Internal Solitary Wave Generation Using A Jet-Array Wavemaker

Internal Solitary Wave Generation Using A Jet-Array Wavemaker | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Internal Solitary Wave Generation Using A Jet-Array Wavemaker Jen-Ping Chu, Patrick Lynett, Mitul Luhar This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-5405979/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 20 Feb, 2025 Read the published version in Experiments in Fluids → Version 1 posted 9 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract This paper evaluates the experimental generation of internal solitary waves (ISWs) in a miscible two-layer system with a free surface using a jet-array wavemaker (JAW). Unlike traditional gate-release experiments, the JAW system generates ISWs by forcing a prescribed vertical distribution of mass flux. Experiments examine three different layer-depth ratios, with ISW amplitudes up to the maximum allowed by the extended Korteweg-de Vries (eKdV) solution. Phase speeds and wave profiles are captured via planar laser-induced fluorescence and the velocity field is measured synchronously using particle imaging velocimetry. Measured properties are directly compared with the eKdV predictions. As expected, small- and intermediate-amplitude waves match well with the corresponding eKdV solutions, with errors in amplitude and phase speed below 10%. For large waves with amplitudes approaching the maximum allowed by the eKdV solution, the phase speed and the velocity profiles resemble the eKdV solution while the wave profiles are distorted following the trough. This can potentially be attributed to Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities forming at the pycnocline. Larger errors are generally observed when the local Richardson number at the JAW inlet exceeds the threshold for instability. internal waves internal shear two-layer system Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 20 Feb, 2025 Read the published version in Experiments in Fluids → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 29 Dec, 2024 Reviews received at journal 29 Dec, 2024 Reviews received at journal 27 Dec, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 29 Nov, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 28 Nov, 2024 Reviewers invited by journal 15 Nov, 2024 Editor assigned by journal 07 Nov, 2024 Submission checks completed at journal 07 Nov, 2024 First submitted to journal 06 Nov, 2024 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-5405979","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":379604520,"identity":"e9597ce4-01d0-474b-937d-2b578d2a7d11","order_by":0,"name":"Jen-Ping Chu","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAw0lEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBACxgYgkQDE/BA+MwlaJBuI1QIHBgeI1cLc3nvswcMdtfLGN9IffmCosE5sIOiwnnPpBolnjhtuu5FjLMFwJp0ILTNyzCQS244lmN3IYWNgbDtMhJb5byBajGekP2Ng/EeMlhk8IC01CQYSCWbA8CNGS0+OuUFi2wHDGWfeGEskHEs3JqjFsP2M2cOfbXXy/O3AEPtQYy1LWEsDAxuQOgzhJRBSDgLyDGAtdcSoHQWjYBSMgpEKAF37P1yvwtTLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"University of Southern California","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jen-Ping","middleName":"","lastName":"Chu","suffix":""},{"id":379604521,"identity":"eae580b5-46d3-4cc7-953e-0521872169d9","order_by":1,"name":"Patrick Lynett","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Southern California","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Patrick","middleName":"","lastName":"Lynett","suffix":""},{"id":379604522,"identity":"3346b7e9-70e0-44a5-800d-fc91f869dd72","order_by":2,"name":"Mitul Luhar","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Southern California","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Mitul","middleName":"","lastName":"Luhar","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-11-07 02:08:18","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5405979/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5405979/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-025-03979-1","type":"published","date":"2025-02-20T15:57:16+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":77053763,"identity":"73704358-fd6c-4d0d-b970-3330980de66f","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-02-24 16:30:15","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":5013672,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"EXiFSubmission.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5405979/v1_covered_4e415a5e-e484-406b-8062-8d7b56c5647f.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Internal Solitary Wave Generation Using A Jet-Array Wavemaker","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"experiments-in-fluids","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"exif","sideBox":"Learn more about [Experiments in Fluids](http://link.springer.com/journal/348)","snPcode":"348","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/348/3","title":"Experiments in Fluids","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"internal waves, internal shear, two-layer system","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5405979/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5405979/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eThis paper evaluates the experimental generation of internal solitary waves (ISWs) in a miscible two-layer system with a free surface using a jet-array wavemaker (JAW). 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