Lateral Sinus Flour Augmentation by Deproteinized Bovine Bone Material in Severe Alveolar Bone Atrophy: Micro Ct Study

Purpose: To investigate differences in trabecular architecture revealed after lateral sinus floor augmentation (LSFA) by a two-stage approach using deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBB) alone, based on micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Methods Twenty patients (10 men and 10 women) were included in the study and divided into two groups: 1) the main group – 10 patients who needed LSFA to create the appropriate bone volume for installation of the implant with residual bone height (RBH) less than 3 mm; 2) the control group – 10 patients with RBH more than 10 mm and no necessity for bone augmentation procedures. During implant placement, bone biopsies were harvested from implant osteotomy sites for micro-CT. Results No significant differences in the 3-D morphometric parameters of all bone structures in the region of interest (ROI) were observed in the biopsies of the augmented bone. Conclusion The slight differences in trabecular architecture revealed in the present study demonstrated higher porosity, bone volume to surface ratio, anisotropy rate and decreased trabecular pattern factor in the control group as a result of a continuous functional remodeling process. Therefore, maxillary sinus floor elevation with DBB alone is a strategy thas provides an appropriate 3-D architecture of the newly formed bone tissue and adequate primary stability of the dental implants.