The role of factors involved in proliferation processes in the pathogenesis of adenomyosis

Alexandra K. Beganova, Maria I. Yarmolinskaya, M.A. Shalina, T.G. Tral, Gulrukhsor Kh. Tolibova
In: Сибирский научный медицинский журнал · 2026 · vol. 46(2) , pp. 73–80 · doi:10.18699/ssmj20260208 · W7160449850
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This study found increased STIP1 expression in the endometrium of adenomyosis patients during the secretory phase, suggesting a role in proliferation-apoptosis imbalance, while PTEN expression showed no significant differences.

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The study assessed expression of proliferation-related factors STIP1 (stress-inducible phosphoprotein-1) and PTEN in endometrial tissue from 45 women aged 18–35 years, comparing 34 patients with adenomyosis to 11 healthy controls. Endometrial samples were collected during the proliferative and secretory phases and analyzed histologically and by immunohistochemistry for STIP1 and PTEN expression. STIP1 expression was significantly higher in the glandular component of the endometrium of adenomyosis patients in the secretory phase (p < 0.05), while PTEN showed no significant between-group differences regardless of menstrual phase. The authors note that establishing PTEN’s role may require examining phosphorylated PTEN and using additional research methods; this paper is centrally about adenomyosis — investigating STIP1 and PTEN expression in endometrium in relation to adenomyosis pathogenesis.

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Abstract

The study of the expression of proliferation factors by immunohistochemistry is necessary to determine their role in the pathogenesis of the disease and to develop new diagnostic methods and pathogenetically based therapy. Aim of the study was to evaluate the expression of factors involved in proliferation processes (stress-induced phosphoprotein 1 (STIP1), phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN)) in the endometrium of reproductive-age patients with adenomyosis. Material and methods. 45 women aged 18 to 35 years were examined. The main group consisted of 34 patients with adenomyosis, the control group included 11 healthy women. Endometrial sampling was performed during hysteroscopy or by aspiration biopsy in the proliferative and secretory phases of the menstrual cycle. Histological and immunohistochemical studies of the endometrium were performed to assess the expression of STIP1 and PTEN. Results . The expression of STIP1 is statistically significantly higher in the glandular component of the endometrium of patients with adenomyosis compared with the control group in the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in PTEN expression in the endometrium between the groups, regardless of the phase of the menstrual cycle. Conclusions . Increased expression of STIP1 in the glandular component of the endometrium of patients with adenomyosis in the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle may be one of the reasons for the imbalance of proliferation and apoptosis in adenomyosis. In order to determine the role of PTEN in the pathogenesis of adenomyosis, it may be necessary to determine its phosphorylated form, as well as use other research methods
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Роль факторов, участвующих в процессах пролиферации, в патогенезе аденомиоза https://doi.org/10.18699/SSMJ20260208 Аннотация Изучение экспрессии факторов пролиферации методом иммуногистохимии необходимо для определения их роли в патогенезе заболевания, а также для разработки новых методов диагностики, патогенетически обоснованной терапии. Цель исследования – оценить экспрессию факторов, участвующих в процессах пролиферации (стресс индуцированный фосфопротеин-1 (STIP1), гомолог фосфатазы и тензина (PTEN)), в эндометрии пациенток репродуктивного возраста с аденомиозом. Материал и методы. Обследовано 45 женщин в возрасте от 18 до 35 лет. Основную группу составили 34 пациентки с аденомиозом, в контрольную группу вошли 11 здоровых жен щин. Образцы эндометрия забирали в ходе гистероскопии или с помощью пайпель-биопсии в пролиферативную и секреторную фазы менструального цикла. Выполнены гистологическое и иммуногистохимическое исследования эндометрия с оценкой экспрессии STIP1 и PTEN. Результаты. Экспрессия STIP1 статистически значимо выше в железистом компоненте эндометрия больных аденомиозом по сравнению с группой контроля в секреторной фазе менструального цикла (р < 0,05). Достоверных различий экспрессии PTEN в эндометрии между группами не обнаружено вне зависимости от фазы менструального цикла. Заключение. Повышенная экспрессия STIP1 в железистом компоненте эндометрия больных аденомиозом в секреторной фазе менструального цикла мо жет быть одной из причин нарушения баланса процессов пролиферации и апоптоза при аденомиозе. Чтобы установить роль PTEN в патогенезе аденомиоза, возможно, необходимо определять его фосфорилированную форму, а также использовать другие методы исследования. Ключевые слова Об авторах А. К. БегановаРоссия Беганова Александра Камильевна 199034, г. Санкт-Петербург, Менделеевская линия, 3 М. И. Ярмолинская Россия Ярмолинская Мария Игоревна, д.м.н., проф. РАН, проф. 199034, г. Санкт-Петербург, Менделеевская линия, 3 М. А. 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