Evapotranspiration Dynamics in the Ribb Watershed Upper Blue Nile, Ethiopia.

Evapotranspiration Dynamics in the Ribb Watershed Upper Blue Nile, Ethiopia. | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Evapotranspiration Dynamics in the Ribb Watershed Upper Blue Nile, Ethiopia. Gebrehiwot Getu Kassie, Simir B. Atanaw, Berhanu G. Sinshaw, Gebiaw T. Ayele, and 2 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-5423414/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Assessment of the spatiotemporal distribution of evapotranspiration is crucial for efficient water resource management, especially in irrigation-dependent regions. This study evaluated actual evapotranspiration (AET) in the Ribb watershed, Ethiopia, via the surface energy balance algorithm for land (SEBAL) with remote sensing and climate data. The analysis focuses on the temporal (daily, monthly, and seasonal) and spatial variability of AET under different land uses. The daily AET values ranged from 0 to 10.99 mm/day, with mean values between 1.97 and 5.15 mm/day. The highest AET (5.15 mm/day) occurred during the middle growth stage of irrigated crops in January, whereas the lowest values (1.94 mm/day) were observed during the initial and end growth stages in December and February. The forest areas and water bodies presented high daily and seasonal AET values, whereas the agricultural fields and bare lands, which were mostly dry during the study period, presented lower ET values. Validation against ground-based pan-ET measurements and the Penman-Monteith (PM) method revealed strong correlations (R² values of 0.86 and 0.81, respectively). A comparison with MOD16-ET products revealed lower correlations, particularly for agricultural and forestland use (R² values of 0.33 and 0.4, respectively). This study demonstrates that integrating the SEBAL model with remote sensing data provides a reliable method for estimating the spatiotemporal distribution of AET in various watersheds. This information is vital for optimizing water use, irrigation planning, and sustainable water resource management. Evapotranspiration PM Pan-ET Ribb watershed Remote Sensing SEBAL model Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-5423414","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":384295551,"identity":"db0f49ed-33bb-44c6-8f08-de52272e1ac4","order_by":0,"name":"Gebrehiwot Getu Kassie","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Department of Hydraulic and Water Resources Engineering, Institute of Technology, University of Gondar","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Gebrehiwot","middleName":"Getu","lastName":"Kassie","suffix":""},{"id":384295552,"identity":"0ff3a5f6-16ff-4abd-8028-13968eb15eae","order_by":1,"name":"Simir B. 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This study evaluated actual evapotranspiration (AET) in the Ribb watershed, Ethiopia, via the surface energy balance algorithm for land (SEBAL) with remote sensing and climate data. The analysis focuses on the temporal (daily, monthly, and seasonal) and spatial variability of AET under different land uses. The daily AET values ranged from 0 to 10.99 mm/day, with mean values between 1.97 and 5.15 mm/day. The highest AET (5.15 mm/day) occurred during the middle growth stage of irrigated crops in January, whereas the lowest values (1.94 mm/day) were observed during the initial and end growth stages in December and February. The forest areas and water bodies presented high daily and seasonal AET values, whereas the agricultural fields and bare lands, which were mostly dry during the study period, presented lower ET values. Validation against ground-based pan-ET measurements and the Penman-Monteith (PM) method revealed strong correlations (R\u0026sup2; values of 0.86 and 0.81, respectively). A comparison with MOD16-ET products revealed lower correlations, particularly for agricultural and forestland use (R\u0026sup2; values of 0.33 and 0.4, respectively). This study demonstrates that integrating the SEBAL model with remote sensing data provides a reliable method for estimating the spatiotemporal distribution of AET in various watersheds. This information is vital for optimizing water use, irrigation planning, and sustainable water resource management.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Evapotranspiration Dynamics in the Ribb Watershed Upper Blue Nile, Ethiopia.","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2024-12-12 20:20:50","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5423414/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"823c4b69-9f46-4295-9f13-47c4667835af","owner":[],"postedDate":"December 12th, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-07-27T16:08:34+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2024-12-12 20:20:50","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-5423414","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-5423414","identity":"rs-5423414","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"qtupq5eGEP_6zYnWcrvyt","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}