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by gemini-2.5-flash-lite, 2026-06-10
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This study evaluated endometriosis symptoms in adolescents, assessed serum cytokines and HE4 as diagnostic markers, and found surgery provided long-term pain relief, particularly for deep infiltrating endometriosis.
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by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-10
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This study evaluated (1) the prevalence of symptoms suggestive of endometriosis among adolescent girls and (2) the diagnostic value of 29 serum cytokines and serum HE4, alongside (3) the long-term effects of surgery on pain, using two prospective cohorts (the ENDOMET study with 137 endometriosis patients and 62 healthy women, and the TEENMAPS questionnaire study with 1103 girls aged 15–19). It found that dysmenorrhea was common, about 5–10% of adolescents had symptoms suggestive of endometriosis, and while five cytokines differed between endometriosis patients and controls, they did not improve diagnostic accuracy beyond CA-125; HE4 was not increased in endometriosis but could differentiate ovarian endometriotic cysts from ovarian cancer. Surgery produced significant long-term pain alleviation over 5-year follow-up, with the greatest benefit in women with deep infiltrating endometriosis. This paper is centrally about endometriosis—specifically adolescent symptom prevalence, biomarker/cytokine diagnostic testing, and 5-year post-surgical pain outcomes.
Abstract
Endometriosis is a common chronic disease, affecting women of reproductive age. Typical symptoms include severe menstrual pain, other pelvic pain symptoms as well as infertility. Adolescent onset of symptoms is common, and the delay between the onset of symptoms and the diagnosis is typically several years. Presently, the diagnosis can be confirmed only by laparoscopy. The symptoms can be alleviated with hormonal medications or surgery, but there is no curable treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of symptoms suggestive of endometriosis among adolescent girls. Furthermore, the value of a panel of 29 serum cytokines in the diagnosis of endometriosis, the usefulness of serum HE4 (Human Epididymis Secretory Protein 4), a novel biomarker for ovarian cancer, in discriminating ovarian endometriotic cysts from ovarian cancer, as well as the longterm effects of surgery on pain were assessed. These studies were based on two prospective cohorts: The ENDOMET study, including 137 endometriosis patients scheduled for surgery and 62 healthy women, and the TEENMAPS questionnaire study that included 1103 adolescent girls aged 15–19 years. The study showed that dysmenorrhea was prevalent among teenagers, while other pain symptoms were less common. Importantly, approximately 5–10% of adolescent girls had symptoms suggestive of endometriosis. Among the potential diagnostic markers, the serum concentrations of five cytokines were significantly different between endometriosis patients and healthy controls, but these markers did no significantly improve the diagnostic accuracy of that obtained with the biomarker CA-125 alone. Interestingly, serum levels of HE4 were not increased in endometriosis, and thus, this biomarker is useful in differentiating ovarian endometriosis from ovarian cancer. Surgery was found to result in significant longterm alleviation of pain during 5-year follow-up, and women with deep infiltrating endometriosis benefitted the most.
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Modern methods of evaluating endometriosis
Pysyvä osoite
Verkkojulkaisu
DOI
Tiivistelmä
Endometriosis is a common chronic disease, affecting women of reproductive
age. Typical symptoms include severe menstrual pain, other pelvic pain symptoms
as well as infertility. Adolescent onset of symptoms is common, and the
delay between the onset of symptoms and the diagnosis is typically several years.
Presently, the diagnosis can be confirmed only by laparoscopy. The symptoms
can be alleviated with hormonal medications or surgery, but there is no curable
treatment.
This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of symptoms suggestive of endometriosis
among adolescent girls. Furthermore, the value of a panel of 29 serum cytokines
in the diagnosis of endometriosis, the usefulness of serum HE4 (Human
Epididymis Secretory Protein 4), a novel biomarker for ovarian cancer, in discriminating
ovarian endometriotic cysts from ovarian cancer, as well as the longterm
effects of surgery on pain were assessed. These studies were based on two
prospective cohorts: The ENDOMET study, including 137 endometriosis patients
scheduled for surgery and 62 healthy women, and the TEENMAPS questionnaire
study that included 1103 adolescent girls aged 15–19 years.
The study showed that dysmenorrhea was prevalent among teenagers, while other
pain symptoms were less common. Importantly, approximately 5–10% of adolescent
girls had symptoms suggestive of endometriosis. Among the potential
diagnostic markers, the serum concentrations of five cytokines were significantly
different between endometriosis patients and healthy controls, but these markers
did no significantly improve the diagnostic accuracy of that obtained with the
biomarker CA-125 alone. Interestingly, serum levels of HE4 were not increased
in endometriosis, and thus, this biomarker is useful in differentiating ovarian endometriosis
from ovarian cancer. Surgery was found to result in significant longterm
alleviation of pain during 5-year follow-up, and women with deep infiltrating
endometriosis benefitted the most.
Endometrioosi on yleinen krooninen hedelmällisessä iässä olevien naisten sairaus,
joka aiheuttaa voimakkaita kuukautis- ja lantiokipuja sekä lapsettomuutta.
Oireet alkavat usein jo teini-iässä, mutta viive oireiden alusta diagnoosiin on tyypillisesti
useita vuosia. Tällä hetkellä diagnoosi voidaan varmistaa vain laparoskopialla.
Oireita hoidetaan hormonilääkkein ja/tai leikkauksella, mutta parantavaa
hoitoa ei ole.
Tutkimuksessa selvitettiin endometrioosiin viittaavien kipuoireiden esiintyvyyttä
teini-ikäisillä. Lisäksi arvioitiin 29 seerumin sytokiinin hyödyllisyyttä endometrioosin
diagnostiikassa, uuden munasarjansyövän merkkiaineen HE4:n (Human
Epididymis Secretory Protein 4) käyttökelpoisuutta munasarjan endometrioosikystojen
ja munasarjasyövän erotusdiagnostiikassa sekä leikkaushoidon
pitkäaikaisvaikutusta kipuun. Tutkimus koostui kahdesta prospektiivisesta aineistosta:
ENDOMET-tutkimukseen rekrytoitiin 137 endometrioosileikkauspotilasta
sekä 62 tervettä naista ja TEENMAPS-kyselytutkimukseen osallistui 1103 15–
19-vuotiasta tyttöä.
Tutkimuksen mukaan kuukautiskipu oli yleinen oire teini-ikäisillä, mutta muita
endometrioosiin viittaavia kipuja esiintyi harvemmin. Noin 5–10%:lla teiniikäisistä
tytöistä oli endometrioosiin viittaavia oireita. Tutkituista merkkiaineista
viiden seerumin sytokiinin pitoisuus erosi merkitsevästi endometrioosipotilailla
verrattuna terveisiin naisiin, mutta sytokiinit eivät lisänneet diagnostiikan tarkkuutta
verrattuna pelkän CA-125-merkkiaineen käyttöön. Merkittävä löydös oli,
että endometrioosi ei nostanut HE4-pitoisuutta ja merkkiainetta voidaan käyttää
munasarjasyövän ja endometrioosikystojen erotusdiagnostiikassa. Endometrioosin
leikkaushoito lievitti merkittävästi kipuja viiden vuoden seurannassa ja erityisesti
syvää endometrioosia sairastavat naiset hyötyivät toimenpiteestä.
Sarja
Turun yliopiston julkaisuja. Sarja D, Medica - Odontologica|1362
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