OceanSDM: Predicting dynamic, three-dimensional habitats for mobile marine species

OceanSDM: Predicting dynamic, three-dimensional habitats for mobile marine species | Authorea try { document.documentElement.classList.add('js'); } catch (e) { } var _gaq = _gaq || []; _gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'G-8VDV14Y67G']); _gaq.push(['_trackPageview']); (function() { var ga = document.createElement('script'); ga.type = 'text/javascript'; ga.async = true; ga.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://ssl' : 'http://www') + '.google-analytics.com/ga.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s); })(); Skip to main content Preprints Collections Wiley Open Research IET Open Research Ecological Society of Japan All Collections About About Authorea FAQs Contact Us Quick Search anywhere Search for preprint articles, keywords, etc. Search Search ADVANCED SEARCH SCROLL Ecography This is a preprint and has not been peer reviewed. Data may be preliminary. 12 May 2026 V1 Latest version Share on OceanSDM: Predicting dynamic, three-dimensional habitats for mobile marine species Authors : Xiong Zhang 0009-0007-0409-5173 [email protected] and Zhenzhen Chen [email protected] Authors Info & Affiliations https://doi.org/10.22541/authorea.15003111/v1 28 views 16 downloads Contents Abstract Supplementary Material Information & Authors Metrics & Citations View Options References Figures Tables Media Share Abstract Species distribution models (SDMs) are widely used to predict species suitable habitats. However, existing SDMs are largely static and 2D based, inadequate for mapping the three-dimensional, dynamic habitats of mobile marine species. OceanSDM provides novel tools that explicitly consider the temporal and 3D spatial dimensions, including functions for: (i) Downloading and preparing species occurrences and predictor data at a focal temporal scale (monthly, quarterly, seasonal); (ii) Fitting dynamic 2D SDMs and generating predicted ranges and related figures; and (iii) Estimating and mapping species preferred and suitable depths across predicted 2D grids over time based on species realized climatic niche. Package functions have been designed to be: convenient and user-friendly; compatible with other SDM tools; adaptable for targeting various species. We illustrate OceanSDM functions with an example of a threatened pelagic shark, the whale shark (Rhincodon typus). As OceanSDM functions are flexible and conveniently applied, these tools could be readily applied to other marine taxa whose realized climatic niche could be estimated. Supplementary Material File (supplementary information.docx) supplementary information Download 6.87 MB File (data and code statement.docx) data and code statement Download 13.74 KB Information & Authors Information Version history V1 Version 1 12 May 2026 Collection Ecography Keywords marine fish ecological niche conservation biology species distribution modelling global change individual-based modelling range dynamics movement ecology population dynamic modelling species distribution model migratory marine species dynamic distribution three-dimensional marine space realized climatic niche species distribution model ecological niche model marine ecology kelp forests climate change marine fish ecological niche conservation biology Spatial ecology temporal ecology biogeography macroecology species distribution biogeography software monitoring biodiversity machine learning environmental science human-nature interactions biogeography macroecology biological invasion species distribution modelling global change individual-based modelling range dynamics movement ecology population dynamic modelling Authors Affiliations Xiong Zhang 0009-0007-0409-5173 [email protected] Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China View all articles by this author Zhenzhen Chen [email protected] Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China View all articles by this author Metrics & Citations Metrics Article Usage 28 views 16 downloads .FvxKWukQNSOunydq8rnd { width: 100px; } Citations Download citation Xiong Zhang, Zhenzhen Chen. OceanSDM: Predicting dynamic, three-dimensional habitats for mobile marine species. Authorea . 12 May 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22541/authorea.15003111/v1 If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download. For more information or tips please see 'Downloading to a citation manager' in the Help menu . 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