Data-Driven Sensitivity Analysis of Plan Irregularity and Seismic Parameters Affecting Building Response

Data-Driven Sensitivity Analysis of Plan Irregularity and Seismic Parameters Affecting Building Response | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Data-Driven Sensitivity Analysis of Plan Irregularity and Seismic Parameters Affecting Building Response Arjun Chandra Biswas, Md Ariful Islam, Abdullahi Ali Said, Azmaeen Rahman Abhra This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8320039/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Understanding the interplay between structural configuration and earthquake characteristics on building response is essential for advancing seismic performance evaluation. While previous studies examined plan irregularities and seismic parameters separately, they often overlooked their interdependent, nonlinear effects on building response. To address this gap, the present study proposes a unified, data-driven methodology that simultaneously incorporates plan irregularity measures and seismic features. Geometric irregularities are represented using four dimensionless indices, including overall aspect ratio (Y/X), two vertical limb ratios (Y₁/Y and Y₂/Y), and the horizontal projection ratio (X₁/Y), while seismic properties such as significant duration (SD), peak ground acceleration (PGA), frequency content (PGA/PGV), and Arias Intensity (AI) are considered. Three modelling approaches: Multiple Linear Regression (MLR), and Random Forest Regression (RFR), Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) were evaluated, with ANN proving the most accurate to capture nonlinear interaction and selected for conducting the sensitivity analysis. The methodology was applied to three plan configurations (C, T, + shaped) under 36 spectrally matched bi-directional ground motions of varying significant duration (SD 25 s). Building responses, including base shear, roof displacement, and roof acceleration, were evaluated using time-history analyses along the two principal directions. Results indicate that seismic parameters, particularly PGA and PGA/PGV, have a substantially stronger influence on building response than geometric irregularities, while the overall aspect ratio (Y/X) is the most influential structural descriptor. Plan irregularity Seismic parameters Data-driven modeling Building response Sensitivity Analysis Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8320039","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":561739332,"identity":"3ac0b866-4fba-4e77-bbec-bdec163a37aa","order_by":0,"name":"Arjun Chandra 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Response","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Plan irregularity, Seismic parameters, Data-driven modeling, Building response, Sensitivity Analysis","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8320039/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8320039/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eUnderstanding the interplay between structural configuration and earthquake characteristics on building response is essential for advancing seismic performance evaluation. While previous studies examined plan irregularities and seismic parameters separately, they often overlooked their interdependent, nonlinear effects on building response. To address this gap, the present study proposes a unified, data-driven methodology that simultaneously incorporates plan irregularity measures and seismic features. Geometric irregularities are represented using four dimensionless indices, including overall aspect ratio (Y/X), two vertical limb ratios (Y₁/Y and Y₂/Y), and the horizontal projection ratio (X₁/Y), while seismic properties such as significant duration (SD), peak ground acceleration (PGA), frequency content (PGA/PGV), and Arias Intensity (AI) are considered. Three modelling approaches: Multiple Linear Regression (MLR), and Random Forest Regression (RFR), Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) were evaluated, with ANN proving the most accurate to capture nonlinear interaction and selected for conducting the sensitivity analysis. The methodology was applied to three plan configurations (C, T, + shaped) under 36 spectrally matched bi-directional ground motions of varying significant duration (SD\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;25 s and SD\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;25 s). Building responses, including base shear, roof displacement, and roof acceleration, were evaluated using time-history analyses along the two principal directions. Results indicate that seismic parameters, particularly PGA and PGA/PGV, have a substantially stronger influence on building response than geometric irregularities, while the overall aspect ratio (Y/X) is the most influential structural descriptor.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Data-Driven Sensitivity Analysis of Plan Irregularity and Seismic Parameters Affecting Building Response","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-12-19 12:26:55","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8320039/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"24e4b584-afd9-4d2c-a7d5-c832a5b86085","owner":[],"postedDate":"December 19th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-01-13T12:54:52+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-12-19 12:26:55","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-8320039","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-8320039","identity":"rs-8320039","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}