing, resulting in the lowest mean score of 1.7. Trust in safety information from health authorities showed moderate levels, with 89 caregivers (48.4%) expressing trust and a mean score of 2.6. Table 5 Perceived safety of caregivers regarding the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine Perceived Safety Statement Option Frequency (n = 184) Percent (%) Mean Score I believe the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine is safe for children Strongly agree 7 3.8 2.6 Agree 98 53.3 Disagree 64 34.8 Strongly disagree 6 3.3 Non-response 9 4.9 I am concerned about potential side effects of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine Strongly agree 8 4.3 2.4 Agree 103 56.0 Disagree 64 34.8 Strongly disagree 4 2.2 Non-response 5 2.7 I have confidence in the clinical trials conducted for the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine Strongly agree 4 2.2 1.7 Agree 88 47.8 Disagree 71 38.6 Strongly disagree 4 2.2 Non-response 17 9.2 I believe the benefits of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine outweigh its risks Strongly agree 5 2.7 2.6 Agree 95 51.6 Disagree 67 36.4 Strongly disagree 3 1.6 Non-response 14 7.6 I trust the safety information provided by health authorities regarding the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine Strongly agree 8 4.3 2.6 Agree 89 48.4 Disagree 66 35.9 Strongly disagree 4 2.2 Non-response 17 9.2 Values are presented as frequencies and percentages. Mean scores were calculated using a 4-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree, 4 = strongly agree) according to the formula: Mean Score = (Σ(Frequency × Scale value)) / Total responses. Non-responses were recorded to ensure transparency in interpretation. For interpretation, mean scores 2.5 indicate positive perception regarding the safety of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine. 3.4 Perceived effectiveness of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine Findings from Table 6 revealed that, among pediatric health practitioners, a significant majority perceive the R21-Matrix-M malaria vaccine as effective. Specifically, 169 respondents (76.1%) indicated that they believe the vaccine is effective in preventing malaria in children, with a mean score of 3.0. Additionally, 170 respondents (76.6%) agreed that the vaccine will reduce the incidence of malaria in their community, supported by a mean score of 2.9. Regarding trust in the effectiveness data, 159 respondents (71.6%) expressed confidence, with a mean score of 2.9. Furthermore, 175 respondents (78.8%) believed the vaccine would have a long-term impact on malaria eradication, reflecting a strong positive perception. 171 respondents (77.0%) supported the idea that the vaccine will help in reducing morbidity and mortality associated with malaria, maintaining a mean score of 3.0. Table 6 Perceived effectiveness of pediatric health practitioners regarding the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine Perceived Effectiveness Statement Option Frequency (n = 222) Percent (%) Mean Score I believe the R21-Matrix-M malaria vaccine is effective in preventing malaria in children Strongly agree 24 10.8 3.0 Agree 169 76.1 Disagree 13 5.9 Strongly disagree 6 2.7 Non-response 10 4.5 I think the R21-Matrix-M malaria vaccine will reduce the incidence of malaria in our community Strongly agree 17 7.7 2.9 Agree 170 76.6 Disagree 14 6.3 Strongly disagree 10 4.5 Non-response 11 5.0 I trust the effectiveness data presented in the research studies on the R21-Matrix-M malaria vaccine Strongly agree 16 7.2 2.9 Agree 159 71.6 Disagree 26 11.7 Strongly disagree 4 1.8 Non-response 17 7.7 I believe the R21-matrix-M malaria vaccine will have a long-term impact on malaria eradication Strongly agree 13 5.9 2.9 Agree 175 78.8 Disagree 21 9.5 Strongly disagree 4 1.8 Non-response 9 4.1 I believe the R21-Matrix-M malaria vaccine will help in the reduction of morbidity and mortality associated with malaria Strongly agree 25 11.3 3.0 Agree 171 77.0 Disagree 17 7.7 Strongly disagree 3 1.4 Non-response 6 2.7 Values are presented as frequencies and percentages. Mean scores were calculated using a 4-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree, 4 = strongly agree) according to the formula: Mean Score = (Σ(Frequency × Scale value)) / Total responses. Non-responses were recorded to ensure transparency in interpretation. For interpretation, mean scores 2.5 indicate positive perception regarding the safety of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine. Results from Table 7 revealed that caregivers largely agreed on the effectiveness of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine. Specifically, 51.6% (95) of caregivers believe the vaccine is effective in preventing malaria in children and 47.8% (88) think the vaccine will reduce the incidence of malaria in their community. While 50.5% (93) trust the effectiveness data presented in research studies on the vaccine, 50.0% (92) believe the vaccine will have a long-term impact on malaria eradication. 51.6% (95) also agreed that the vaccine will help reduce morbidity and mortality associated with malaria. The mean scores ranged from approximately 2.6 to 2.7 across the different statements. Table 7 Perceived effectiveness of caregivers regarding the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine Perceived Effectiveness Statement Option Frequency (n = 184) Percent (%) Mean Score I believe the R21-Matrix-M malaria vaccine is effective in preventing malaria in children Strongly agree 6 3.3 2.6 Agree 95 51.6 Disagree 67 36.4 Strongly disagree 2 1.1 Non-response 14 7.6 I think the R21-Matrix-M malaria vaccine will reduce the incidence of malaria in our community Strongly agree 10 5.4 2.6 Agree 88 47.8 Disagree 66 35.9 Strongly disagree 1 0.5 Non-response 19 10.3 I trust the effectiveness data presented in the research studies on the R21-Matrix-M malaria vaccine Strongly agree 7 3.8 2.6 Agree 93 50.5 Disagree 63 34.2 Strongly disagree 3 1.6 Non-response 18 9.8 I believe the R21-matrix-M malaria vaccine will have a long-term impact on malaria eradication Strongly agree 11 6.0 2.7 Agree 92 50.0 Disagree 65 35.3 Strongly disagree 2 1.1 Non-response 14 7.6 I believe the R21-Matrix-M malaria vaccine will help in the reduction of morbidity and mortality associated with malaria Strongly agree 9 4.9 2.6 Agree 95 51.6 Disagree 62 33.7 Strongly disagree 4 2.2 Non-response 14 7.6 Values are presented as frequencies and percentages. Mean scores were calculated using a 4-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree, 4 = strongly agree) according to the formula: Mean Score = (Σ(Frequency × Scale value)) / Total responses. Non-responses were recorded to ensure transparency in interpretation. For interpretation, mean scores 2.5 indicate positive perception regarding the safety of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine. 3.5 Acceptability of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine From Table 8 , a significant majority of pediatric health practitioners expressed willingness to recommend the vaccine to parents, with 154 (69.4%) agreeing and a mean score of 2.9. Similarly, 170 (76.6%) were willing to have their own children vaccinated, and 167 (75.2%) would administer the vaccine in their practice. High agreement was also observed regarding community acceptance, with 160 (72.1%) believing parents would accept the vaccine. Additionally, most practitioners 173 (77.9%) emphasized the importance of vaccine availability in local health facilities, with a mean score of 3.0. Table 8 Pediatric health practitioners’ acceptability of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine Acceptability Statement Option Frequency (n = 222) Percent (%) Mean Score I am willing to recommend the R21-Matrix-M malaria vaccine to parents for their children Strongly agree 14 6.3 2.9 Agree 154 69.4 Disagree 28 12.6 Strongly disagree 6 2.7 Non-response 21 9.5 I would be willing to have my own children vaccinated with the R21-Matrix-M malaria vaccine Strongly agree 13 5.9 2.9 Agree 170 76.6 Disagree 14 6.3 Strongly disagree 10 4.5 Non-response 11 5.0 I would be willing to administer the R21-Matrix-M malaria vaccine in my practice Strongly agree 13 5.9 2.9 Agree 167 75.2 Disagree 22 9.9 Strongly disagree 3 1.4 Non-response 17 7.7 I believe parents in my community will accept the R21-Matrix-M malaria vaccine Strongly agree 9 4.1 2.8 Agree 160 72.1 Disagree 25 11.3 Strongly disagree 12 5.4 Non-response 16 7.2 I think the availability of the R21-Matrix-M malaria vaccine in local health facilities is important Strongly agree 19 8.6 3.0 Agree 173 77.9 Disagree 10 4.5 Strongly disagree 3 1.4 Non-response 17 7.7 Values are presented as frequencies and percentages. Mean scores were calculated using a 4-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree, 4 = strongly agree) according to the formula: Mean Score = (Σ(Frequency × Scale value)) / Total responses. Non-responses were recorded to ensure transparency in interpretation. For interpretation, mean scores 2.5 indicate high acceptability of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine among pediatric health practitioners. From Table 9 , almost half of the caregivers, 86 (46.7%), agreed to recommend the vaccine to parents, while 89 (48.4%) were willing to have their own children vaccinated, both with mean scores of 2.6. Additionally, 93 (50.5%) believed that parents in their community would accept the vaccine. The importance of vaccine availability in local health facilities was also emphasized, with 87 (47.3%) agreeing. Table 9 Caregivers’ acceptability of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine Acceptability Statement Option Frequency (n = 184) Percent (%) Mean Score I am willing to recommend the R21-Matrix-M malaria vaccine to parents for their children Strongly agree 6 3.3 2.6 Agree 86 46.7 Disagree 73 39.7 Strongly disagree 3 1.6 Non-response 16 8.7 I would be willing to have my own children vaccinated with the R21-Matrix-M malaria vaccine Strongly agree 9 4.9 2.6 Agree 89 48.4 Disagree 66 35.9 Strongly disagree 5 2.7 Non-response 15 8.2 I believe parents in my community will accept the R21-Matrix-M malaria vaccine Strongly agree 5 2.7 2.6 Agree 93 50.5 Disagree 62 33.7 Strongly disagree 1 0.5 Non-response 23 12.5 I think the availability of the R21-Matrix-M malaria vaccine in local health facilities is important Strongly agree 12 6.5 2.7 Agree 87 47.3 Disagree 56 30.4 Strongly disagree 1 0.5 Non-response 28 15.2 Values are presented as frequencies and percentages. Mean scores were calculated using a 4-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree, 4 = strongly agree) according to the formula: Mean Score = (Σ(Frequency × Scale value)) / Total responses. Non-responses were recorded to ensure transparency in interpretation. For interpretation, mean scores 2.5 indicate high acceptability of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine among pediatric health practitioners. 3.6 Perceived barriers and facilitators to acceptability of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine From Table 10 , both pediatric health practitioners and caregivers identified several barriers to recommending the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine, with notable differences in emphasis. Among pediatric health practitioners, 51.4% (114) cited a lack of sufficient information about the vaccine as a significant barrier, followed by 38.7% (86) who expressed concerns about safety. Similarly, caregivers highlighted insufficient information as the primary barrier, with 63.0% (116) reporting this issue, while 38.0% (70) pointed to negative media reports as a major concern. Parental resistance was also notable, with 34.7% (77) of pediatric health practitioners and 34.2% (63) of caregivers indicating this as a challenge. Other barriers such as concerns about effectiveness, cost, cultural beliefs, and limited vaccine availability were raised by both groups, though the proportions varied, with cultural beliefs being mentioned by 27.6% (60) of pediatric health practitioners and 29.9% (55) of caregivers. Table 10 Perceived barriers to recommendation of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine Perceived Barrier Statement Pediatric Health Practitioners (n = 222) Caregivers (n = 184) Frequency Percent (%) Frequency Percent (%) Lack of sufficient information about the vaccine 114 51.4 116 63.0 Concerns about safety 86 38.7 68 37.0 Concerns about effectiveness 76 34.2 57 31.0 Cost of the vaccine 79 35.6 52 28.3 Parental resistance 77 34.7 63 34.2 Cultural beliefs and practices 60 27.6 55 29.9 Limited availability of the vaccine 56 25.2 51 27.7 Lack of trust in healthcare providers 40 18.0 57 31.0 Negative media reports 59 26.6 70 38.0 Values are presented as frequencies and percentages. Multiple responses were permitted; therefore, percentages may exceed 100% within each group. Results from Table 11 revealed that both pediatric health practitioners and caregivers identified key facilitators for recommending the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine. Among pediatric health practitioners, 49.5% (110) emphasized the importance of health education and awareness campaigns, followed closely by positive clinical trial results cited by 49.1% (109). Positive media coverage was also significant, with 41.0% (91) considering it a facilitator. Government support and subsidies were mentioned by 39.6% (88), and 36.0% (80) highlighted the importance of availability in local health facilities. Caregivers, on the other hand, also prioritized positive media coverage, with 49.5% (91) citing it as a key factor, along with positive clinical trial results (47.8%, 88) and availability in local health facilities (39.1%, 72). Endorsement by health authorities (37.0%, 68) and health education campaigns (38.0%, 70) were similarly recognized by caregivers. Table 11 Perceived facilitators to recommendation of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine Perceived Facilitators Statement Pediatric Health Practitioners (n = 222) Caregivers (n = 184) Frequency Percent (%) Frequency Percent (%) Positive clinical trial results 109 49.1 88 47.8 Endorsement by health authorities 71 32.0 68 37.0 Cost-effectiveness 71 32.0 60 32.6 High demand from parents 37 16.7 59 32.1 Health education and awareness campaigns 110 49.5 70 38.0 Government support and subsidies 88 39.6 50 27.2 Availability in local health facilities 80 36.0 72 39.1 Trust in healthcare providers 71 32.0 53 28.8 Positive media coverage 91 41.0 91 49.5 Values are presented as frequencies and percentages. Multiple responses were permitted; therefore, percentages may exceed 100% within each group. 3.7 Inferential Statistics Chi-square tests were performed to examine differences and associations between perceptions of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine among pediatric health practitioners and caregivers. Key findings include: Awareness There was a statistically significant difference in vaccine awareness between pediatric health practitioners and caregivers (χ² = 8.063, p < 0.005). Perceived Safety Pediatric health practitioners reported significantly higher perceived safety compared to caregivers (χ² = 39.556, p < 0.001). Among practitioners, years of experience was significantly associated with perceived safety (χ² = 48.915, p < 0.001), while among caregivers, level of education was significantly associated with perceived safety (χ² = 416.452, p < 0.001). Perceived Effectiveness Pediatric health practitioners perceived the vaccine as more effective than caregivers (χ² = 54.788, p < 0.001). Years of experience among practitioners (χ² = 377.156, p < 0.001) and level of education among caregivers (χ² = 411.191, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with perceived effectiveness. Willingness to Recommend and Acceptability Among pediatric health practitioners, perceived safety was strongly associated with willingness to recommend the vaccine (χ² = 447.667, Cramer’s V = 0.741, p < 0.001). Among caregivers, perceived safety (χ² = 533.485, Cramer’s V = 0.809, p < 0.001) and perceived effectiveness (χ² = 531.588, Cramer’s V = 0.807, p < 0.001) were strongly associated with vaccine acceptability. Additionally, caregivers’ perceived effectiveness was significantly associated with willingness to recommend the vaccine (χ² = 589.855, Cramer’s V = 0.850, p < 0.001). 4. Discussion The demographic profile of pediatric health practitioners provides important context for understanding their perspectives on the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine. The predominance of females (77.0%) reflects typical gender distributions in pediatric healthcare, which may influence communication styles and patient interactions. A youthful workforce, with over half aged 21–30 years (51.8%) and predominantly single (74.8%), may be more receptive to innovative interventions but could lack extensive experience in implementing long-term vaccine programs. The high proportion of Bachelor’s degree holders (55.9%) suggests a group capable of critically evaluating evidence, yet nearly half had less than one year of professional experience, potentially limiting their confidence in advocating for novel vaccines. Professionally, nurses (32.4%) and public health practitioners (27.5%) form the backbone of child and community health promotion, emphasizing their pivotal role in vaccine delivery. The near-homogeneity in religious affiliation (99.5% Christian) may also shape attitudes toward vaccine acceptance, particularly if linked to faith-based norms. These findings highlight the importance of targeted capacity-building and educational interventions that address both knowledge gaps and practical confidence in vaccine advocacy. Among caregivers, the predominance of females (73.4%) underscores the central role of mothers in child health decision-making. Most caregivers were aged 41–50 years (44.0%), married (91.3%), and had moderate to high educational attainment (86.9% with secondary or tertiary education), indicating a mature population with established decision-making patterns and the ability to comprehend health information. Nonetheless, a substantial proportion work outside the healthcare sector (66.8%) and may have limited exposure to clinical knowledge, reinforcing the need for accessible, community-based educational campaigns. The majority being parents (92.4%) and households with three or more children (51.1%) suggest a strong investment in interventions that protect child health. The homogeneity of religious affiliation (100% Christian) further indicates that culturally and faith-sensitive messaging may enhance vaccine uptake. The study revealed a notable disparity in awareness of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine between pediatric health practitioners and caregivers. Among practitioners, just over half (52.7%) were aware of the vaccine, leaving nearly half uninformed. This gap highlights that even among healthcare professionals, dissemination of information about new vaccines may be insufficient, potentially limiting their confidence and effectiveness in advocating for vaccine uptake. Caregivers demonstrated an even lower awareness level, with only 38.6% informed about the vaccine. Given that caregivers are the primary decision-makers for their children’s health, this lack of awareness represents a significant barrier to successful vaccine implementation. The difference between practitioners and caregivers likely reflects variations in access to health information, health literacy, and engagement with professional versus community-based communication channels. Comparatively, caregiver awareness in this study was lower than the 48.2% reported by Chukwuocha et al . [ 29 ] in Owerri, Imo State. This discrepancy may stem from regional differences in health education initiatives, timing of the studies, or differential access to information. The study highlights nuanced perceptions of vaccine safety among pediatric health practitioners. A substantial majority (83.8%) considered the R21/Matrix-M vaccine safe, and 80.2% believed its benefits outweigh potential risks. Confidence in clinical trial integrity (78.4%) and trust in health authority information (83.4%) further indicate a generally positive attitude. However, concerns about potential side effects were high (87.4%), revealing a persistent tension between overall confidence and apprehensions about adverse effects. This suggests that while practitioners are inclined to support the vaccine, targeted communication that transparently addresses risk-benefit profiles and side effect data is essential to ensure strong, unequivocal advocacy. Caregivers demonstrated a more cautious stance. Only 57.1% perceived the vaccine as safe, and 54.3% believed its benefits outweighed risks, with significant proportions expressing disagreement. Concerns about side effects (60.3%) and moderate confidence in clinical trials (50%) point to underlying hesitancy, compounded by only 52.7% trusting safety information from health authorities. Compared to Chukwuocha et al . [ 29 ], who reported 88.2% positive perception among caregivers in Owerri, these findings suggest contextual differences in community sensitization, trust in health authorities, and exposure to vaccine advocacy may influence perceptions. Pediatric health practitioners demonstrated overwhelmingly positive perceptions of the R21/Matrix-M vaccine’s effectiveness. The majority (86.9%) regarded it as effective in preventing malaria in children, and 84.3% believed it could reduce community-level malaria incidence. Strong trust in the supporting evidence (78.8%) and endorsement of long-term benefits, including contributions to malaria eradication (84.7%) and reduction in morbidity and mortality (88.3%), underscore practitioners’ confidence in the vaccine as a pivotal public health tool. These findings suggest that practitioners’ evidence-based optimism is likely to facilitate strong advocacy, recommendation, and uptake within clinical and community settings. Caregivers also expressed generally positive perceptions, though with more variability. Slightly over half believed the vaccine is effective (54.9%) and capable of reducing malaria incidence (53.2%), while similar proportions trusted the supporting research data (54.3%) and recognized its potential to contribute to long-term malaria control (56%). Just over half (56.5%) acknowledged its role in reducing malaria-related morbidity and mortality. Although mean scores indicate only moderate agreement (2.6–2.7), the overall trend reflects a cautiously favorable perception, tempered by reservations and uncertainty regarding long-term benefits. Pediatric health practitioners demonstrated strong support for the R21/Matrix-M vaccine. Most practitioners were willing to recommend it to parents (75.7%) and to have their own children vaccinated (82.5%), reflecting high confidence in the vaccine’s safety and efficacy. Additionally, 76.2% believed the vaccine would be widely accepted in their communities, and 86.5% emphasized the importance of vaccine availability in local health facilities. These findings highlight practitioners’ recognition of both the clinical and logistical factors essential for successful vaccination programs. While overall endorsement was strong, some variability regarding community acceptance and implementation indicates a need for targeted strategies to address specific concerns and promote equitable access. Comparative evidence supports these findings. Isah et al . [ 30 ] reported lower willingness among hospital pharmacists to vaccinate their children (54.1%) and recommend the vaccine (50.4% at UNTH, 62.5% at ESUTH). This discrepancy suggests that professional roles influence advocacy, with pediatric practitioners directly involved in child health demonstrating higher endorsement than pharmacists, who may prioritize safety concerns over proactive recommendation. Caregivers showed a more cautious yet moderately supportive stance. Half (50%) were willing to recommend the vaccine to others, and 53.3% were inclined to vaccinate their own children. Similarly, 53.2% believed parents in their community would accept the vaccine, and 53.8% emphasized the importance of local availability. These moderate levels, reflected in mean scores of 2.6, indicate lingering reservations and uncertainties, emphasizing the need for tailored education, community outreach, and clear communication about safety and effectiveness to build trust and enhance uptake. Contextual comparisons further highlight variability in acceptance. Chukwuocha et al . [ 29 ] reported a 95.6% acceptability rate among caregivers in Owerri, while Bongomin et al . [ 31 ] recorded 91.4% in Uganda, contrasting sharply with the moderate acceptance observed in Awka. This underscores the influence of regional context, trust in healthcare providers, and effectiveness of public health campaigns on vaccine acceptance. Addressing these factors through culturally sensitive advocacy, transparent messaging, and community engagement is essential to improve uptake and achieve public health objectives in malaria prevention. Both pediatric health practitioners and caregivers identified several barriers to recommending the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine, though there were notable differences in emphasis. Among pediatric health practitioners, 51.4% (114) highlighted a lack of sufficient information about the vaccine as a significant barrier, followed by 38.7% (86) expressing concerns about safety. Caregivers, on the other hand, ranked lack of sufficient information even higher, with 63.0% (116) reporting this as a primary concern, while 38.0% (70) pointed to negative media reports as a significant issue. Parental resistance was another common barrier, with 34.7% (77) of pediatric health practitioners and 34.2% (63) of caregivers identifying it as a challenge. Other barriers such as concerns about vaccine effectiveness, cost, cultural beliefs, and limited vaccine availability were acknowledged by both groups, though the prevalence varied slightly, with cultural beliefs being cited by 27.6% (60) of pediatric health practitioners and 29.9% (55) of caregivers. These findings suggest that while both groups face similar challenges, caregivers appear more influenced by external perceptions, such as media reports, whereas health practitioners are more concerned with informational gaps and direct patient resistance. Addressing these barriers through comprehensive education and improved communication strategies could help alleviate concerns, fostering greater acceptance and uptake of the vaccine. Similar to the findings of this study, Isah et al. [ 30 ] reported that 61.9% of pharmacists at UNTH and 67.3% at ESUTH expressed concerns about adverse effects, aligning with the current study's findings, where caregivers and pediatric health practitioners cited similar apprehensions. This widespread concern underscores the importance of addressing safety perceptions through robust post-marketing surveillance and transparent communication of safety data to build trust across all stakeholder groups. Both pediatric health practitioners and caregivers identified key facilitators for recommending the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine, underscoring shared but distinct priorities. Among pediatric health practitioners, 49.5% (110) emphasized the importance of health education and awareness campaigns, highlighting the role of informed decision-making in vaccine acceptance. Positive clinical trial results were also a significant facilitator, cited by 49.1% (109), reinforcing confidence in the vaccine's safety and efficacy. Positive media coverage emerged as another important factor, with 41.0% (91) acknowledging its influence in shaping perceptions. Government support and subsidies were seen as essential, with 39.6% (88) recognizing them as pivotal for increasing vaccine adoption. Additionally, the availability of the vaccine in local health facilities was noted by 36.0% (80) as crucial for accessibility. Caregivers similarly prioritized positive media coverage (49.5%, 91), positive clinical trial results (47.8%, 88), and the availability of the vaccine in local health facilities (39.1%, 72) as key facilitators. Endorsement by health authorities (37.0%, 68) and health education campaigns (38.0%, 70) were also highlighted, demonstrating caregivers' reliance on trusted sources and comprehensive information to guide their decisions. These findings suggest that both groups value informed and accessible approaches to vaccine recommendation, with caregivers placing slightly more emphasis on external influences such as media coverage and health authority endorsement. Addressing these facilitators through targeted communication strategies and ensuring vaccine availability at the community level could enhance vaccine acceptance and trust, ultimately improving malaria prevention outcomes. The study revealed several significant associations highlighting the critical role of perception in vaccine acceptance. Awareness of the R21/Matrix-M vaccine differed significantly between pediatric health practitioners and caregivers (p = 0.005), emphasizing the need for targeted information campaigns. Perceived safety also showed a highly significant difference (p < 0.001) between the groups, with pediatric practitioners’ years of experience strongly linked to safety perceptions (p < 0.001), indicating that professional exposure enhances confidence in the vaccine. Similarly, caregivers’ educational attainment significantly influenced their perception of vaccine safety, reinforcing the importance of tailored health education. Perceived effectiveness mirrored these patterns, with significant differences between practitioners and caregivers (p < 0.001) and strong associations with practitioners’ experience (p < 0.001). These findings underscore that both education and professional experience shape attitudes toward vaccine safety and efficacy, highlighting the importance of continuous professional development and community-focused educational interventions. Crucially, perceived safety and effectiveness were strongly associated with willingness to recommend and accept the vaccine in both groups. Among practitioners, Cramer’s V of 0.741 (safety → recommendation) and 0.850 (effectiveness → recommendation) indicates a very strong link, mirrored among caregivers (0.809 for safety → acceptability, 0.807 for effectiveness → acceptability). These results demonstrate that confidence in safety and efficacy directly drives advocacy and uptake, which is essential for successful vaccine deployment and public health impact. These findings align with Chukwuocha et al . [ 29 ], who observed a significant association between caregivers’ perceptions and intent to comply with a malaria vaccine (p < 0.0001), reinforcing that positive perceptions are pivotal to uptake. While Isah et al . [ 30 ] identified demographic predictors such as education and age influencing vaccine recommendation, this study found limited demographic associations, except for caregiver education and awareness. This suggests that contextual factors and professional roles may moderate how demographics influence attitudes, underscoring the need for tailored interventions that address specific knowledge gaps and concerns to mitigate hesitancy and improve adoption of the R21/Matrix-M vaccine. 5. Conclusions This study provides critical evidence on the perceived safety, effectiveness, and acceptability of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine among pediatric health practitioners and caregivers in Awka, Southeast Nigeria. The findings demonstrate strong and consistent associations between perceptions of vaccine safety and effectiveness and both willingness to recommend and accept the vaccine, underscoring the central role of confidence in shaping vaccine advocacy and uptake. The observed Cramer’s V values further highlight that improving these perceptions can substantially enhance support for malaria vaccination. Overall, both pediatric health practitioners and caregivers expressed considerable confidence in the vaccine, reinforcing its potential for successful integration into routine immunization services. However, persistent concerns related to inadequate information, safety apprehensions, and parental resistance remain significant barriers. However, targeted health education, positive media engagement, and visible government endorsement emerged as powerful facilitators of acceptance. These findings emphasize the urgent need for coordinated, evidence-based strategies that prioritize clear communication, proactive community engagement, and sustained professional training. Policymakers and public health stakeholders should strengthen health education campaigns, leverage trusted media platforms, and ensure reliable vaccine availability to build confidence and maximize uptake. Such targeted interventions are essential to support the effective rollout of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine and to accelerate progress toward reducing childhood malaria morbidity and mortality in Nigeria and other malaria-endemic settings. Abbreviations COOUTH Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Teaching Hospital WHO World Health Organization Declarations Ethics approval and consent to participate Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the Health Research Ethics Committee, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu, with reference number NHREC/05/01/2008B-FWA00002458-1RB00002323. Informed consent was obtained from all participants, ensuring they understand the study's purpose, procedures, potential risks, and benefits, and their right to withdraw at any time without any repercussions. Confidentiality and anonymity were strictly maintained, with all data securely stored. Participants were treated with respect, and their responses were used solely for research purposes. Consent for publication Not applicable Availability of data and materials The datasets supporting the conclusions of this article are included within the article (and its additional files). Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Funding This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. Authors’ contributions LOP conceptualized the study, designed the methodology, supervised data collection, performed data analysis, and drafted the manuscript. NEA critically revised the manuscript. 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Supplementary Files PERCEIVEDSAFETYEFFECTIVENESSANDACCEPTABILITYOFR21MATRIXMMALARIAVACCINEAMONGCAREGIVERSINSOUTHEASTNIGERIA1.xlsx PERCEIVEDSAFETYEFFECTIVENESSANDACCEPTABILITYOFR21MATRIXMMALARIAVACCINEAMONGCAREGIVERSINSOUTHEASTNIGERIA1.xlsx PERCEIVEDSAFETYEFFECTIVENESSANDACCEPTABILITYOFR21MATRIXMMALARIAVACCINEAMONGPEDIATRICHEALTHPRACTITIONERSINSOUTHEASTNIGERIA.xlsx PERCEIVEDSAFETYEFFECTIVENESSANDACCEPTABILITYOFR21MATRIXMMALARIAVACCINEAMONGPEDIATRICHEALTHPRACTITIONERSINSOUTHEASTNIGERIA.xlsx Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-9012196","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":599457782,"identity":"f6ccbeb6-024e-427d-b7cb-a912bb737f7f","order_by":0,"name":"Luke Oche Peter","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA9ElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBCDBAZ2BmYGhgogk5m5gYBiZqgWZhDrDEiAkRQtjG0gNgEt5uz9Bx9XVNjl8TPzGBt8nFcbzd8O1PKjYhtOLZY9h5kNz5xJLpZs5jFOnLnteO6Mw4wNjD1nbuPUYnAjmU2yse1A4obDPMaHebcdy20AamFmbMOj5f5j9p8gLftBWv7OOZY7n6CWG8xsjGBbgH5JZmyoyd1ASItlT7KxZMOZ5MQZh9mKDXuOHcjdCNRyEJ9fzNkPPvzYUGGX2N/evFniR01d7rzzhw8++FGBx2Fo/MNg8gBO9Vi01OFTPApGwSgYBSMUAAAIf1uh+SZnoQAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"University of Nigeria","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Luke","middleName":"Oche","lastName":"Peter","suffix":""},{"id":599457783,"identity":"dc583e99-bb7c-453a-a4b0-fd85491900b1","order_by":1,"name":"Nnaemeka Emmanuel Akubue","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Nigeria","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Nnaemeka","middleName":"Emmanuel","lastName":"Akubue","suffix":""},{"id":599457784,"identity":"88b3c9f6-5f85-43b2-b31e-4f97cfb41b63","order_by":2,"name":"Babatunde Ishola Omotowo","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Nigeria","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Babatunde","middleName":"Ishola","lastName":"Omotowo","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2026-03-02 16:13:19","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9012196/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9012196/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":103981011,"identity":"ae4fde30-0b4b-4203-964d-08c007d0b89d","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-03-05 09:28:28","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":3268432,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9012196/v1/096d717d-7b4c-4a42-ad78-4f996ed7b304.pdf"},{"id":103819718,"identity":"4e1f0a88-1069-459e-8c8c-31df7b2034fd","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-03-03 09:57:15","extension":"xlsx","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":56348,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"PERCEIVEDSAFETYEFFECTIVENESSANDACCEPTABILITYOFR21MATRIXMMALARIAVACCINEAMONGCAREGIVERSINSOUTHEASTNIGERIA1.xlsx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9012196/v1/8557e3ad1f4aef50248d38cc.xlsx"},{"id":103819725,"identity":"af806469-47aa-4404-8c19-6a562e001dc8","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-03-03 09:57:16","extension":"xlsx","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":56348,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"PERCEIVEDSAFETYEFFECTIVENESSANDACCEPTABILITYOFR21MATRIXMMALARIAVACCINEAMONGCAREGIVERSINSOUTHEASTNIGERIA1.xlsx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9012196/v1/5290beefbb55e13f6147d655.xlsx"},{"id":103819697,"identity":"329c510e-f823-4099-b38c-5bc548b4cbe1","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-03-03 09:57:05","extension":"xlsx","order_by":2,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":65888,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"PERCEIVEDSAFETYEFFECTIVENESSANDACCEPTABILITYOFR21MATRIXMMALARIAVACCINEAMONGPEDIATRICHEALTHPRACTITIONERSINSOUTHEASTNIGERIA.xlsx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9012196/v1/6c7bcdb84441805dff96f714.xlsx"},{"id":103819717,"identity":"61338872-7216-4452-a5b5-e80944728aca","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-03-03 09:57:15","extension":"xlsx","order_by":3,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":65888,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"PERCEIVEDSAFETYEFFECTIVENESSANDACCEPTABILITYOFR21MATRIXMMALARIAVACCINEAMONGPEDIATRICHEALTHPRACTITIONERSINSOUTHEASTNIGERIA.xlsx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9012196/v1/6c1bd58ef5f3f23dbed61736.xlsx"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Perceived safety, effectiveness and acceptability of R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine among pediatric health practitioners and caregivers in Southeast Nigeria: a cross-sectional study","fulltext":[{"header":"1. Background","content":"\u003cp\u003eMalaria is a life-threatening parasitic disease caused by \u003cem\u003ePlasmodium\u003c/em\u003e species [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e]. It is transmitted through the bite of infected \u003cem\u003eAnopheles\u003c/em\u003e mosquitoes and typically presents with recurrent fever, chills, anemia, and splenomegaly due to cyclic red blood cell destruction [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e]. Five \u003cem\u003ePlasmodium\u003c/em\u003e species infect humans, with \u003cem\u003eP. falciparum\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eP. vivax\u003c/em\u003e posing the greatest global threat. \u003cem\u003eP. falciparum\u003c/em\u003e is the most lethal and is highly prevalent in Africa, whereas \u003cem\u003eP. vivax\u003c/em\u003e predominates in many regions outside sub-Saharan Africa. \u003cem\u003eP. malariae\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eP. ovale\u003c/em\u003e, and \u003cem\u003eP. knowlesi\u003c/em\u003e also contribute to human malaria infections [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDespite decades of control efforts, malaria remains a major global health challenge. In 2022, an estimated 249\u0026nbsp;million cases and 608,000 deaths occurred across 85 countries [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e]. The World Health Organization (WHO) African Region accounted for 94% of all cases and 95% of deaths, with children under five years constituting the majority of fatalities [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e]. Nigeria alone contributed 26.8% of global malaria deaths, followed by the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, and Mozambique [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConventional control strategies\u0026mdash;including insecticide-treated nets, indoor residual spraying, vector control, and artemisinin-based combination therapies\u0026mdash;have been essential [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e], but the growing emergence of insecticide and drug resistance continues to undermine progress [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e]. These challenges highlight the need for complementary tools such as vaccination, which has historically been pivotal in reducing the burden of infectious diseases including polio, measles, diphtheria, tetanus, rabies, and smallpox [\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR8 CR9 CR10 CR11\" citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR12\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e12\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDeveloping a malaria vaccine has long been hindered by the complexity of the parasite\u0026rsquo;s life cycle and antigenic diversity [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e13\u003c/span\u003e]. Important progress was achieved with the WHO-recommended RTS,S/AS01 vaccine, which demonstrated 36% efficacy against \u003cem\u003eP. falciparum\u003c/em\u003e malaria in phase 3 trials among children aged 5\u0026ndash;17 months [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e14\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR15\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e15\u003c/span\u003e]. Implementation in Ghana, Kenya, and Malawi showed high uptake and reductions in severe malaria hospitalizations and all-cause mortality [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR16\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e16\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e17\u003c/span\u003e]. Additional evidence from Burkina Faso and Mali demonstrated that seasonal RTS,S administration, alone or combined with chemoprevention, substantially reduced malaria incidence and related deaths [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR18\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e18\u003c/span\u003e]. Continued progress toward malaria elimination requires new vaccine candidates capable of achieving higher efficacy and broader coverage, in line with the WHO target of at least 75% efficacy by 2030 [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e19\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe R21/Matrix-M pre-erythrocytic vaccine, developed at the University of Oxford and manufactured by the Serum Institute of India, represents one such advancement [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR20\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e20\u003c/span\u003e]. Designed to enhance anti-circumsporozoite immune responses, R21/Matrix-M demonstrated 77% efficacy over two years in a phase 2b trial in Burkina Faso [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR20\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e20\u003c/span\u003e] and achieved 67\u0026ndash;72% efficacy across diverse transmission settings in phase 3 trials in East and West Africa [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e21\u003c/span\u003e]. The vaccine was endorsed by the WHO in October 2023 and added to the WHO prequalified list in December 2023 [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR22\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e22\u003c/span\u003e]. Nigeria provisionally approved its use in April 2023 [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e23\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHowever, the successful rollout of malaria vaccines in Nigeria may be challenged by past experiences of low vaccination coverage and public hesitancy, as seen in the country\u0026rsquo;s prolonged struggle with poliovirus transmission [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR24\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e24\u003c/span\u003e]. Cultural, social, and religious factors have also historically influenced vaccine acceptance and compliance [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR25\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e25\u003c/span\u003e]. Pediatric health practitioners and caregivers are central to vaccine advocacy and uptake, yet little is known about their perceptions of the R21/Matrix-M vaccine in Nigeria. Understanding their views is essential for anticipating potential barriers and designing effective communication strategies.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis study therefore explored the perceptions of pediatric health practitioners and caregivers in Awka, Southeast Nigeria, focusing on the perceived safety, effectiveness, and acceptability of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine. Findings from this research will support efforts to integrate the vaccine into national malaria control strategies and improve child health outcomes in Nigeria.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"2. Methods","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec3\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.1 Study Area\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe study was conducted in Awka, Southeast, Nigeria. The city is geographically positioned between latitude 6.2\u0026deg;N and longitude 7.1\u0026deg;E, covering an approximate area of 72 square kilometers [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR26\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e26\u003c/span\u003e]. Awka is home to a diverse population, estimated at over 300,000 residents, comprising various ethnic groups, though predominantly Igbo. The city has a mix of urban and semi-urban settlements, with varying socio-economic statuses among its inhabitants. Awka is known for its warm tropical climate, characterized by two distinct seasons: the rainy season (April to October) and the dry season (November to March) [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR27\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e27\u003c/span\u003e]. Awka is particularly relevant to this study due to its high malaria prevalence (87.3%) [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e28\u003c/span\u003e], which aligns with Nigeria's status as one of the countries with the highest malaria burden globally.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec4\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.2 Study Design\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional design using a quantitative approach. This approach is well-suited for assessing the perceptions, knowledge, and attitudes of specific populations at a single point in time [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR27\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e27\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec5\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.3 Study Population\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe study population comprised pediatric health practitioners (pediatric doctors, nurses, nurse practitioners, pharmacists, laboratory technicians, and public health practitioners who are involved in providing care and services to pediatric patients) and caregivers in Awka, Southeast, Nigeria. Eligible participants were those aged 18 years and above and who provided informed consent. Individuals who had significant health or cognitive limitations were excluded.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec6\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.4 Sample Size Determination\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe sample size for the study was determined using the Fisher\u0026rsquo;s formula for calculating minimum sample size for cross sectional studies\u003cdiv id=\"Equa\" class=\"Equation\"\u003e\u003cdiv format=\"TEX\" class=\"mathdisplay\" id=\"FileID_Equa\" name=\"EquationSource\"\u003e\n$$n=\\frac{{Z}^{2}*p(1-p)}{{e}^{2}}$$\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhere\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003en \u0026ndash; minimum sample size required\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eZ \u0026ndash; Z-score corresponding to 95% confidence level (1.96)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ep \u0026ndash; Awareness level of the new malaria vaccine in the region, set at 48.2% [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e29\u003c/span\u003e],\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ee \u0026ndash; Margin of error tolerated (0.05)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHence,\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"data:image/png;base64,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\"\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eTo account for non-response, 10% (38 participants) was added to give a final sample size of 422.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec8\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.5 Sampling Technique\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003e The study employed a stratified sampling approach to ensure representation of the two key groups: pediatric health practitioners and caregivers. Stratification allowed for proportional inclusion of both groups to capture varied perspectives on the perceived safety, effectiveness, and acceptability of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine:\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003col\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003ePediatric health practitioners\u003c/b\u003e \u0026ndash; including pediatricians, nurses, nurse practitioners, pharmacists, laboratory technicians, and public health practitioners involved in child healthcare.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eCaregivers\u003c/b\u003e \u0026ndash; parents, guardians, and primary caregivers of children eligible for the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003c/ol\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWithin each stratum, participants who met the inclusion criteria and were available during the study period were consecutively recruited until the target sample size was achieved. Population estimates were based on previous studies at Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Teaching Hospital (COOUTH), Awka [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR26\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e26\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR27\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e27\u003c/span\u003e], reporting 288 health practitioners [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR26\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e26\u003c/span\u003e] and 250 caregivers [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR27\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e27\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProportional allocation of the total sample size (422) was applied:\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePediatric health practitioners: \u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(\\frac{288}{(288+250)}*422\\approx226\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCaregivers: \u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(\\frac{250}{(288+250)}*422\\approx196\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThus, 226 pediatric health practitioners and 196 caregivers were consecutively recruited for participation.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec9\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.6 Instrument for Data Collection\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eData collection was carried out using a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire was developed based on a review of existing literature and validated scales used in similar studies. The questionnaire was tailored to the specific context of this study, capturing both pediatric health practitioners and caregivers.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe questionnaire included the following sections:\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eSection A: Demographic information of respondents\u003c/b\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis section contained information on the socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents. There were eight items for pediatric health practitioners and nine items for caregivers. Variables included age, gender, marital status, educational level, among others.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eSection B: Perceived safety of the vaccine\u003c/b\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis variable refers to beliefs about the safety of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine for children. It was measured quantitatively using a 4-point Likert scale with items such as \"I believe the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine is safe for children,\" ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree). The mean score was determined. Mean score of \u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;2.5 indicated negative perception, mean score\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;2.5 indicated neutral perception, whereas mean score\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;2.5 indicated positive perception.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eSection C: Perceived effectiveness of the vaccine\u003c/b\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis variable refers to beliefs about the effectiveness of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine in preventing malaria. There were five items in this section. It was measured quantitatively using a 4-point Likert scale with items such as \"I believe the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine is effective in preventing malaria,\" ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree). The mean score was determined. Mean score of \u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;2.5 indicated negative perception, mean score\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;2.5 indicated neutral perception, whereas mean score\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;2.5 indicated positive perception.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eSection D: Acceptability of the vaccine\u003c/b\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis variable refers to the acceptability of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine. There were five items for pediatric health practitioners and four items for caregivers. It was quantitatively measured using a 4-point Likert scale with items such as \"I am willing to recommend the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine to parents\" ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree). The mean score was determined. Mean score of \u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;2.5 indicated low acceptability, mean score\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;2.5 indicated average acceptability, whereas mean score\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;2.5 indicated high acceptability.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe mean score for each perception statement was calculated based on the 4-point Likert scale (1 to 4).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe formula used for calculating the mean score was:\u003cdiv id=\"Equb\" class=\"Equation\"\u003e\u003cdiv format=\"TEX\" class=\"mathdisplay\" id=\"FileID_Equb\" name=\"EquationSource\"\u003e\n$$MeanScore=\\frac{\\sum\\left(Frequency*Scalevalue\\right)}{Totalresponses}$$\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eSection E: Perceived barriers and facilitators for acceptability of the vaccine\u003c/b\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThese variables refer to the perceived factors that hinder or promote the acceptability and uptake of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine. These were identified using multiple-choice questions in the questionnaire, such as \"What factors might prevent you from recommending the vaccine?\" and \"What barriers do you foresee in recommending or administering this vaccine?\" and \"What factors would make you more supportive of this vaccine?\"\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec10\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.7 Validation of Instruments\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe questionnaire underwent face and content validation. A Professor of Epidemiology and a Public Health Research Consultant reviewed the items to ensure they were clear, relevant, and adequately covered all constructs of interest.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec11\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.8 Procedure for Data Collection\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eData were collected between September and October 2024, using a structured questionnaire distributed in paper format. Six trained research assistants, who received comprehensive training on the study objectives, ethical considerations, and questionnaire administration, facilitated the process. Participants were recruited from healthcare facilities and community centers in Awka. While the questionnaire was primarily self-administered, research assistants provided guided administration for participants requiring assistance due to literacy challenges or other limitations. Completed questionnaires were collected immediately after completion, with research assistants ensuring thorough checks for completeness and legibility. The principal investigator supervised the process, conducting regular debriefing sessions to address challenges and maintain adherence to the study protocol. This structured approach ensured the collection of reliable and high-quality data for analysis.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec12\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.9 Data Management\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAll collected questionnaires were digitized and stored electronically using the Kobo Toolbox, and original paper copies kept secured and accessible only to the principal investigator.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec13\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.10 Data Analysis\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eData in electronic format was uploaded into IBM SPSS version 20. The data was checked for completeness, accuracy, and consistency. Missing data was addressed appropriately. Descriptive statistics was used to summarize the demographic characteristics. Descriptive measures such as frequencies and percent were used to summarize the responses for perceived safety, perceived effectiveness, and acceptability of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine. Chi-square test was used to test associations between variables with p-value set at \u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05 for significant associations.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"3. Results","content":"\u003cp\u003eOut of the 422 questionnaires distributed (226 for pediatric health practitioners and 196 for caregivers), 406 (96.2%) were returned, with a response rate of 98.2% (222 out of 226) for pediatric health practitioners and 93.9% (184 out of 196) for caregivers.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec15\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e3.1 Socio-demographic characteristics of respondents\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe demographic characteristics of pediatric health practitioners as reported in Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e revealed that the majority were female 171 (77.0%) and predominantly aged 21\u0026ndash;30 years 115 (51.8%). Most were single 166 (74.8%) and held a Bachelor\u0026rsquo;s degree 124 (55.9%). Nearly all participants identified as Christians 221 (99.5%). Professionally, the largest groups were Nurses 72 (32.4%) and Public Health practitioners 61 (27.5%). Regarding experience, 104 (46.8%) had less than one year of professional practice, and 67 (30.2%) had 1\u0026ndash;5 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab1\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 1\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSocio-demography of pediatric health practitioners\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"3\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eVariable\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrequency\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePercent (%)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eGender\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFemale\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e171\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e77\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMale\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e51\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTotal\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e222\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAge Group\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLess than 20 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e42\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21\u0026ndash;30 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e115\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e51.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31\u0026ndash;40 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e47\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e41\u0026ndash;50 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTotal\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e222\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMarital Status\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSingle\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e166\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e74.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMarried\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e55\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSeparated\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTotal\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e222\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eHighest Educational Attainment\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNational Diploma\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e68\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBachelor's Degree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e124\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e55.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaster's Degree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDoctoral Degree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePostdoctoral Training\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTotal\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e222\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eReligion\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eChristianity\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e221\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e99.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eIslam\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTotal\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e222\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eRole\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNurse\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e72\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePublic Health Practitioner\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e61\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLaboratory Technician\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePharmacist\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNurse Practitioner\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePediatric Doctor\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTotal\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e222\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eYears of Experience\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLess than 1 year\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e104\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e46.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u0026ndash;5 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e67\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6\u0026ndash;10 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e39\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11\u0026ndash;15 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTotal\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e222\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003ctfoot\u003e \u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd colspan=\"3\"\u003eValues are presented as frequencies and percentages. Percentages were calculated based on the total number of pediatric health practitioners (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;222)\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tfoot\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe socio-demographic characteristics of caregivers in Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e revealed that most were female 135 (73.4%) and aged 41\u0026ndash;50 years 81 (44.0%). The majority were married 168 (91.3%) and had tertiary 86 (46.7%) or secondary 74 (40.2%) education. All caregivers identified as Christians 184 (100%), with most employed in non-healthcare sectors 123 (66.8%). Parents constituted 170 (92.4%) of the caregivers, and 52 (28.3%) had three children, followed by 42 (22.8%) with four children.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab2\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 2\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSocio-demography of caregivers\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"3\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eVariable\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrequency\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePercent (%)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eGender\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFemale\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e135\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e73.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMale\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e49\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTotal\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e184\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAge Group\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLess than 20 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21\u0026ndash;30 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31\u0026ndash;40 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e40\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e41\u0026ndash;50 years\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e81\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e44\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e51 years and above\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e42\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTotal\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e184\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMarital Status\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMarried\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e168\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e91.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSingle\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWidowed\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTotal\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e184\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eEducational Attainment\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrimary\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSecondary\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e74\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e40.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTertiary\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e86\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e46.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTotal\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e184\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eReligion\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eChristianity\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e184\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eOccupation\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHealthcare sector\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon-healthcare sector\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e123\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStudent\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUnemployed\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e38\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTotal\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e184\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eRelationship with the Child\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eParent\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e170\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e92.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eGuardian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eGrandparent\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSibling\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTotal\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e184\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eNumber of Children\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e52\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e42\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5 and above\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e35\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTotal\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e184\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003ctfoot\u003e \u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd colspan=\"3\"\u003eValues are presented as frequencies and percentages. Percentages were calculated based on the total number of pediatric health practitioners (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;184)\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tfoot\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec16\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e3.2 Awareness of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrom Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e, among pediatric health practitioners, 117 (52.7%) were aware of the R21/Matrix-M Malaria Vaccine. In contrast, among caregivers, only 71 (38.6%) were aware of the vaccine.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab3\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 3\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAwareness of pediatric health practitioners and caregivers regarding the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"4\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAwareness Statement\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePediatric Health Practitioners (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;222)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCaregivers (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;184)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTotal (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;406)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eHeard of R21/Matrix-M Vaccine\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e117 (52.7%)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e71 (38.6%)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e188 (46.3%)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eNot Heard of R21/Matrix-M Vaccine\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e105 (47.3%)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e113 (61.4%)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e218 (53.7%)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eValues are presented as frequencies and percentages. Percentages were calculated within each respondent group.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec17\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e3.3 Perceived safety of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe results in Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e revealed that majority (83.8%, 186) agreed or strongly agreed that the vaccine is safe for children, with a mean score of 3.1. Despite this, concerns about potential side effects were prevalent, as 87.4% (194) agreed or strongly agreed with this statement, yielding a lower mean score of 1.9. Confidence in the clinical trials was high, with 78.4% (174) expressing agreement or strong agreement and a mean score of 2.9. Similarly, 80.2% (178) believed the benefits of the vaccine outweigh its risks, with a mean score of 2.9. Trust in safety information provided by health authorities was strong, as 83.4% (185) agreed or strongly agreed, resulting in a mean score of 3.0.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab4\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 4\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePerceived safety of pediatric health practitioners regarding the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"6\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePerceived Safety Statement\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOption\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrequency (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;222)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePercent (%)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMean Score\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eI believe the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine is safe for children\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly agree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e51\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAgree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e135\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e60.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDisagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly disagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon-response\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eI am concerned about potential side effects of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly agree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e40\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAgree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e154\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e69.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDisagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly disagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon-response\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eI have confidence in the clinical trials conducted for the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly agree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAgree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e163\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e73.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDisagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly disagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon-response\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eI believe the benefits of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine outweigh its risks\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly agree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAgree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e166\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e74.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDisagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly disagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon-response\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eI trust the safety information provided by health authorities regarding the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly agree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAgree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e160\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e72.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDisagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly disagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon-response\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003ctfoot\u003e \u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd colspan=\"6\"\u003eValues are presented as frequencies and percentages. Mean scores were calculated using a 4-point Likert scale (1\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;strongly disagree, 4\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;strongly agree) according to the formula: Mean Score = (Σ(Frequency \u0026times; Scale value)) / Total responses. Non-responses were recorded to ensure transparency in interpretation. For interpretation, mean scores\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;2.5 indicate negative perception, a mean score of 2.5 indicates neutral perception, and mean scores\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;2.5 indicate positive perception regarding the safety of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine.\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tfoot\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrom Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e, while 98 caregivers (53.3%) agreed that the vaccine is safe for children, a significant portion, 64 caregivers (34.8%), disagreed, yielding a moderate mean score of 2.6. Similarly, 95 caregivers (51.6%) believed the vaccine's benefits outweigh its risks, although 67 caregivers (36.4%) disagreed, with a mean score of 2.6. Concerns about potential side effects were prevalent, with 103 caregivers (56.0%) expressing worry, reflected in a mean score of 2.4. Confidence in clinical trials for the vaccine was notably low, with only 88 caregivers (47.8%) agreeing and 71 caregivers (38.6%) disagreeing, resulting in the lowest mean score of 1.7. Trust in safety information from health authorities showed moderate levels, with 89 caregivers (48.4%) expressing trust and a mean score of 2.6.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab5\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 5\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePerceived safety of caregivers regarding the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"6\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePerceived Safety Statement\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOption\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrequency (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;184)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePercent (%)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMean Score\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eI believe the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine is safe for children\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly agree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAgree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e98\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e53.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDisagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e64\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e34.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly disagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon-response\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eI am concerned about potential side effects of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly agree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAgree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e103\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e56.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDisagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e64\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e34.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly disagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon-response\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eI have confidence in the clinical trials conducted for the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly agree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAgree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e88\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e47.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDisagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e71\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e38.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly disagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon-response\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eI believe the benefits of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine outweigh its risks\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly agree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAgree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e95\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e51.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDisagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e67\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e36.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly disagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon-response\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eI trust the safety information provided by health authorities regarding the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly agree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAgree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e89\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e48.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDisagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e35.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly disagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon-response\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003ctfoot\u003e \u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd colspan=\"6\"\u003eValues are presented as frequencies and percentages. Mean scores were calculated using a 4-point Likert scale (1\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;strongly disagree, 4\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;strongly agree) according to the formula: Mean Score = (Σ(Frequency \u0026times; Scale value)) / Total responses. Non-responses were recorded to ensure transparency in interpretation. For interpretation, mean scores\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;2.5 indicate negative perception, a mean score of 2.5 indicates neutral perception, and mean scores\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;2.5 indicate positive perception regarding the safety of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine.\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tfoot\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec18\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e3.4 Perceived effectiveness of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eFindings from Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab6\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e revealed that, among pediatric health practitioners, a significant majority perceive the R21-Matrix-M malaria vaccine as effective. Specifically, 169 respondents (76.1%) indicated that they believe the vaccine is effective in preventing malaria in children, with a mean score of 3.0. Additionally, 170 respondents (76.6%) agreed that the vaccine will reduce the incidence of malaria in their community, supported by a mean score of 2.9. Regarding trust in the effectiveness data, 159 respondents (71.6%) expressed confidence, with a mean score of 2.9. Furthermore, 175 respondents (78.8%) believed the vaccine would have a long-term impact on malaria eradication, reflecting a strong positive perception. 171 respondents (77.0%) supported the idea that the vaccine will help in reducing morbidity and mortality associated with malaria, maintaining a mean score of 3.0.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab6\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 6\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePerceived effectiveness of pediatric health practitioners regarding the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"6\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePerceived Effectiveness Statement\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOption\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrequency (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;222)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePercent (%)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMean Score\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eI believe the R21-Matrix-M malaria vaccine is effective in preventing malaria in children\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly agree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAgree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e169\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e76.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDisagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly disagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon-response\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eI think the R21-Matrix-M malaria vaccine will reduce the incidence of malaria in our community\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly agree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAgree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e170\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e76.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDisagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly disagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon-response\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eI trust the effectiveness data presented in the research studies on the R21-Matrix-M malaria vaccine\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly agree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAgree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e159\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e71.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDisagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly disagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon-response\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eI believe the R21-matrix-M malaria vaccine will have a long-term impact on malaria eradication\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly agree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAgree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e175\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e78.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDisagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly disagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon-response\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eI believe the R21-Matrix-M malaria vaccine will help in the reduction of morbidity and mortality associated with malaria\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly agree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAgree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e171\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e77.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDisagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly disagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon-response\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003ctfoot\u003e \u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd colspan=\"6\"\u003eValues are presented as frequencies and percentages. Mean scores were calculated using a 4-point Likert scale (1\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;strongly disagree, 4\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;strongly agree) according to the formula: Mean Score = (Σ(Frequency \u0026times; Scale value)) / Total responses. Non-responses were recorded to ensure transparency in interpretation. For interpretation, mean scores\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;2.5 indicate negative perception, a mean score of 2.5 indicates neutral perception, and mean scores\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;2.5 indicate positive perception regarding the safety of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine.\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tfoot\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eResults from Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab7\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e revealed that caregivers largely agreed on the effectiveness of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine. Specifically, 51.6% (95) of caregivers believe the vaccine is effective in preventing malaria in children and 47.8% (88) think the vaccine will reduce the incidence of malaria in their community. While 50.5% (93) trust the effectiveness data presented in research studies on the vaccine, 50.0% (92) believe the vaccine will have a long-term impact on malaria eradication. 51.6% (95) also agreed that the vaccine will help reduce morbidity and mortality associated with malaria. The mean scores ranged from approximately 2.6 to 2.7 across the different statements.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab7\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 7\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePerceived effectiveness of caregivers regarding the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"6\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePerceived Effectiveness Statement\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOption\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrequency (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;184)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePercent (%)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMean Score\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eI believe the R21-Matrix-M malaria vaccine is effective in preventing malaria in children\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly agree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAgree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e95\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e51.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDisagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e67\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e36.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly disagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon-response\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eI think the R21-Matrix-M malaria vaccine will reduce the incidence of malaria in our community\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly agree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAgree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e88\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e47.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDisagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e35.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly disagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon-response\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eI trust the effectiveness data presented in the research studies on the R21-Matrix-M malaria vaccine\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly agree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAgree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e93\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e50.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDisagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e63\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e34.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly disagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon-response\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eI believe the R21-matrix-M malaria vaccine will have a long-term impact on malaria eradication\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly agree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAgree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e92\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e50.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDisagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e65\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e35.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly disagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon-response\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eI believe the R21-Matrix-M malaria vaccine will help in the reduction of morbidity and mortality associated with malaria\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly agree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAgree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e95\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e51.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDisagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e62\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e33.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly disagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon-response\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003ctfoot\u003e \u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd colspan=\"6\"\u003eValues are presented as frequencies and percentages. Mean scores were calculated using a 4-point Likert scale (1\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;strongly disagree, 4\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;strongly agree) according to the formula: Mean Score = (Σ(Frequency \u0026times; Scale value)) / Total responses. Non-responses were recorded to ensure transparency in interpretation. For interpretation, mean scores\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;2.5 indicate negative perception, a mean score of 2.5 indicates neutral perception, and mean scores\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;2.5 indicate positive perception regarding the safety of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine.\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tfoot\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec19\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e3.5 Acceptability of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrom Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab8\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e8\u003c/span\u003e, a significant majority of pediatric health practitioners expressed willingness to recommend the vaccine to parents, with 154 (69.4%) agreeing and a mean score of 2.9. Similarly, 170 (76.6%) were willing to have their own children vaccinated, and 167 (75.2%) would administer the vaccine in their practice. High agreement was also observed regarding community acceptance, with 160 (72.1%) believing parents would accept the vaccine. Additionally, most practitioners 173 (77.9%) emphasized the importance of vaccine availability in local health facilities, with a mean score of 3.0.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab8\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 8\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePediatric health practitioners\u0026rsquo; acceptability of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"6\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcceptability Statement\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOption\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrequency (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;222)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePercent (%)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMean Score\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eI am willing to recommend the R21-Matrix-M malaria vaccine to parents for their children\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly agree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAgree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e154\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e69.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDisagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly disagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon-response\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eI would be willing to have my own children vaccinated with the R21-Matrix-M malaria vaccine\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly agree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAgree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e170\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e76.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDisagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly disagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon-response\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eI would be willing to administer the R21-Matrix-M malaria vaccine in my practice\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly agree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAgree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e167\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e75.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDisagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly disagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon-response\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eI believe parents in my community will accept the R21-Matrix-M malaria vaccine\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly agree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAgree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e160\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e72.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDisagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly disagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon-response\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eI think the availability of the R21-Matrix-M malaria vaccine in local health facilities is important\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly agree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAgree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e173\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e77.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDisagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly disagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon-response\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003ctfoot\u003e \u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd colspan=\"6\"\u003eValues are presented as frequencies and percentages. Mean scores were calculated using a 4-point Likert scale (1\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;strongly disagree, 4\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;strongly agree) according to the formula: Mean Score = (Σ(Frequency \u0026times; Scale value)) / Total responses. Non-responses were recorded to ensure transparency in interpretation. For interpretation, mean scores\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;2.5 indicate low acceptability, a mean score of 2.5 indicates average acceptability, and mean scores\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;2.5 indicate high acceptability of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine among pediatric health practitioners.\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tfoot\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrom Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab9\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e9\u003c/span\u003e, almost half of the caregivers, 86 (46.7%), agreed to recommend the vaccine to parents, while 89 (48.4%) were willing to have their own children vaccinated, both with mean scores of 2.6. Additionally, 93 (50.5%) believed that parents in their community would accept the vaccine. The importance of vaccine availability in local health facilities was also emphasized, with 87 (47.3%) agreeing.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab9\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 9\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCaregivers\u0026rsquo; acceptability of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"6\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcceptability Statement\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOption\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrequency (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;184)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePercent (%)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMean Score\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eI am willing to recommend the R21-Matrix-M malaria vaccine to parents for their children\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly agree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAgree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e86\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e46.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDisagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e73\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e39.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly disagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon-response\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eI would be willing to have my own children vaccinated with the R21-Matrix-M malaria vaccine\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly agree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAgree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e89\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e48.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDisagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e35.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly disagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon-response\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eI believe parents in my community will accept the R21-Matrix-M malaria vaccine\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly agree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAgree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e93\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e50.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDisagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e62\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e33.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly disagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon-response\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eI think the availability of the R21-Matrix-M malaria vaccine in local health facilities is important\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly agree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAgree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e87\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e47.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDisagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e56\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrongly disagree\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon-response\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003ctfoot\u003e \u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd colspan=\"6\"\u003eValues are presented as frequencies and percentages. Mean scores were calculated using a 4-point Likert scale (1\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;strongly disagree, 4\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;strongly agree) according to the formula: Mean Score = (Σ(Frequency \u0026times; Scale value)) / Total responses. Non-responses were recorded to ensure transparency in interpretation. For interpretation, mean scores\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;2.5 indicate low acceptability, a mean score of 2.5 indicates average acceptability, and mean scores\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;2.5 indicate high acceptability of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine among pediatric health practitioners.\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tfoot\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec20\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e3.6 Perceived barriers and facilitators to acceptability of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrom Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab10\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e, both pediatric health practitioners and caregivers identified several barriers to recommending the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine, with notable differences in emphasis. Among pediatric health practitioners, 51.4% (114) cited a lack of sufficient information about the vaccine as a significant barrier, followed by 38.7% (86) who expressed concerns about safety. Similarly, caregivers highlighted insufficient information as the primary barrier, with 63.0% (116) reporting this issue, while 38.0% (70) pointed to negative media reports as a major concern. Parental resistance was also notable, with 34.7% (77) of pediatric health practitioners and 34.2% (63) of caregivers indicating this as a challenge. Other barriers such as concerns about effectiveness, cost, cultural beliefs, and limited vaccine availability were raised by both groups, though the proportions varied, with cultural beliefs being mentioned by 27.6% (60) of pediatric health practitioners and 29.9% (55) of caregivers.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab10\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 10\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePerceived barriers to recommendation of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"5\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePerceived Barrier Statement\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePediatric Health Practitioners (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;222)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCaregivers (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;184)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrequency\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePercent (%)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrequency\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePercent (%)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eLack of sufficient information about the vaccine\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e114\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e51.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e116\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e63.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eConcerns about safety\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e86\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e38.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e68\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e37.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eConcerns about effectiveness\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e76\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e34.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e57\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCost of the vaccine\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e79\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e35.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e52\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eParental resistance\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e77\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e34.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e63\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e34.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCultural beliefs and practices\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e60\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e55\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eLimited availability of the vaccine\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e56\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e51\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eLack of trust in healthcare providers\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e40\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e57\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eNegative media reports\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e59\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e70\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e38.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003ctfoot\u003e \u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd colspan=\"5\"\u003eValues are presented as frequencies and percentages. Multiple responses were permitted; therefore, percentages may exceed 100% within each group.\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tfoot\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eResults from Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab11\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e11\u003c/span\u003e revealed that both pediatric health practitioners and caregivers identified key facilitators for recommending the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine. Among pediatric health practitioners, 49.5% (110) emphasized the importance of health education and awareness campaigns, followed closely by positive clinical trial results cited by 49.1% (109). Positive media coverage was also significant, with 41.0% (91) considering it a facilitator. Government support and subsidies were mentioned by 39.6% (88), and 36.0% (80) highlighted the importance of availability in local health facilities. Caregivers, on the other hand, also prioritized positive media coverage, with 49.5% (91) citing it as a key factor, along with positive clinical trial results (47.8%, 88) and availability in local health facilities (39.1%, 72). Endorsement by health authorities (37.0%, 68) and health education campaigns (38.0%, 70) were similarly recognized by caregivers.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab11\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 11\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePerceived facilitators to recommendation of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"5\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePerceived Facilitators Statement\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePediatric Health Practitioners (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;222)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCaregivers (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;184)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrequency\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePercent (%)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrequency\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePercent (%)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePositive clinical trial results\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e109\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e49.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e88\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e47.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eEndorsement by health authorities\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e71\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e68\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e37.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCost-effectiveness\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e71\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e60\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eHigh demand from parents\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e37\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e59\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eHealth education and awareness campaigns\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e110\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e49.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e70\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e38.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eGovernment support and subsidies\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e88\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e39.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e50\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAvailability in local health facilities\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e36.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e72\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e39.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTrust in healthcare providers\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e71\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e53\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePositive media coverage\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e91\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e41.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e91\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e49.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003ctfoot\u003e \u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd colspan=\"5\"\u003eValues are presented as frequencies and percentages. Multiple responses were permitted; therefore, percentages may exceed 100% within each group.\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tfoot\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec21\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e3.7 Inferential Statistics\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eChi-square tests were performed to examine differences and associations between perceptions of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine among pediatric health practitioners and caregivers. Key findings include:\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eAwareness\u003c/b\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThere was a statistically significant difference in vaccine awareness between pediatric health practitioners and caregivers (χ\u0026sup2; = 8.063, p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.005).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003ePerceived Safety\u003c/b\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePediatric health practitioners reported significantly higher perceived safety compared to caregivers (χ\u0026sup2; = 39.556, p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001). Among practitioners, years of experience was significantly associated with perceived safety (χ\u0026sup2; = 48.915, p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001), while among caregivers, level of education was significantly associated with perceived safety (χ\u0026sup2; = 416.452, p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003ePerceived Effectiveness\u003c/b\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePediatric health practitioners perceived the vaccine as more effective than caregivers (χ\u0026sup2; = 54.788, p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001). Years of experience among practitioners (χ\u0026sup2; = 377.156, p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001) and level of education among caregivers (χ\u0026sup2; = 411.191, p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001) were significantly associated with perceived effectiveness.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eWillingness to Recommend and Acceptability\u003c/b\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAmong pediatric health practitioners, perceived safety was strongly associated with willingness to recommend the vaccine (χ\u0026sup2; = 447.667, Cramer\u0026rsquo;s V\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.741, p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001). Among caregivers, perceived safety (χ\u0026sup2; = 533.485, Cramer\u0026rsquo;s V\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.809, p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001) and perceived effectiveness (χ\u0026sup2; = 531.588, Cramer\u0026rsquo;s V\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.807, p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001) were strongly associated with vaccine acceptability. Additionally, caregivers\u0026rsquo; perceived effectiveness was significantly associated with willingness to recommend the vaccine (χ\u0026sup2; = 589.855, Cramer\u0026rsquo;s V\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.850, p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001).\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"4. Discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe demographic profile of pediatric health practitioners provides important context for understanding their perspectives on the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine. The predominance of females (77.0%) reflects typical gender distributions in pediatric healthcare, which may influence communication styles and patient interactions. A youthful workforce, with over half aged 21\u0026ndash;30 years (51.8%) and predominantly single (74.8%), may be more receptive to innovative interventions but could lack extensive experience in implementing long-term vaccine programs. The high proportion of Bachelor\u0026rsquo;s degree holders (55.9%) suggests a group capable of critically evaluating evidence, yet nearly half had less than one year of professional experience, potentially limiting their confidence in advocating for novel vaccines. Professionally, nurses (32.4%) and public health practitioners (27.5%) form the backbone of child and community health promotion, emphasizing their pivotal role in vaccine delivery. The near-homogeneity in religious affiliation (99.5% Christian) may also shape attitudes toward vaccine acceptance, particularly if linked to faith-based norms. These findings highlight the importance of targeted capacity-building and educational interventions that address both knowledge gaps and practical confidence in vaccine advocacy.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAmong caregivers, the predominance of females (73.4%) underscores the central role of mothers in child health decision-making. Most caregivers were aged 41\u0026ndash;50 years (44.0%), married (91.3%), and had moderate to high educational attainment (86.9% with secondary or tertiary education), indicating a mature population with established decision-making patterns and the ability to comprehend health information. Nonetheless, a substantial proportion work outside the healthcare sector (66.8%) and may have limited exposure to clinical knowledge, reinforcing the need for accessible, community-based educational campaigns. The majority being parents (92.4%) and households with three or more children (51.1%) suggest a strong investment in interventions that protect child health. The homogeneity of religious affiliation (100% Christian) further indicates that culturally and faith-sensitive messaging may enhance vaccine uptake.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe study revealed a notable disparity in awareness of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine between pediatric health practitioners and caregivers. Among practitioners, just over half (52.7%) were aware of the vaccine, leaving nearly half uninformed. This gap highlights that even among healthcare professionals, dissemination of information about new vaccines may be insufficient, potentially limiting their confidence and effectiveness in advocating for vaccine uptake. Caregivers demonstrated an even lower awareness level, with only 38.6% informed about the vaccine. Given that caregivers are the primary decision-makers for their children\u0026rsquo;s health, this lack of awareness represents a significant barrier to successful vaccine implementation. The difference between practitioners and caregivers likely reflects variations in access to health information, health literacy, and engagement with professional versus community-based communication channels. Comparatively, caregiver awareness in this study was lower than the 48.2% reported by Chukwuocha \u003cem\u003eet al\u003c/em\u003e. [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e29\u003c/span\u003e] in Owerri, Imo State. This discrepancy may stem from regional differences in health education initiatives, timing of the studies, or differential access to information.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe study highlights nuanced perceptions of vaccine safety among pediatric health practitioners. A substantial majority (83.8%) considered the R21/Matrix-M vaccine safe, and 80.2% believed its benefits outweigh potential risks. Confidence in clinical trial integrity (78.4%) and trust in health authority information (83.4%) further indicate a generally positive attitude. However, concerns about potential side effects were high (87.4%), revealing a persistent tension between overall confidence and apprehensions about adverse effects. This suggests that while practitioners are inclined to support the vaccine, targeted communication that transparently addresses risk-benefit profiles and side effect data is essential to ensure strong, unequivocal advocacy.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCaregivers demonstrated a more cautious stance. Only 57.1% perceived the vaccine as safe, and 54.3% believed its benefits outweighed risks, with significant proportions expressing disagreement. Concerns about side effects (60.3%) and moderate confidence in clinical trials (50%) point to underlying hesitancy, compounded by only 52.7% trusting safety information from health authorities. Compared to Chukwuocha \u003cem\u003eet al\u003c/em\u003e. [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e29\u003c/span\u003e], who reported 88.2% positive perception among caregivers in Owerri, these findings suggest contextual differences in community sensitization, trust in health authorities, and exposure to vaccine advocacy may influence perceptions.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePediatric health practitioners demonstrated overwhelmingly positive perceptions of the R21/Matrix-M vaccine\u0026rsquo;s effectiveness. The majority (86.9%) regarded it as effective in preventing malaria in children, and 84.3% believed it could reduce community-level malaria incidence. Strong trust in the supporting evidence (78.8%) and endorsement of long-term benefits, including contributions to malaria eradication (84.7%) and reduction in morbidity and mortality (88.3%), underscore practitioners\u0026rsquo; confidence in the vaccine as a pivotal public health tool. These findings suggest that practitioners\u0026rsquo; evidence-based optimism is likely to facilitate strong advocacy, recommendation, and uptake within clinical and community settings.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCaregivers also expressed generally positive perceptions, though with more variability. Slightly over half believed the vaccine is effective (54.9%) and capable of reducing malaria incidence (53.2%), while similar proportions trusted the supporting research data (54.3%) and recognized its potential to contribute to long-term malaria control (56%). Just over half (56.5%) acknowledged its role in reducing malaria-related morbidity and mortality. Although mean scores indicate only moderate agreement (2.6\u0026ndash;2.7), the overall trend reflects a cautiously favorable perception, tempered by reservations and uncertainty regarding long-term benefits.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePediatric health practitioners demonstrated strong support for the R21/Matrix-M vaccine. Most practitioners were willing to recommend it to parents (75.7%) and to have their own children vaccinated (82.5%), reflecting high confidence in the vaccine\u0026rsquo;s safety and efficacy. Additionally, 76.2% believed the vaccine would be widely accepted in their communities, and 86.5% emphasized the importance of vaccine availability in local health facilities. These findings highlight practitioners\u0026rsquo; recognition of both the clinical and logistical factors essential for successful vaccination programs. While overall endorsement was strong, some variability regarding community acceptance and implementation indicates a need for targeted strategies to address specific concerns and promote equitable access. Comparative evidence supports these findings. Isah \u003cem\u003eet al\u003c/em\u003e. [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR30\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e30\u003c/span\u003e] reported lower willingness among hospital pharmacists to vaccinate their children (54.1%) and recommend the vaccine (50.4% at UNTH, 62.5% at ESUTH). This discrepancy suggests that professional roles influence advocacy, with pediatric practitioners directly involved in child health demonstrating higher endorsement than pharmacists, who may prioritize safety concerns over proactive recommendation.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCaregivers showed a more cautious yet moderately supportive stance. Half (50%) were willing to recommend the vaccine to others, and 53.3% were inclined to vaccinate their own children. Similarly, 53.2% believed parents in their community would accept the vaccine, and 53.8% emphasized the importance of local availability. These moderate levels, reflected in mean scores of 2.6, indicate lingering reservations and uncertainties, emphasizing the need for tailored education, community outreach, and clear communication about safety and effectiveness to build trust and enhance uptake. Contextual comparisons further highlight variability in acceptance. Chukwuocha \u003cem\u003eet al\u003c/em\u003e. [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e29\u003c/span\u003e] reported a 95.6% acceptability rate among caregivers in Owerri, while Bongomin \u003cem\u003eet al\u003c/em\u003e. [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR31\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e31\u003c/span\u003e] recorded 91.4% in Uganda, contrasting sharply with the moderate acceptance observed in Awka. This underscores the influence of regional context, trust in healthcare providers, and effectiveness of public health campaigns on vaccine acceptance. Addressing these factors through culturally sensitive advocacy, transparent messaging, and community engagement is essential to improve uptake and achieve public health objectives in malaria prevention.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBoth pediatric health practitioners and caregivers identified several barriers to recommending the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine, though there were notable differences in emphasis. Among pediatric health practitioners, 51.4% (114) highlighted a lack of sufficient information about the vaccine as a significant barrier, followed by 38.7% (86) expressing concerns about safety. Caregivers, on the other hand, ranked lack of sufficient information even higher, with 63.0% (116) reporting this as a primary concern, while 38.0% (70) pointed to negative media reports as a significant issue. Parental resistance was another common barrier, with 34.7% (77) of pediatric health practitioners and 34.2% (63) of caregivers identifying it as a challenge. Other barriers such as concerns about vaccine effectiveness, cost, cultural beliefs, and limited vaccine availability were acknowledged by both groups, though the prevalence varied slightly, with cultural beliefs being cited by 27.6% (60) of pediatric health practitioners and 29.9% (55) of caregivers. These findings suggest that while both groups face similar challenges, caregivers appear more influenced by external perceptions, such as media reports, whereas health practitioners are more concerned with informational gaps and direct patient resistance. Addressing these barriers through comprehensive education and improved communication strategies could help alleviate concerns, fostering greater acceptance and uptake of the vaccine. Similar to the findings of this study, Isah \u003cem\u003eet al.\u003c/em\u003e [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR30\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e30\u003c/span\u003e] reported that 61.9% of pharmacists at UNTH and 67.3% at ESUTH expressed concerns about adverse effects, aligning with the current study's findings, where caregivers and pediatric health practitioners cited similar apprehensions. This widespread concern underscores the importance of addressing safety perceptions through robust post-marketing surveillance and transparent communication of safety data to build trust across all stakeholder groups.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBoth pediatric health practitioners and caregivers identified key facilitators for recommending the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine, underscoring shared but distinct priorities. Among pediatric health practitioners, 49.5% (110) emphasized the importance of health education and awareness campaigns, highlighting the role of informed decision-making in vaccine acceptance. Positive clinical trial results were also a significant facilitator, cited by 49.1% (109), reinforcing confidence in the vaccine's safety and efficacy. Positive media coverage emerged as another important factor, with 41.0% (91) acknowledging its influence in shaping perceptions. Government support and subsidies were seen as essential, with 39.6% (88) recognizing them as pivotal for increasing vaccine adoption. Additionally, the availability of the vaccine in local health facilities was noted by 36.0% (80) as crucial for accessibility. Caregivers similarly prioritized positive media coverage (49.5%, 91), positive clinical trial results (47.8%, 88), and the availability of the vaccine in local health facilities (39.1%, 72) as key facilitators. Endorsement by health authorities (37.0%, 68) and health education campaigns (38.0%, 70) were also highlighted, demonstrating caregivers' reliance on trusted sources and comprehensive information to guide their decisions. These findings suggest that both groups value informed and accessible approaches to vaccine recommendation, with caregivers placing slightly more emphasis on external influences such as media coverage and health authority endorsement. Addressing these facilitators through targeted communication strategies and ensuring vaccine availability at the community level could enhance vaccine acceptance and trust, ultimately improving malaria prevention outcomes.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe study revealed several significant associations highlighting the critical role of perception in vaccine acceptance. Awareness of the R21/Matrix-M vaccine differed significantly between pediatric health practitioners and caregivers (p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.005), emphasizing the need for targeted information campaigns. Perceived safety also showed a highly significant difference (p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001) between the groups, with pediatric practitioners\u0026rsquo; years of experience strongly linked to safety perceptions (p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001), indicating that professional exposure enhances confidence in the vaccine. Similarly, caregivers\u0026rsquo; educational attainment significantly influenced their perception of vaccine safety, reinforcing the importance of tailored health education. Perceived effectiveness mirrored these patterns, with significant differences between practitioners and caregivers (p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001) and strong associations with practitioners\u0026rsquo; experience (p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001). These findings underscore that both education and professional experience shape attitudes toward vaccine safety and efficacy, highlighting the importance of continuous professional development and community-focused educational interventions. Crucially, perceived safety and effectiveness were strongly associated with willingness to recommend and accept the vaccine in both groups. Among practitioners, Cramer\u0026rsquo;s V of 0.741 (safety \u0026rarr; recommendation) and 0.850 (effectiveness \u0026rarr; recommendation) indicates a very strong link, mirrored among caregivers (0.809 for safety \u0026rarr; acceptability, 0.807 for effectiveness \u0026rarr; acceptability). These results demonstrate that confidence in safety and efficacy directly drives advocacy and uptake, which is essential for successful vaccine deployment and public health impact.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThese findings align with Chukwuocha \u003cem\u003eet al\u003c/em\u003e. [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e29\u003c/span\u003e], who observed a significant association between caregivers\u0026rsquo; perceptions and intent to comply with a malaria vaccine (p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001), reinforcing that positive perceptions are pivotal to uptake. While Isah \u003cem\u003eet al\u003c/em\u003e. [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR30\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e30\u003c/span\u003e] identified demographic predictors such as education and age influencing vaccine recommendation, this study found limited demographic associations, except for caregiver education and awareness. This suggests that contextual factors and professional roles may moderate how demographics influence attitudes, underscoring the need for tailored interventions that address specific knowledge gaps and concerns to mitigate hesitancy and improve adoption of the R21/Matrix-M vaccine.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"5. Conclusions","content":"\u003cp\u003e This study provides critical evidence on the perceived safety, effectiveness, and acceptability of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine among pediatric health practitioners and caregivers in Awka, Southeast Nigeria. The findings demonstrate strong and consistent associations between perceptions of vaccine safety and effectiveness and both willingness to recommend and accept the vaccine, underscoring the central role of confidence in shaping vaccine advocacy and uptake. The observed Cramer\u0026rsquo;s V values further highlight that improving these perceptions can substantially enhance support for malaria vaccination.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOverall, both pediatric health practitioners and caregivers expressed considerable confidence in the vaccine, reinforcing its potential for successful integration into routine immunization services. However, persistent concerns related to inadequate information, safety apprehensions, and parental resistance remain significant barriers. However, targeted health education, positive media engagement, and visible government endorsement emerged as powerful facilitators of acceptance.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThese findings emphasize the urgent need for coordinated, evidence-based strategies that prioritize clear communication, proactive community engagement, and sustained professional training. Policymakers and public health stakeholders should strengthen health education campaigns, leverage trusted media platforms, and ensure reliable vaccine availability to build confidence and maximize uptake. Such targeted interventions are essential to support the effective rollout of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine and to accelerate progress toward reducing childhood malaria morbidity and mortality in Nigeria and other malaria-endemic settings.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Abbreviations","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"DefinitionList\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"DefinitionListEntry\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"Term\"\u003eCOOUTH\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"Description\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eChukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Teaching Hospital\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"DefinitionListEntry\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"Term\"\u003eWHO\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"Description\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWorld Health Organization\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEthics approval and consent to participate\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEthical approval for the study was obtained from the Health Research Ethics Committee, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu, with reference number\u0026nbsp;NHREC/05/01/2008B-FWA00002458-1RB00002323. Informed consent was obtained from all participants, ensuring they understand the study\u0026apos;s purpose, procedures, potential risks, and benefits, and their right to withdraw at any time without any repercussions. Confidentiality and anonymity were strictly maintained, with all data securely stored. Participants were treated with respect, and their responses were used solely for research purposes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConsent for publication\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot applicable\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAvailability of data and materials\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe datasets supporting the conclusions of this article are included within the article (and its additional files).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompeting interests\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors declare that they have no competing interests.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAuthors\u0026rsquo; contributions\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLOP conceptualized the study, designed the methodology, supervised data collection, performed data analysis, and drafted the manuscript. NEA critically revised the manuscript. BIO contributed to conceptualization, methodology, questionnaire development and validation, supervision, and provided critical revisions to the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAcknowledgements\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Authors acknowledge the efforts of the trained research assistants employed for data collection. They include Okotume Emmanuela Ngozi, Etorobong Raphael Ikono, Aremu Christianah, Idongesit Clement Sunday, Adikpe Thomas Dadi, Emeka, and Filan Kayode Odunayoe.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGupta PA, Maheshwari RK, Malaria. Wolters Kluwer India Pvt Ltd; 2019 Aug 20.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eWorld Health Organization. Malaria [Internet]. 2023 Dec 4 [cited 2024 Jun 22]. 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Ifakara MasterClasses: lessons from leading experts on the battle against malaria. Trends Parasitol. 2023 Jun 16.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eYahya M. Polio vaccines-difficult to swallow: the story of a controversy in northern Nigeria. Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex; 2006 Mar.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMbachie DU. Knowledge, attitudes, and hesitancy to COVID-19 vaccination uptake in Nigeria [dissertation]. Minneapolis, MN: Walden University; 2024.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eElosiuba NV, Obiagwu KF, Umeanaeto PU, Irikannu KC, Onwuachusi GL, Obiefule IE, Aniefuna CO, Chukwubude CB, Nzeukwu CI. Prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis in urine samples of women attending Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Teaching Hospital, Awka, Southeastern Nigeria. 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Awareness, perceptions and intent to comply with the prospective malaria vaccine in parts of South Eastern Nigeria. Malar J. 2018;17:1\u0026ndash;7.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eIsah A, Nnadi OA, Obi OC, Nnadi CC, Isiogugu ON, Ukoha-Kalu BO. Risk perception and hesitancy towards malaria vaccines among hospital pharmacists in southeast Nigeria: a cross-sectional study. Int J Health Promot Educ 2023 Aug 26:1\u0026ndash;4.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBongomin F, Megwera FJ, Mundua J, Naluwooza N, Ayesiga F, Nsubuga Y, Madraa G, Kibone W, Okot J. Malaria vaccine acceptance among next of kin of children under 5 years of age in Gulu, northern Uganda in 2023: a community-based study. Ther Adv Infect Dis. 2024;11:20499361241247467.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ol\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"R21/Matrix-M, malaria vaccine, vaccine acceptability, vaccine perception, pediatric health practitioners, caregivers","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9012196/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9012196/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eNigeria has the highest number of malaria deaths globally, and children bear the greatest burden. Although major investments have supported the development and clinical trials of the novel R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine, little attention has been given to how frontline pediatric health practitioners and caregivers perceive this new intervention, especially in high-burden settings. Their confidence and acceptance are critical to successful vaccine rollout. This study therefore explored the perceptions of safety, effectiveness, and acceptability of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine among pediatric health practitioners and caregivers in Southeast Nigeria, with the goal of generating context-specific evidence to guide implementation strategies in malaria-endemic regions.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eMethods\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional design using a quantitative approach. 406 pediatric health practitioners and caregivers in Awka, Southeast Nigeria, were recruited for the study by stratified sampling. Data were collected using structured questionnaire that assessed socio-demographic characteristics, awareness of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine, perceived safety, perceived effectiveness, acceptability, and perceived barriers and facilitators to vaccine uptake. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 20. Descriptive statistics summarized key variables, while Chi-square tests examined associations between perceptions and willingness to recommend or accept the vaccine, with statistical significance set at p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResults\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAwareness of the R21/Matrix-M vaccine was relatively low among pediatric health practitioners (52.7%) and caregivers (38.6%). Most pediatric practitioners perceived the vaccine as safe (83.8%) and effective (86.9%), and 75.7% were willing to recommend it. Caregivers demonstrated moderate perceptions of safety (57.1%) and effectiveness (54.9%), with 53.3% expressing willingness to vaccinate their children. Perceived safety was significantly associated with willingness to recommend the vaccine among practitioners (p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001) and with acceptability among caregivers (p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001). Key facilitators for vaccine acceptance included targeted health education, positive media coverage, and government endorsement, while major barriers encompassed insufficient information, safety concerns, and parental resistance.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eConclusions\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003ePerceptions of safety and effectiveness are key drivers of advocacy and acceptability of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine. Targeted health education, proactive management of misinformation, and reliable vaccine access are essential to support effective rollout. Policy-driven interventions engaging both healthcare professionals and caregivers can accelerate uptake and strengthen malaria control efforts in Nigeria.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Perceived safety, effectiveness and acceptability of R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine among pediatric health practitioners and caregivers in Southeast Nigeria: a cross-sectional study","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2026-03-03 09:54:49","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9012196/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"2d2c051c-259f-4357-8c8b-807c0976978e","owner":[],"postedDate":"March 3rd, 2026","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-05-07T18:57:53+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2026-03-03 09:54:49","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-9012196","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-9012196","identity":"rs-9012196","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}