Interdecadal dynamics in the chemodiversity of soil dissolved organic matter after the conversion of forest to citrus orchard

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Dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays a critical role in soil biogeochemical processes and affects the responses of soil organic matter (SOM) to agricultural practices. However, the effect of converting forests to intensive orchards on the chemodiversity of soil DOM remains poorly understood. In this study, we systematically investigated molecular-scale transformations in soil DOM resulting from the conversion of Chinese fir ( Cunninghamia lanceolata [Lamb.] Hook) plantations to citrus orchards of varying ages (10, 30, and 50 years) using an integrative approach combining UV–Vis spectroscopy, EEM–PARAFAC, and FT-ICR MS. Long-term citrus cultivation promoted the stabilization of DOM, which was associated with increased aromaticity (SUVA 524 , SUVA 280 ), oxidation (O/C wa : 0.440 to 0.566), and molecular weight (m/z wa : 395.977 to 413.460), alongside decreased aliphaticity (H/C wa : 1.368 to 1.023). In 50-year orchards, recalcitrant compounds dominated the DOM pool (87.7% vs. an initial 77.9%), and the abundance of combustion-derived polycyclic aromatics (+1,292%) and lignin derivatives (from 2,204 to 4,485 molecules) increased. In contrast, microbial-derived components (e.g., proteins and carbohydrates) declined substantially with prolonged cultivation. Soil acidification (pH 5.42 to 4.08) and organic fertilization jointly enhanced the formation of aromatic-condensed DOM structures, with the 30-year stage marking a critical transition in humification processes. These findings underscore the role of agricultural intensification in shaping soil carbon persistence and provide molecular-level insights to inform carbon sequestration strategies in managed ecosystems.
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Interdecadal dynamics in the chemodiversity of soil dissolved organic matter after the conversion of forest to citrus orchard | Authorea try { document.documentElement.classList.add('js'); } catch (e) { } var _gaq = _gaq || []; _gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'G-8VDV14Y67G']); _gaq.push(['_trackPageview']); (function() { var ga = document.createElement('script'); ga.type = 'text/javascript'; ga.async = true; ga.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://ssl' : 'http://www') + '.google-analytics.com/ga.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s); })(); Skip to main content Preprints Collections Wiley Open Research IET Open Research Ecological Society of Japan All Collections About About Authorea FAQs Contact Us Quick Search anywhere Search for preprint articles, keywords, etc. Search Search ADVANCED SEARCH SCROLL Land Degradation & Development This is a preprint and has not been peer reviewed. Data may be preliminary. 10 July 2025 V1 Latest version Share on Interdecadal dynamics in the chemodiversity of soil dissolved organic matter after the conversion of forest to citrus orchard Authors : Junquan Chen , Yanqi Guo , Xinyue Ma , Limin Lan , Guanjie Jiang , Peng Long , Zheng Taihui [email protected] , and Qin Zhang 0000-0002-9245-4928 Authors Info & Affiliations https://doi.org/10.22541/au.175213673.38813377/v1 378 views 190 downloads Contents Abstract Supplementary Material Information & Authors Metrics & Citations View Options References Figures Tables Media Share Abstract Dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays a critical role in soil biogeochemical processes and affects the responses of soil organic matter (SOM) to agricultural practices. However, the effect of converting forests to intensive orchards on the chemodiversity of soil DOM remains poorly understood. In this study, we systematically investigated molecular-scale transformations in soil DOM resulting from the conversion of Chinese fir ( Cunninghamia lanceolata [Lamb.] Hook) plantations to citrus orchards of varying ages (10, 30, and 50 years) using an integrative approach combining UV–Vis spectroscopy, EEM–PARAFAC, and FT-ICR MS. Long-term citrus cultivation promoted the stabilization of DOM, which was associated with increased aromaticity (SUVA 524 , SUVA 280 ), oxidation (O/C wa : 0.440 to 0.566), and molecular weight (m/z wa : 395.977 to 413.460), alongside decreased aliphaticity (H/C wa : 1.368 to 1.023). In 50-year orchards, recalcitrant compounds dominated the DOM pool (87.7% vs. an initial 77.9%), and the abundance of combustion-derived polycyclic aromatics (+1,292%) and lignin derivatives (from 2,204 to 4,485 molecules) increased. In contrast, microbial-derived components (e.g., proteins and carbohydrates) declined substantially with prolonged cultivation. Soil acidification (pH 5.42 to 4.08) and organic fertilization jointly enhanced the formation of aromatic-condensed DOM structures, with the 30-year stage marking a critical transition in humification processes. These findings underscore the role of agricultural intensification in shaping soil carbon persistence and provide molecular-level insights to inform carbon sequestration strategies in managed ecosystems. Supplementary Material File (manuscript.doc) Download 15.37 MB Information & Authors Information Version history V1 Version 1 10 July 2025 Copyright This work is licensed under a Non Exclusive No Reuse License. Collection Land Degradation & Development Keywords chinese fir plantations dissolved organic matter dom chemodiversity land-use change soil carbon persistence Authors Affiliations Junquan Chen Jiangxi Agricultural University View all articles by this author Yanqi Guo Jiangxi Agricultural University View all articles by this author Xinyue Ma Jiangxi Agricultural University View all articles by this author Limin Lan Jiangxi Agricultural University View all articles by this author Guanjie Jiang Jiangxi Agricultural University View all articles by this author Peng Long Jiangxi Academy of Water Science and Engineering View all articles by this author Zheng Taihui [email protected] Jiangxi Agricultural University View all articles by this author Qin Zhang 0000-0002-9245-4928 Jiangxi Agricultural University View all articles by this author Metrics & Citations Metrics Article Usage 378 views 190 downloads .FvxKWukQNSOunydq8rnd { width: 100px; } Citations Download citation Junquan Chen, Yanqi Guo, Xinyue Ma, et al. Interdecadal dynamics in the chemodiversity of soil dissolved organic matter after the conversion of forest to citrus orchard. Authorea . 10 July 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22541/au.175213673.38813377/v1 If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download. For more information or tips please see 'Downloading to a citation manager' in the Help menu . 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