Direct observation of an 80 K colossal barocaloric temperature change in one cycle of pressure application and release

Direct observation of an 80 K colossal barocaloric temperature change in one cycle of pressure application and release | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Direct observation of an 80 K colossal barocaloric temperature change in one cycle of pressure application and release Shin-ichi Ohkoshi, Kazuo Isogai, Koki Nishioka, Kenta Imoto, Yuuki Mineo, and 13 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7915631/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Solid refrigerants are one of the candidate materials for future cooling technologies aimed at suppressing global warming. Among them, barocaloric solid refrigerants are drawing attention owing to their high caloric performance. Herein, we report a colossal barocaloric effect in the rubidium cyano-bridged zinc–manganese–iron material, RbZn 0.08 Mn 0.92 [Fe(CN) 6 ] ( cyano-RbZnMnFe ). Direct measurements using a thermocouple revealed a temperature increase (∆ T obs,increase ) of +46 K upon pressure application and a temperature decrease (∆ T obs,decrease ) of −34 K by pressure release. The total temperature change in one cycle (∆ T obs,cycle ) was 80 K, a notably large value. Such high ∆ T obs,increase and ∆ T obs,cycle values have not yet been reported for any caloric effect. Additionally, the barocaloric effect was highly repeatable without degradation. The reversible refrigerant capacity reached an unprecedented 26600 J kg −1 at 560 MPa, and the reversible adiabatic temperature change in one cycle (∆ T ad,rev,cycle ) was estimated to be 134 K. This large temperature change in one cycle could inspire new applications, such as splitting liquid water into steam vapour and solid ice in one cycle of pressure application and release. These findings highlight the advantages of barocaloric solid state materials and open avenues for new cooling technologies. Physical sciences/Chemistry/Energy Physical sciences/Chemistry/Inorganic chemistry Physical sciences/Chemistry/Physical chemistry/Thermodynamics Physical sciences/Materials science/Materials for energy and catalysis Full Text Additional Declarations There is NO Competing Interest. Supplementary Files CCDC2479974HT.cif Crystallographic data for HT phase CCDC2479975LT.cif Crystallographic data for LT phase SupplementaryMovie1.mp4 Supplementary Movie 1 SupplementaryMovie2.mp4 Supplementary Movie 2 SupplementaryInformationOhkoshi.pdf Supplementary Information Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7915631","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":534355440,"identity":"e5a5de27-a659-4071-b6da-83ed91ebb6af","order_by":0,"name":"Shin-ichi Ohkoshi","email":"data:image/png;base64,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","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9359-5928","institution":"The University of Tokyo","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Shin-ichi","middleName":"","lastName":"Ohkoshi","suffix":""},{"id":534355441,"identity":"ee328ad2-fdf4-463a-a5b4-7bc723af7de6","order_by":1,"name":"Kazuo Isogai","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Aisin Corporation","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Kazuo","middleName":"","lastName":"Isogai","suffix":""},{"id":534355442,"identity":"e4813f49-0a08-4901-bd80-5605a334aae2","order_by":2,"name":"Koki Nishioka","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Aisin Corporation","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Koki","middleName":"","lastName":"Nishioka","suffix":""},{"id":534355443,"identity":"bcffd4ee-aa70-4e89-b97e-099206f01ff8","order_by":3,"name":"Kenta Imoto","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6764-2484","institution":"The University of Tokyo","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Kenta","middleName":"","lastName":"Imoto","suffix":""},{"id":534355444,"identity":"6ff39dbb-c293-4dd3-9f31-7dac24466360","order_by":4,"name":"Yuuki Mineo","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"The University of Tokyo","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yuuki","middleName":"","lastName":"Mineo","suffix":""},{"id":534355445,"identity":"6120a256-b6fd-4116-947e-1b28fa83c6ed","order_by":5,"name":"Marie Yoshikiyo","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4929-5658","institution":"The University of Tokyo","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Marie","middleName":"","lastName":"Yoshikiyo","suffix":""},{"id":534355446,"identity":"4f65f07d-ea1c-41eb-ae4a-d76066715770","order_by":6,"name":"Asuka Namai","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6200-6326","institution":"The University of Tokyo","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Asuka","middleName":"","lastName":"Namai","suffix":""},{"id":534355447,"identity":"b9297aa8-a869-476a-83bd-d462b3dcbb8d","order_by":7,"name":"Olaf Stefanczyk","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0955-5646","institution":"The University of Tokyo","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Olaf","middleName":"","lastName":"Stefanczyk","suffix":""},{"id":534355448,"identity":"31c32586-926e-4bb6-aa90-b4549d0caab4","order_by":8,"name":"Hiroko Tokoro","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3431-0643","institution":"University of Tsukuba","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Hiroko","middleName":"","lastName":"Tokoro","suffix":""},{"id":534355449,"identity":"0c85c5bd-5a4a-4acd-bca8-ad8899244a42","order_by":9,"name":"Eric Collet","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0810-7411","institution":"Univ Rennes","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Eric","middleName":"","lastName":"Collet","suffix":""},{"id":534355450,"identity":"73d1cbfc-8814-4ec5-ad2d-37df61644cd1","order_by":10,"name":"Ricardo Ramirez","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Rennes","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ricardo","middleName":"","lastName":"Ramirez","suffix":""},{"id":534355451,"identity":"98dbb950-1bd2-4764-8a42-127a71037d39","order_by":11,"name":"Elzbieta Trzop","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Institut de Physique de Rennes, Universite de Rennes","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Elzbieta","middleName":"","lastName":"Trzop","suffix":""},{"id":534355452,"identity":"8be05db0-5dc3-4cec-8081-bad85a944096","order_by":12,"name":"Marie-Hélène Lemée-Cailleau","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Institut Laue-Langevin","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Marie-Hélène","middleName":"","lastName":"Lemée-Cailleau","suffix":""},{"id":534355453,"identity":"3701de4a-ebae-4ac2-845e-ad4f81a37452","order_by":13,"name":"Thomas Hansen","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4611-2393","institution":"","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Thomas","middleName":"","lastName":"Hansen","suffix":""},{"id":534355454,"identity":"df263314-0a1c-4b11-abf9-2e6fc6a2c3af","order_by":14,"name":"Motodohi Kazuhiko","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Aisin Corporation","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Motodohi","middleName":"","lastName":"Kazuhiko","suffix":""},{"id":534355455,"identity":"a41afff0-c0d1-42b4-942a-02dd5e5a510a","order_by":15,"name":"Takashi Momiki","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Aisin Corporation","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Takashi","middleName":"","lastName":"Momiki","suffix":""},{"id":534355456,"identity":"470e218f-c6d5-48fa-a2d6-08218973d882","order_by":16,"name":"Tomoko Okimoto","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Aisin Corporation","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Tomoko","middleName":"","lastName":"Okimoto","suffix":""},{"id":534355457,"identity":"bed826fe-a0d5-4ea5-b62a-040ee89add4d","order_by":17,"name":"Ryu Hatano","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Aisin Corporation","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ryu","middleName":"","lastName":"Hatano","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-10-21 19:24:35","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":{"humanSubjects":false,"vertebrateSubjects":false,"conflictsOfInterestStatement":false,"humanSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false,"humanSubjectConsent":false,"humanSubjectClinicalTrial":false,"humanSubjectCaseReport":false,"vertebrateSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false},"doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7915631/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7915631/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":94450916,"identity":"2f1dd9f9-2208-41fa-90f4-0c31a8abb1d3","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-10-27 14:39:41","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":2824014,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"ManuscriptOhkoshi.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7915631/v1/8a454d02f7cd8d1c2f9ccfde.pdf"},{"id":94450713,"identity":"b6295cb0-c573-48ee-8905-431801d20ee6","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-10-27 14:39:33","extension":"json","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":17464,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"NCOMMS2584455.json","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7915631/v1/c2acbf0801eaa40302b35380.json"},{"id":94450124,"identity":"2006ca20-c648-4247-91e6-9875113c8c50","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-10-27 14:38:58","extension":"cif","order_by":2,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":16510,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"CCDC2479974HT.cif","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7915631/v1/3cf60a58a6329945b6d28b23.cif"},{"id":94450006,"identity":"bac1d790-3b12-460f-a3cd-b13de1d11a04","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-10-27 14:38:55","extension":"cif","order_by":3,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":16127,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"CCDC2479975LT.cif","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7915631/v1/544f463345c691c4e49d7797.cif"},{"id":94451025,"identity":"45faa2e5-42ea-43ef-b65a-598ed035217d","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-10-27 14:39:44","extension":"pdf","order_by":4,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":6475845,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"SupplementaryInformationOhkoshi.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7915631/v1/13711430a1cc9e304664825e.pdf"},{"id":96253049,"identity":"6c7740a8-1b88-417b-a0ee-54af49c14eec","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-11-19 07:41:54","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":2312958,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Article File","description":"","filename":"ManuscriptOhkoshi.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7915631/v1_covered_4b7ba8c3-c4ca-45c9-903c-7f9bc6f2397d.pdf"},{"id":94450136,"identity":"5dfc8de3-3ae7-46ad-9cd7-6a4248162741","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-10-27 14:38:59","extension":"cif","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":16510,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Crystallographic data for HT phase","description":"","filename":"CCDC2479974HT.cif","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7915631/v1/71bda8f8a39d231495d216a2.cif"},{"id":94449926,"identity":"0c67ed19-0f79-4ddc-835d-1cc3ee3155ac","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-10-27 14:38:51","extension":"cif","order_by":2,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":16127,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Crystallographic data for LT phase","description":"","filename":"CCDC2479975LT.cif","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7915631/v1/e510c2ff667f333f6f9c8cfe.cif"},{"id":94450701,"identity":"22480eee-b7f1-4d8c-9c90-d9a58ea48a68","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-10-27 14:39:32","extension":"mp4","order_by":3,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":5054661,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Supplementary Movie 1","description":"","filename":"SupplementaryMovie1.mp4","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7915631/v1/b657730c4de4717b811d37d0.mp4"},{"id":94450775,"identity":"95670ae3-1637-40c0-86bb-c650cc2a8057","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-10-27 14:39:35","extension":"mp4","order_by":4,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":5086718,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Supplementary Movie 2","description":"","filename":"SupplementaryMovie2.mp4","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7915631/v1/f40171a4ab0ed9e9b2f1c0a5.mp4"},{"id":94450128,"identity":"f5b75975-1ead-41cc-86b8-bf5c20e7c321","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-10-27 14:38:59","extension":"pdf","order_by":5,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":6475845,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Supplementary Information","description":"","filename":"SupplementaryInformationOhkoshi.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7915631/v1/5d291e244200d1ae79e2aa12.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"There is \u003cb\u003eNO\u003c/b\u003e Competing Interest.","formattedTitle":"Direct observation of an 80 K colossal barocaloric temperature change in one cycle of pressure application and release","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":true,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7915631/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7915631/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"Solid refrigerants are one of the candidate materials for future cooling technologies aimed at suppressing global warming. Among them, barocaloric solid refrigerants are drawing attention owing to their high caloric performance. Herein, we report a colossal barocaloric effect in the rubidium cyano-bridged zinc–manganese–iron material, RbZn\u003csub\u003e0.08\u003c/sub\u003eMn\u003csub\u003e0.92\u003c/sub\u003e[Fe(CN)\u003csub\u003e6\u003c/sub\u003e] (\u003cb\u003ecyano-RbZnMnFe\u003c/b\u003e). Direct measurements using a thermocouple revealed a temperature increase (∆\u003ci\u003eT\u003c/i\u003e\u003csub\u003eobs,increase\u003c/sub\u003e) of +46 K upon pressure application and a temperature decrease (∆\u003ci\u003eT\u003c/i\u003e\u003csub\u003eobs,decrease\u003c/sub\u003e) of −34 K by pressure release. The total temperature change in one cycle (∆\u003ci\u003eT\u003c/i\u003e\u003csub\u003eobs,cycle\u003c/sub\u003e) was 80 K, a notably large value. Such high ∆\u003ci\u003eT\u003c/i\u003e\u003csub\u003eobs,increase\u003c/sub\u003e and ∆\u003ci\u003eT\u003c/i\u003e\u003csub\u003eobs,cycle\u003c/sub\u003e values have not yet been reported for any caloric effect. Additionally, the barocaloric effect was highly repeatable without degradation. The reversible refrigerant capacity reached an unprecedented 26600 J kg\u003csup\u003e−1\u003c/sup\u003e at 560 MPa, and the reversible adiabatic temperature change in one cycle (∆\u003ci\u003eT\u003c/i\u003e\u003csub\u003ead,rev,cycle\u003c/sub\u003e) was estimated to be 134 K. This large temperature change in one cycle could inspire new applications, such as splitting liquid water into steam vapour and solid ice in one cycle of pressure application and release. These findings highlight the advantages of barocaloric solid state materials and open avenues for new cooling technologies.","manuscriptTitle":"Direct observation of an 80 K colossal barocaloric temperature change in one cycle of pressure application and release","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-10-27 11:30:11","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7915631/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"fdd54f39-5c54-46b0-84aa-ee4b3224f647","owner":[],"postedDate":"October 27th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[{"id":56815979,"name":"Physical sciences/Chemistry/Energy"},{"id":56815980,"name":"Physical sciences/Chemistry/Inorganic chemistry"},{"id":56815981,"name":"Physical sciences/Chemistry/Physical chemistry/Thermodynamics"},{"id":56815982,"name":"Physical sciences/Materials science/Materials for energy and catalysis"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-11-19T05:10:23+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-10-27 11:30:11","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-7915631","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-7915631","identity":"rs-7915631","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}