Two phytohormones synergistically induce parasitic weeds seed germination via KAI2d receptors

Root parasitic plants can severely decrease global crop production. The germination of their seeds is induced by host root-derived strigolactones (SLs). Considering this unique germination system, a “suicidal germination” method has been proposed to control root parasitic plants. However, this method requires the cost-effective production of germination inducers. In this study, we determined that jasmonates and SLs can synergistically induce the seed germination of root parasitic plants ( Orobanche minor and Striga hermonthica ). Biochemical analyses indicated that jasmonates and SLs cooperatively activate multiple divergent KARRIKIN INSENSITIVE 2 receptors. Our findings have elucidated the host recognition systems associated with these highly duplicated promiscuous receptors, with potential implications for developing a new strategy to protect crops against root parasitic plants.