The role of gut and vaginal microbiomes in reproductive health: Implications for PCOS, endometriosis, pre-eclampsia, and beyond

The role of gut and vaginal microbiomes in reproductive health: Implications for PCOS, endometriosis, pre-eclampsia, and beyond Corresponding Author Sanjay Gupte Accurate Diagnostics Private Limited, Pune, India Gupte Hospital, Pune, India Correspondence Sanjay Gupte, Accurate Diagnostic Private Limited, Pune, Maharashtra 411038, India. Email: [email protected] Search for more papers by this authorChittaranjan Narahari Purandare Purandare Clinic, Mumbai, India Search for more papers by this authorManjusha G. Deulkar Accurate Diagnostics Private Limited, Pune, India Search for more papers by this authorSarjan Shah Greenarray Genomic Research and Solutions, Pune, India Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author Sanjay Gupte Accurate Diagnostics Private Limited, Pune, India Gupte Hospital, Pune, India Correspondence Sanjay Gupte, Accurate Diagnostic Private Limited, Pune, Maharashtra 411038, India. Email: [email protected] Search for more papers by this authorChittaranjan Narahari Purandare Purandare Clinic, Mumbai, India Search for more papers by this authorManjusha G. Deulkar Accurate Diagnostics Private Limited, Pune, India Search for more papers by this authorSarjan Shah Greenarray Genomic Research and Solutions, Pune, India Search for more papers by this authorAbstract The interplay between the gut microbiome and reproductive health has gained increasing attention in recent years. Emerging research suggests that imbalances in the gut microbiome may impact reproductive function through various mechanisms. This review explores the link between gut and vaginal microbiomes and reproductive dysfunctions in women, focusing on conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), endometriosis, pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), preterm premature rupture of membranes (PROM), preterm birth, and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The review highlights the significant associations between microbial dysbiosis and these reproductive conditions, emphasizing the role of gut and vaginal microbiota in their pathogenesis. Understanding these links opens potential avenues for novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies targeting the microbiome to improve reproductive and long-term health outcomes in women. CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT The authors confirm there are no conflicts of interest. DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT Data openly available in a public repository that issues datasets with DOIs. REFERENCES - 1Fauser B, Tarlatzis BC, Rebar RW, et al. Consensus on women's health aspects of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Hum Reprod. 2012; 27(1): 14-24. - 2Froment P, Plotton I, Giulivi C, et al. At the crossroads of fertility and metabolism: the importance of AMPK-dependent signaling in female infertility associated with hyperandrogenism. Hum Reprod. 2022; 37(6): 1207-1228. - 3Duan L, An X, Zhang Y, et al. 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