Bolt Looseness Detection in Flanged Pipe Using Parametric Modeling

Bolt Looseness Detection in Flanged Pipe Using Parametric Modeling | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Bolt Looseness Detection in Flanged Pipe Using Parametric Modeling Behzad Totakhaneh Bonab, Morteza Homayoun Sadeghi, M.Mohammad Ettefagh This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3738670/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Early detection of looseness in bolted flanges is crucial for safety in the oil and gas industries. Failure to do so could result in catastrophic accidents like leakage and explosions. One way to indirectly detect looseness is by analyzing vibration signals from structures connected by such joints. If the structure can be sufficiently vibrated, changes in its vibration parameters may indicate looseness as it reduces joint and structural stiffness. Modeling dynamic systems with autoregressive models is advantageous, as changes in their parameters are a reflection of structural damage. In this study, an integrated parametric model algorithm was developed to detect loosening in flanged pipes. By using Autoregressive model parameters as looseness feature vector, a loose indicator based on Mahalanobis distance can be utilized for detection. The proposed approach was validated using both stationary (AR) and non-stationary (TAR) models adapted for flanged pipe structure vibrations. The structure was excited with white noise (stationary state), and with a moving mass inside the pipe (non-stationary state) to make the identification method practical. The proposed method was able to identify flange looseness at early stages using an output-only method, as shown in the results. Looseness detection Bolted joint parametric modeling Mahalanobis distance Full Text Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-3738670","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":263871245,"identity":"24df9472-d60d-4591-8c21-015af568f381","order_by":0,"name":"Behzad Totakhaneh Bonab","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA9klEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBACAwYeIMkGxBJAzNhgAyIbDxCjRQKqJQ1MkqTlMFgUrxZz9t7DH36UMdQxSDcfe/Bzx3m7te2HgbbU2ETj0mLZcy7BsOcc0A6ZY+mGvWduJ287kwjUciwttwGXw27kGCTwtoEclmMmwdt2O9nsAFAL0IW4tdx/Y3DwL1SL5N+2c8lm5x8S0HKDx7AZZos0b9sBO7MbBGyx7MkxZpY5JyHZJnMsTVr2THKC2Q2gLQl4/GLOfsb445syG35+YIhJvt1hZ292Pv3hgw81Nji1QIEEOAGAQCJYZQJ+5ajAnhTFo2AUjIJRMDIAAKYKXeObMFlzAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1172-7543","institution":"University of Tabriz Faculty of Mechanical Engineering","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Behzad","middleName":"Totakhaneh","lastName":"Bonab","suffix":""},{"id":263871246,"identity":"5424c8d5-8952-4c4c-a10d-013ba5afd957","order_by":1,"name":"Morteza Homayoun Sadeghi","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Tabriz Faculty of Mechanical Engineering","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Morteza","middleName":"Homayoun","lastName":"Sadeghi","suffix":""},{"id":263871247,"identity":"a5d9fb83-4886-41cc-8be5-e1fc05b3de20","order_by":2,"name":"M.Mohammad Ettefagh","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Tabriz Faculty of Mechanical Engineering","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"M.Mohammad","middleName":"","lastName":"Ettefagh","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2023-12-11 15:10:16","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3738670/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3738670/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":50395908,"identity":"c3351c22-676f-447f-8a25-ce7a226245b8","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-01-30 22:31:06","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":14194949,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"BoltLoosenessDetectioninFlangedPipe.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3738670/v1_covered_ca5f09c5-a35f-4554-a06c-7bcb824d316f.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"","formattedTitle":"Bolt Looseness Detection in Flanged Pipe Using Parametric Modeling","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Looseness detection, Bolted joint, parametric modeling, Mahalanobis distance","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3738670/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3738670/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"Early detection of looseness in bolted flanges is crucial for safety in the oil and gas industries. 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