Green Synthesis of Ag Nanoparticles by Celery Leaf Extract Supported on Magnetic Carbon-Based Biochar Substrate, as a Green Catalyst for Reduction Reactions

Green synthesis of a noble metal such as Ag nanoparticles is an enormously developed research area. In this study, biochar/Fe 3 O 4 -Ag magnetic nanocatalyst was produced via a green path by using Celery stalk as a carbon-based substrate, and Celery leaf extract as reducing and stabilizing agents to construct Ag nanoparticles. The synthesized nanocatalyst was determined using various techniques, such as UV-Vis, FT-IR spectroscopy, XRD (X-ray diffraction), SEM/EDX spectroscopy (scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray), TEM (transmission electron microscopy), and VSM (vibrating sample magnetometer). To survey the catalytic action of the biochar/Fe 3 O 4 -Ag nanocatalyst, it was used in the reduction reaction of disparate nitroaromatics, aldehydes, and ketones. This catalyst has demonstrated premier characteristics in terms of the amount, reusability, recoverability, activity, and structural integrity of the catalyst during the reaction. In addition, biochar/Fe 3 O 4 -Ag could be detached magnetically and recycled multiple times without significantly reducing its catalytic performance.