Frequency and risk factors of acute kidney injury in ICU patients of Omdurman teaching hospital

Abstract Background: acute kidney injury is a common complication in critically ill patients and it is commonly associated with high mortality and morbidity with adverse short and long term outcome. bjectives: The main objective of this study was to determine the frequency of acute kidney injury in ICU patients in Omdurman teaching hospital. And to assess the risk factors associated with the development of acute kidney injury (AKI) in a critically ill patient. We also intended to correlate acute kidney injury with the primary disease required admitting to ICU and find out the impact of acute kidney injury in ICU outcomes. Methods: In this descriptive prospective, cohort hospital-based study, 211 patients were studied and followed up during admission in ICU using standardized questionnaire to collect clinical data and investigation Results: a total of 61 patients has been included in the study developed renal impairment during their stay in ICU 39 (64%) patients were males and 22 ( 36%) were female mean age was 41 ± 5 renal impairment developed after mean of 5 days of admission and the most common cause was decreased level of consciousness and severe hypotension. sepsis accounting for 40% of the admission. The outcome in ICU showed that the mortality rate was high up to 41% in kidney injury patients Sepsis account for over 96 % (24 patients) who have passed away. Conclusions: development of AKI in ICU is an important risk factor for poor outcomes in critically setting. Prevention is the best method for avoiding AKI, with the early identification and recognition of high-risk patients.