Specific root lengths and root diameters as an indicator of nutrient uptake efficiency in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)

Specific root lengths and root diameters as an indicator of nutrient uptake efficiency in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Specific root lengths and root diameters as an indicator of nutrient uptake efficiency in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Olivier Sènankpon DASSOU, Hervé N. S. Aholoukpè, Albert Flori, and 7 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8039029/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Background and aims: This study aimed to characterize the functional root traits of 4-contrasting oil palm progenies grown under different fertilization regimes, and identify the most relevant root traits associated with nutrient uptake efficiency. Methods Four 8-year-old oil palm progenies differing in potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg) uptake efficiencies were studied in a split-plot trial in Nigeria. Fertilization treatments combined three K-levels (0, 1.5, 3.0 kg KCl palm⁻¹ year⁻¹; 60% K₂O) with three Mg-levels (0, 0.75, 1.5 kg Kieserite palm⁻¹ year⁻¹; 27% MgO). Root biomass, diameter (D), length, surface, volume, and specific root length (SRL) were measured. Results Total root biomass did not differ significantly among progenies (mean = 5.23 ± 0.37 Mg ha⁻¹), but lateral and vertical root distributions revealed distinct rooting strategies within progenies for optimal mineral uptake. Effects of fertilizers applied radially close to the palm trees were observed mainly in the topsoil (0–20 cm) at 1.5-3.5m from the application zone, where root traits differed significantly among progenies. The most productive progeny, with the highest K and Mg contents, exhibited finer roots with higher-SRL and smaller-D, making it the most efficient material for mineral uptake. Conclusion Differences in root morphology and spatial distribution among oil palm progenies reflect specific adaptation strategies influencing nutrient acquisition. Identifying traits such as higher-SRL and finer root diameter can guide breeders for quick selection of progenies with efficient nutrient uptake and higher yield potential. This study presents a practical framework for enhancing oil palm productivity through root trait-based breeding under field conditions. Oil palm root biomass root traits mineral uptake efficiency potassium magnesium Full Text Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8039029","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":552325643,"identity":"feb1a6d1-5018-48fa-afdc-81d71c102516","order_by":0,"name":"Olivier Sènankpon DASSOU","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA8UlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYJACCRDBxwwiK4CYmbmBOC1sYC1nQFoYidUCIhjbwCR+LbrtZw/e+PGHQY6NncfwceW82mj+dqCWHxXbcGoxO5OXbNnbxmDMxsxjbHh22/HcGYcZGxh7ztzGreVAjpkEbwNDYhszW5pk47ZjuQ1ALcyMbXi0nH9jJvnnD1hL+s/GOcdy5xPUciPHTJqHDaSF+RhjY0NN7gbCWt4YW8u2SQD9wnxYsuHYgdyNQC0H8frlfI7hzTd/bOT4+Q82fmyoqcudd/7wwQc/KnBrgQIJGOMwmDxASD0yqCNF8SgYBaNgFIwQAAAzCVTNiKQV0wAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3293-5188","institution":"Institut National des Recherches Agricoles du Benin","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Olivier","middleName":"Sènankpon","lastName":"DASSOU","suffix":""},{"id":552325644,"identity":"cf60b2f9-e8d1-4a5c-b16f-7627bad30aa1","order_by":1,"name":"Hervé N. 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Jacq.)","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Oil palm, root biomass, root traits, mineral uptake efficiency, potassium, magnesium","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8039029/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8039029/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground and aims:\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis study aimed to characterize the functional root traits of 4-contrasting oil palm progenies grown under different fertilization regimes, and identify the most relevant root traits associated with nutrient uptake efficiency.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eMethods\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eFour 8-year-old oil palm progenies differing in potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg) uptake efficiencies were studied in a split-plot trial in Nigeria. Fertilization treatments combined three K-levels (0, 1.5, 3.0 kg KCl palm⁻\u0026sup1; year⁻\u0026sup1;; 60% K₂O) with three Mg-levels (0, 0.75, 1.5 kg Kieserite palm⁻\u0026sup1; year⁻\u0026sup1;; 27% MgO). Root biomass, diameter (D), length, surface, volume, and specific root length (SRL) were measured.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResults\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eTotal root biomass did not differ significantly among progenies (mean\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;5.23\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.37 Mg ha⁻\u0026sup1;), but lateral and vertical root distributions revealed distinct rooting strategies within progenies for optimal mineral uptake. Effects of fertilizers applied radially close to the palm trees were observed mainly in the topsoil (0\u0026ndash;20 cm) at 1.5-3.5m from the application zone, where root traits differed significantly among progenies. The most productive progeny, with the highest K and Mg contents, exhibited finer roots with higher-SRL and smaller-D, making it the most efficient material for mineral uptake.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eConclusion\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eDifferences in root morphology and spatial distribution among oil palm progenies reflect specific adaptation strategies influencing nutrient acquisition. Identifying traits such as higher-SRL and finer root diameter can guide breeders for quick selection of progenies with efficient nutrient uptake and higher yield potential. This study presents a practical framework for enhancing oil palm productivity through root trait-based breeding under field conditions.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Specific root lengths and root diameters as an indicator of nutrient uptake efficiency in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-12-01 22:40:48","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8039029/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"58e02d66-96f5-4631-a471-b917e8901bff","owner":[],"postedDate":"December 1st, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-02-09T12:21:15+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-12-01 22:40:48","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-8039029","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-8039029","identity":"rs-8039029","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}