Uncertainty analysis of piezoelectric nonlinear energy sink for energy harvesting of an aeroelastic system in flutter condition

Uncertainty analysis of piezoelectric nonlinear energy sink for energy harvesting of an aeroelastic system in flutter condition | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Uncertainty analysis of piezoelectric nonlinear energy sink for energy harvesting of an aeroelastic system in flutter condition ana carolina godoy amaral, Marcos Silveira, Fabrício César Lobato de Almeida This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8330411/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract A nonlinear energy sink (NES) is a nonlinear absorber, typically implemented as a secondary mechanical system designed as a passive absorber. As defined herein, the Piezoelctric Nonlinear Energy Sink (PNES) is an NES that integrates a piezoelectric component, thereby enabling it to also function as an energy harvester capable of converting mechanical vibrational into electrical energy, useful for powering autonomous systems. This paper investigates the robustness of a PNES integrated into an aeroelastic typical section, comparing its performance to a linear harvester. The primary objective is to assess the robustness of the PNES via uncertainty analysis. A low-order model is employed, validated against Computational Fluids Dynamics (CFD) simulations. A comprehensive uncertainty analysis is conducted to assess the impact of parametric variability on the harvested electrical power. The results indicates the superior robustness of the PNES-equipped system, particularly at higher levels of input uncertainty, where it exhibited lower output coefficient of variation compared to the linear system. The electromechanical coupling and plunge stiffness were identified as the most influential parameters on power output. Furthermore, the statistical distribution of the power harvested by the PNES was found to be highly asymmetrical, characterized by a small number of high-power events. In conclusion, this work demonstrates that the inclusion of a PNES facilitates energy harvesting from flutter, and also enhances the system's robustness against parametric uncertainty. piezoelectric nonlinear energy sink energy harvesting flutter uncertainty analysis Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8330411","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":559482894,"identity":"f23956bd-e1ef-4ba4-9b20-36fd9bcbf6e7","order_by":0,"name":"ana carolina godoy amaral","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA6ElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYDADPmYg8QHCZiNOCxtQC+MM0rQAMTMPMVr4Zzc/YPhRc0+OjZ334Gfbtjty8rMb2B5X4NEiceeYAWPPsWJjNma+ZOnctmfGBncOsBuewWfNjQQDZga2hMQ2Zh4DoJbDiRskEtgkG/DokL+R/oGZ4R9Yi/Fvy7bD9fNnENBicCPHgJmxDazFTJqx7XAC0F78Wgxv5BQc7O1LAPqFx8yy59xhww13DrYb4tMidyN944Mf3xLk+PnPGN/4UXZYXn5287GH+LSAwAFUrgQjIQ0YQIJUDaNgFIyCUTDcAQC3gEcxZ3Q9XwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"São Paulo State University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"ana","middleName":"carolina godoy","lastName":"amaral","suffix":""},{"id":559482896,"identity":"91dbdf2f-3e2f-4a8b-bb39-d8c49501d657","order_by":1,"name":"Marcos Silveira","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"São Paulo State University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Marcos","middleName":"","lastName":"Silveira","suffix":""},{"id":559482897,"identity":"42e1b24f-675a-4d3c-98fc-20718a674804","order_by":2,"name":"Fabrício César Lobato de Almeida","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"São Paulo State University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Fabrício","middleName":"César Lobato","lastName":"de Almeida","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-12-10 19:23:17","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8330411/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8330411/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":100951380,"identity":"b3d20c88-d9fc-48fe-b334-2458edd845bc","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-01-23 07:10:33","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":841681,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"articleanaamaral.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8330411/v1_covered_86ac33ab-f525-419b-a215-c2d5ad8eb7aa.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Uncertainty analysis of piezoelectric nonlinear energy sink for energy harvesting of an aeroelastic system in flutter condition","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"piezoelectric nonlinear energy sink, energy harvesting, flutter, uncertainty analysis","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8330411/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8330411/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"A nonlinear energy sink (NES) is a nonlinear absorber, typically implemented as a secondary mechanical system designed as a passive absorber. As defined herein, the Piezoelctric Nonlinear Energy Sink (PNES) is an NES that integrates a piezoelectric component, thereby enabling it to also function as an energy harvester capable of converting mechanical vibrational into electrical energy, useful for powering autonomous systems. This paper investigates the robustness of a PNES integrated into an aeroelastic typical section, comparing its performance to a linear harvester. The primary objective is to assess the robustness of the PNES via uncertainty analysis. A low-order model is employed, validated against Computational Fluids Dynamics (CFD) simulations. A comprehensive uncertainty analysis is conducted to assess the impact of parametric variability on the harvested electrical power. The results indicates the superior robustness of the PNES-equipped system, particularly at higher levels of input uncertainty, where it exhibited lower output coefficient of variation compared to the linear system. The electromechanical coupling and plunge stiffness were identified as the most influential parameters on power output. Furthermore, the statistical distribution of the power harvested by the PNES was found to be highly asymmetrical, characterized by a small number of high-power events. 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