Endometrioma of the rectus abdominis

Endometriosis is determined if the endometrial tissue is located outside the uterine cavity. Endometrial tissue can be localized in the peritoneum, vagina, scar tissue, cervix, fallopian tubes, rectum, urinary tract, Douglas space and any abdominal organ. Endometriosis of the anterior abdominal wall is usually preceded by the presence of a surgical scar, more often after a caesarean section. According to the literature, the prevalence of endometriosis is 8 — 15 %. Extragenital localization of the endometrium, namely endometriosis of the anterior abdominal wall, is a rare pathology. In literature, 21 cases were described of isolated endometriosis of the rectus abdominal muscles after the first description in 1984 by M. Amato and R. Levitt. Most of them are associated with surgical interventions, which are accompanied by the opening of the uterine cavity. A clinical case of an endometrioma localized in the rectus abdominal muscle is described in a woman aged 33 years after a cesarean section. The features of diagnostics and tactics of surgical treatment of patients with extragenital endometriosis are highlighted.