Desynchronization events in solar indices as a manifestation of the North-South asymmetry

Desynchronization events in solar indices as a manifestation of the North-South asymmetry | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Desynchronization events in solar indices as a manifestation of the North-South asymmetry Mikhail Shnirman, Elena Blanter This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-5115366/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 20 Feb, 2025 Read the published version in Solar Physics → Version 1 posted 7 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract We suggest the Kuramoto chain model with four coupled oscillators as a way to describe the phase evolution and departures from synchronization of solar indices at low and high latitudes in the northern and southern hemispheres. Our model simulates basic properties of the phase differences between the near-equatorial sunspot areas and the polar faculae series provided by the Pulkovo and Mount Wilson (MWO) observatories. Temporal variations of the meridional circulation are represented through slow regular oscillations of natural frequencies. We consider the Gleissberg range (GR) oscillations to have the North-South asymmetry and the 22-yr oscillation to be symmetrical. The overall synchronization of polar and equatorial solar indices is confirmed. We use it to reconstruct model parameters from the phase difference of solar indices. The synchronization allows to reduce the space of model parameters to a 2D plane, where the eventual departures from the synchronization cut out a narrow zone of accurate estimates. We discuss revealed relations between the low-frequency variations of the solar meridional circulation, the North-South asymmetry and the desynchronization events. Solar cycle Meridional circulation North-South asymmetry Kuramoto model Synchronization Polar faculae Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 20 Feb, 2025 Read the published version in Solar Physics → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 21 Oct, 2024 Reviews received at journal 20 Oct, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 24 Sep, 2024 Reviewers invited by journal 22 Sep, 2024 Editor assigned by journal 19 Sep, 2024 Submission checks completed at journal 19 Sep, 2024 First submitted to journal 19 Sep, 2024 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-5115366","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":368761180,"identity":"806943bd-6db9-40b0-ab0f-d8a14cc1b2c8","order_by":0,"name":"Mikhail Shnirman","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Institute of Earthquake Prediction Theory and Mathematical Geophysics","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Mikhail","middleName":"","lastName":"Shnirman","suffix":""},{"id":368761184,"identity":"d8398f93-ca11-4023-a10f-5e3a9d2c825a","order_by":1,"name":"Elena Blanter","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA3ElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYDACCeYGMM0vAeHKEKGFEaglgYFBcgYDiCXBQ7wWgxtgLQyEtfDPbmz8XPjDJt/4dvPxRzdqLHgY2A8f3YDXkjsHm6VnJKRZbrtzLLE55xjQYTxpaTfwWnMjsUGaJ+GwgdmNHMPmHDagFgkeM7xa5G8kNv/mSfhvYDwDpOUfEVoMbiS2AW05YGAgAdSS20aEFsM7B9usedKSDSRupCXOzu2T4GEj5Be5282Hb/PY2Bnwz0g+8DnnW50cP/vhY/i9jwHYSFM+CkbBKBgFowAbAAADNkbj45sRCgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"Institute of Earthquake Prediction Theory and Mathematical Geophysics","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Elena","middleName":"","lastName":"Blanter","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-09-19 08:45:06","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5115366/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5115366/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-024-02419-3","type":"published","date":"2025-02-20T15:57:26+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":77052750,"identity":"f5266149-2650-4051-af90-b099317b6359","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-02-24 16:24:25","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1624391,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"extreme.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5115366/v1_covered_8b1a4d56-4084-4a8e-9886-de978fa99899.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Desynchronization events in solar indices as a manifestation of the North-South asymmetry","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"solar-physics","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"sola","sideBox":"Learn more about [Solar Physics](http://link.springer.com/journal/11207)","snPcode":"11207","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/11207/3","title":"Solar Physics","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"Solar cycle, Meridional circulation, North-South asymmetry, Kuramoto model, Synchronization, Polar faculae","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5115366/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5115366/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":" We suggest the Kuramoto chain model with four coupled oscillators as a way to describe the phase evolution and departures from synchronization of solar indices at low and high latitudes in the northern and southern hemispheres. 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