Analysis of the metabolic syndrome and its association with cART in HIV positive individuals receiving various cART regimens with review of literature

ABSTRACT Context Many endocrine and metabolic disorders are seen in patients with HIV infection. Various comorbidities have been reported at a higher rate in HIV positive individuals, some at an earlier age. Since metabolic syndrome and its determinants are slowly developing, studies are needed in this regard. Aims The study aimed to analyze various parameters associated with the metabolic syndrome in HIV positive individuals and stratify subjects based on their treatment regimens, and present a brief comparison based on the same. Settings and Design A cross sectional study involving 155 participants was conducted at a tertiary care centre in Western India. Materials and Methods Detailed history and clinical examination was carried out. Routine investigations were done and parameters of interest to the study were then analysed based on AHA/NHLBI definitions. Statistical Analysis used Univariate analysis of all parameters. Multiple logistic regression for statistically significant parameters. Results and Conclusion Deranged HDL cholesterol was the most common component of the metabolic syndrome seen amongst all participants ( 53 . 8% ) which was significantly higher in the treatment naïve group ( P = 0 . 001 ). The difference between the incidence of metabolic syndrome between the ART naïve group and patients receiving ART was not significant. Males had a significantly higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome than females ( 26 . 3%>12 . 4%, P = 0 . 026 ). There was a significant difference in the incidence between the Zidovudine and Tenofovir treatment groups( P=0 . 02 ). Patients on the TLE (Tenofovir, Lamivudine, and Efavirenz) regimen had the lowest prevalence ( 4 . 2% ) of metabolic syndrome.