Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of Greek adults: a cross-sectional survey

Objectives The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and mitigation measures based on social distancing are expected to have serious adverse effects on mental health. This cross-sectional study aimed to examine self-reported changes in the mental health status of Greek adults. Study design The current study is a primary research conducted on Greek adults during the first wave of the epidemic (March to April 2020). Methods A total of 527 individuals participated in an online survey using a validated questionnaire (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-STAI and DASS-21). Results The respondents had a moderate mental health status based on the following scores: STAI-S, 45.8; STAI-T, 40.7; depression, 4.6; anxiety, 3.1; and stress, 6.1. Women, younger respondents, those from lower income households, and those living in smaller apartments experienced increased depression, anxiety, and stress. Additionally, infection control practices during the COVID-19 pandemic such as the use of masks, gloves, and antiseptic can drastically decrease the prevalence of mental health illnesses. Conclusions These findings can be used by the Greek State to reduce the effects of COVID-19 on the mental health of the population and protect socially vulnerable groups.