Twentieth Century Precipitation Trends in the Upper Mzingwane Sub-catchment of the Northern Limpopo Basin, Zimbabwe

Abstract This study evaluates precipitation trends in the upper Mzingwane sub-catchment (UMS) of Zimbabwe for the variables of annual precipitation, extremely wet days, consecutive wet days and consecutive dry days. The UMS is of strategic socio-economic significance in terms of its provision of water security and sustenance to livelihoods. The analysis is undertaken at four stations: Bulawayo Goetz, Filabusi, Mbalabala and Matopos National Park, and for the period 1921–2000. In general trends were found not to have local statistical significance, with the exception of the Matopos station (in the westernmost extent of UMS) which records significant increasing (declining) trends for most dryness (wetness) extreme indices. A general north to south-western declining precipitation gradient during the past ~ 69 years over the UMS was also found. The findings provide a baseline for future extended historical and future precipitation trend studies, and are important in the context of the socio-economic impacts of extreme events in this region.