Investigating the Formability of SS304 and AA6061 in Cup Drawing Operation via Additively Manufactured Tools.

Investigating the Formability of SS304 and AA6061 in Cup Drawing Operation via Additively Manufactured Tools. | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Investigating the Formability of SS304 and AA6061 in Cup Drawing Operation via Additively Manufactured Tools. Chandrakant V Bhatia, Dhiren R Patel, Rohit vats, Mansuri mohd Fahad Zameer This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6738155/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The industrial manufacturing landscape is rapidly evolving, with increasing adoption of advanced methods for designing, producing, and prototyping critical components. Additive manufacturing (AM) has become a key enabler in this transition, offering cost-effective solutions for complex designs and material challenges. In sheet metal manufacturing, AM is gaining traction for fabricating essential tools such as dies, punches, and blank holders, allowing manufacturers to address complex geometric and process parameters in product formation. This study focuses on the design, fabrication, and validation of the drawing process and its tools via fused deposition modeling (FDM) with the PLA Pro material. A 3D-printed punch and die set was developed considering key parameters such as the drawing ratio and punch-die clearance. Experimental trials were conducted on a hydraulic press using AA6061 and SS304 metallic sheets of 1 mm thickness to evaluate the performance of the printed tools in drawing operation. The drawn samples were analyzed for geometric conformity, whereas the tools were assessed for durability, deformation behavior, failure limits, and cost comparison. The statistical results show the potential of using polymer-based tooling for low-volume production and prototyping in sheet metal forming. A drawing ratio of approximately 56% was achieved with a consistent geometry in both materials, validating the feasibility of AM-fabricated tools in small-volume production. The cost comparison between PLA Pro and steel tools reveals a 9% price reduction when using polymer-based tools. Drawing operation FDM Polymer tools Formability Additive manufacturing Die & punch Full Text Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6738155","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":527698391,"identity":"3c4c154e-3ee3-41a4-bd9d-55a91e99238f","order_by":0,"name":"Chandrakant V 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