Impact of adoption of hydroponic fodder production on pastoralist households’ income in Borena, Ethiopia

Impact of adoption of hydroponic fodder production on pastoralist households’ income in Borena, Ethiopia | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Impact of adoption of hydroponic fodder production on pastoralist households’ income in Borena, Ethiopia Sisay Bedeke Bedeke, Tagese Melkato, Melisew Dejene, Tenaw Fentaw This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4268088/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract This study assesses the adoption of hydroponic fodder production practice and how the adoption impacts pastoralist household income in Borena, Ethiopia. A total of 211 pastoralist households were surveyed and interviewed to collect quantitative data. The data were analysed using econometric models, i.e., binary logistic regression model for adoption, the impacts of adopting hydroponic fodder were evaluated using propensity score matching (PSM), and descriptive statistics. The results of the binary logistic regression model showed that the probability of adopting hydroponic fodder was positively and significantly influenced by gender of the household head, herd size, frequency of contacts by development agents, educational level, participation in training on hydroponic fodder production, and pastoral cooperative membership. However, the possibility of hydroponic fodder being adopted was significantly and negatively impacted by the use of credit services. The PSM score suggested that, in comparison to the control groups, the adoption of hydroponic fodder significantly impacted income of the treatment households. Based on the findings of the study, we recommend that the government and interested parties need to concentrate on raising herd size, increasing the provision of education and the frequency of visit by pastoral development agents, training towards promoting cooperative membership, and raising awareness of local credit use. Overall,, the findings suggested that hydroponic fodder productions have a significant positive impact on pastoral households’ ability to generate additional income. Earth and environmental sciences/Climate sciences Earth and environmental sciences/Environmental sciences Earth and environmental sciences/Environmental social sciences Pastoralists hydroponic fodder adoption propensity score matching income Ethiopia Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4268088","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":312673485,"identity":"3274df0f-84d0-4076-9143-421dcf844956","order_by":0,"name":"Sisay Bedeke Bedeke","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA70lEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBACAwbmBiAlAcTMB0AMGSK0MMK0sCWAGDzEagEBHgMwSVCLOXtj42eePxb2/DNyPr+6UWPBw8B++OgGfFosew42S/O2SSTOuJG7zTrnGNBhPGlpN/A67EZigzRvg0QCA1CLcQ4bUIsEjxl+LfcfNv/m+SNhL38j55lxzj9itNxgbJPmYZNg3HAjh/lxbhsRWix7Etss5wL9svHMMzPm3D4JHjZCfjFnP3z4xps/dfZyx5Mff875VifHz374GF4tIMAEjguBBDZQhDKwEVIOAow/QCT/AeYPxKgeBaNgFIyCkQcAFbFIr4s8B5AAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"","institution":"Wolaita Sodo University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Sisay","middleName":"Bedeke","lastName":"Bedeke","suffix":""},{"id":312673486,"identity":"8b7f5040-0c2f-43c5-a0fa-b7e5fd839dca","order_by":1,"name":"Tagese Melkato","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Wolaita Sodo University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Tagese","middleName":"","lastName":"Melkato","suffix":""},{"id":312673487,"identity":"e26e6de6-557d-4583-b0dc-9dd8a2c0942a","order_by":2,"name":"Melisew Dejene","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Hawasa University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Melisew","middleName":"","lastName":"Dejene","suffix":""},{"id":312673488,"identity":"99db1614-3ee8-4ed0-811c-459fc1e47f73","order_by":3,"name":"Tenaw Fentaw","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Addis Ababa University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Tenaw","middleName":"","lastName":"Fentaw","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-04-15 07:54:29","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4268088/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4268088/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":101308506,"identity":"cf4bc9e5-640b-49ae-89cd-8c99f5a0bfe0","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-01-28 10:29:17","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":588362,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"ManuscriptHYdroponicFInalRevised4.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4268088/v1_covered_7a8a7c09-ea6c-48f7-bcb1-ef7c0aa8f5f2.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Impact of adoption of hydroponic fodder production on pastoralist households’ income in Borena, Ethiopia","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Pastoralists, hydroponic fodder, adoption, propensity score matching, income, Ethiopia","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4268088/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4268088/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eThis study assesses the adoption of hydroponic fodder production practice and how the adoption impacts pastoralist household income in Borena, Ethiopia. A total of 211 pastoralist households were surveyed and interviewed to collect quantitative data. The data were analysed using econometric models, i.e., binary logistic regression model for adoption, the impacts of adopting hydroponic fodder were evaluated using propensity score matching (PSM), and descriptive statistics. The results of the binary logistic regression model showed that the probability of adopting hydroponic fodder was positively and significantly influenced by gender of the household head, herd size, frequency of contacts by development agents, educational level, participation in training on hydroponic fodder production, and pastoral cooperative membership. However, the possibility of hydroponic fodder being adopted was significantly and negatively impacted by the use of credit services. The PSM score suggested that, in comparison to the control groups, the adoption of hydroponic fodder significantly impacted income of the treatment households. Based on the findings of the study, we recommend that the government and interested parties need to concentrate on raising herd size, increasing the provision of education and the frequency of visit by pastoral development agents, training towards promoting cooperative membership, and raising awareness of local credit use. Overall,, the findings suggested that hydroponic fodder productions have a significant positive impact on pastoral households\u0026rsquo; ability to generate additional income.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Impact of adoption of hydroponic fodder production on pastoralist households’ income in Borena, Ethiopia","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2024-06-12 14:27:35","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4268088/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"04e0fafc-399a-468c-8b76-4d288717e8a8","owner":[],"postedDate":"June 12th, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[{"id":33051382,"name":"Earth and environmental sciences/Climate sciences"},{"id":33051383,"name":"Earth and environmental sciences/Environmental sciences"},{"id":33051384,"name":"Earth and environmental sciences/Environmental social sciences"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-01-28T10:27:43+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2024-06-12 14:27:35","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-4268088","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-4268088","identity":"rs-4268088","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"qtupq5eGEP_6zYnWcrvyt","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}